In guinea pig to rat cardiac xenotransplantation model,plasmapheresis,splenectomy and cyclophosphamide were used to reduce the content of the plasmatic natural antibodies.The survival time of the grafts was observed.It was found that plasmapheresis could lead to a dramatic drop of the natural antibodies in the plasma.Plasma IgM and IgG was significantly reduced to 167 mg/dl and 693.3mg/dl after plasmapheresis from 936.0mg/dl and 2 424.3mg/dl before plasmapheresis.Survival time of the control group was 13.2 min,while survival time of the plasmapheresis group was 537.0 min.The combined use of plasmapheresis,splenectomy and cyclophos-phamide could further prolong the survival time of the xenografts(760.0min).

MicroRNA(miRNA)is a kind of 22 nt endogenous small non-coding single strand RNA and is universally present in animals and plants.It can suppress the expression of target genes at post-transcription al level by complementary biding to the 3'UTR of target mRNAs.Recent studies indicate that microRNA is closely associated with tumorigenesis,differentiation,metastasis and relapse.MicroRNA might act as a new biomarker of tumor diagnosis and a new target of tumor gene therapy.

Objective To investigate the effect of clinical pathway in health education for preventing post partum urinary retention. Methods 883 women who performed vaginal delivery in our department before implementation of clinical pathway from July to December, 2007 were set as the control group, 1172 women who performed vaginal delivery after implementation of clinical pathway were selected as the experimental group from January to June, 2008. Then the first micturition condition was compared between the two groups. Results The rate of autonomic micturition was 95.9% in the experimental group, and 91.6% in the control group, The rate of autonomic micturition was higher than that of the control group. Conclusions Application of clinical pathway to prevent post partmn urinary retention can improve obstetrical nursing quality.

Objective To observe the effects of intrathymic islet transplantation or renal subcapsule islet transplantation on the graft survival.Methods C57BL/6 mice were used as recipients and BALB/c as donors The recipients receiving intrathymic or renal subcapsule islet transplantation were divided into simple transplantation groups and the group intraperitoneally receiving rabbit antithymocyte serum(ATS) at the time of islet transplantation.Results The median survival time (MST) of simple intrathymic allografts were 19.5 days,longer than that of allografts implanted beneath the renal capsule.Administration of ATS at the time of islet transplantation delayed rejection of islets transplanted to the renal subcapsute(MST,43.0 days),and intrathymic allografts were superior(MST,93.8 days).Six of 8 intrathymic grafts with administration of ATS survived permanently.especially a state of donor-specific unresponsiveness was induced.Conclusion The thymus may be an immunoprivileged site for islet transplantation and may play an important role during the induction of immune tolerance.

Objective　To study the effect of the combined use of aminoguanidine (AG) and cyclosporine A (CsA) on acute rejection following cardiac allograft. Methods　Except the control group, all other three groups were respectively treated by AG 600mg/kg every day subcutaneously 0 to 7 days after transplantation, low-dose CsA 2mg/kg every day i.m 0 to 7 days after transplantation, and low-dose CsA plus AG. Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression and nitric oxide (NO) production during acute allograft rejection were detected at 4th day after operation, and the graft survival was observed.Results　Compared with the control group, iNOS expression and NO production were significantly inhibited in the AG-treated group (P＜0.05)，the progression of acute rejection was slightly attenuated and allografted heart survival prolonged. The inhibitory effects of iNOS activity and NO production in the recipients receiving the combined treatment of low-dose CsA plus AG were higher than those receiving low-dose CsA alone. Compared with the low-dose CsA group, low-dose CsA plus AG could significantly reduce the histologic grade of acute rejection (P＜0.01) and prolong the graft survival (P＜0.05). Conclusion　The combined use of low-dose CsA and AG could synergistically suppress iNOS activity and NO production, and significantly prolong allografted heart survival.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of deep needling at Tianshu (ST 25) and Fujie (SP 14) plus electroacupuncture in treating severe functional constipation (FC).Method Sixty-three patients with severe FC were randomized into a treatment group of 33 cases and a control group of 30 cases. The treatment group was intervened by deep needling at Tianshu (ST 25) and Fujie (SP 14) plus electroacupuncture, while the control group was by sham electroacupuncture. The Complete Spontaneous Bowel Movement (CSBM), Bristol Stool Scale (BSS), and Patient Assessment of Constipation Quality of Life (PAC-QOL) were evaluated before and after intervention.Result In the treatment group, the CSBM after 2-week, 4-week, and 8-week treatments and CSBM of the 4-week and 12-week follow-up study were significantly different from that before intervention (P<0.05). In the control group, the CSBM after 8-week treatments was significantly different from that before intervention (P<0.05). The CSBM after 2-week, 4-week, and 8-week treatments and CSBM of the 4-week and 12-week follow-up study in the treatment group were significantly different from that in the control group (P<0.05). The BSS scores were significantly changed after 2-week, 4-week, and 8-week treatments in both groups compared to that before intervention (P<0.01,P<0.05). The BSS scores after 2-week, 4-week, and 8-week treatments in the treatment group were significantly different from that in the control group (P<0.01,P<0.05). The item scores of PAC-QOL (physical discomfort, psychosocial discomfort, worries and concerns, and satisfaction scores and global score) were significantly changed after intervention in the treatment group (P<0.05). The item scores of PAC-QOLA including physical discomfort, worries and concerns, and satisfaction and global score were significantly changed after intervention in the control group (P<0.05). After intervention, the PAC-QOL scores of the treatment group were significant different from that of the control group (P<0.05).Conclusion Deep needling at Tianshu (ST 25) and Fujie (SP 14) plus electroacupuncture is an effective method in treating severe FC.

