Objective To understand the status of Toxoplasma gondii infection in women with adverse pregnancy outcomes in Longhua region,Hebei Province. Methods A total of 393 women with adverse pregnancy outcomes were chosen as respon-dents in the Longhua County Maternal and Child Health Care Center between January 2013 and June 2016 and were divided into an acute infection group,a previous infection group,and an active infection group according to the test results. Totally 256 wom-en without adverse pregnancy outcomes were selected as a control group. IgM and IgG antibodies to T. gondii were detected by using ELISA in each group. The risk factors of T. gondii infection were surveyed by questionnaires. Results The T. gondii infec-tion rate of the women with adverse pregnancy outcomes was 27.23%(107/393),which was significantly higher than 8.20%(21/256)in the control group(χ2=35.46,P<0.01). The rates of acute infection