Objective To evaluate Tornwaldt′s cyst using MR imaging. Methods 1 452 cases with head MR imaging were reviewed. The signal intensity, shape, and size of the lesions were observed. Results Tornwaldt′s cyst were found in 18 of 1 452 cases (1 24%), all of the 18 cases were isointense to CSF on T 2WI and hyperintense to muscle on T 1WI.Tornwaldt′s cyst were round ( n =13)and ovoid ( n =5). The size of lesions were from 2 mm to 15 mm. There were 15 cases with adenoid hyperplasia. Conclusions Tornwaldt′s cysts occupied 1 24% in routine head MR imaging and were hyperintense to muscle on T 1WI and isointense to CSF ON T 2WI.

Objective To evaluate MR imaging diagnosis in acute suppurative osteomyelitis at early stage. Methods The axis, sagittal and coronal planes were performed with Philips 0.5 T superconduct MR scanner on 12 cases of acute suppurative osteomyelitis in lower extremity proved by clinical data 2 to 14 days after onset. Results Abnormal signals in marrow were displayed in all 11 cases 3 to 14 days after onset. No abnormality was found in 1 case 2 days after onset. The interface between normal and abnormal marrow became clear as time going on. The lesion presented as patchy low intensity on T 1WI and high signal on T 2WI. The signal changes were marked especially on STIR. Conclusion MRI was superior to other imaging methods in diagnosis of acute suppurative osteomyelitis.

Background and Purpose:The objective of this study was to assess the value of tumor markers and clinical characteristics in making a differential diagnosis between mature cystic teratoma(MCT) and its malignant transformation(MT).Methods:176 patients with mature cystic teratoma of the ovary diagnosed by postoperative pathology were treated in our hospital between 1997 and December 2004,the authors studied their clinicopathologic data and tested several serum tumor markers.Results:170 were MCT,the mean age was 35.8,the mean tumor size was 8.8cm,153 were tested for CA125,the mean serum CA125 level was 33u/ml,37 with serum CA125 level over 35u/ml;140 for tested CA19-9,the mean serum CA19-9 level was 217u/ml,77 with serum CA19-9 level over 37u/ml;112 tested for SCC,the mean serum SCC level was 1.82ng/ml,29 with serum SCC level over 1.5ng/ml;115 tested for CEA,the mean serum CEA level was 1.42ng/ml,8 with serum CEA level over 5ng/ml;6 cases were malignant transformation,the mean age was 47,the mean tumor size was 17.6cm,the mean serum CA125 level was 500u/ml,5 with serum CA125 level over 35u/ml,the mean serum CA19-9 level was 609.8u/ml,5 with serum CA19-9 level over 37u/ml,the mean serum SCC level was 23.4ng/ml,5 with serum SCC level over 1.5ng/ml,the mean serum CEA level was 22.8ng/ml,4 with serum CEA level over 5ng/ml.There were significant differences in age,tumor size and levels of the serum tumor markers between MCT and MT.(P

Objective To investigate the surgical technique of establishing a reliable rat model of orthotopic liver transplantation and prevention of operational complication. Methods The model was established with modified cuff technique.The donor was perfused through the abdominal aorta with 20ml cold perfusate.The anastomosis of the suprahepatic vena cave(VC)was sutured end-to-end with 8-0 nylon line,and the continuity of infrahepatic VC and portal vein (PV)were established by means of cuff method respectively.The bile duct anastomosis was performed by internal stent. Results Three hundred and sixty case of rat orthotopic liver transplantation were performed and the successful rate of the mode was 91.3%.In non-intervention group,the survival rat was satisfactory,with a 86.5%of 1 week survival and a 80.7% of long-term survival (longer than 3 months). Conclusions The sophisticated microsurgical technique and the delicate surgical manipulation is the prerequisite of preventing operational complication,and shortening the anhepatic phase of recipient as soon as possible is the key to animal survival.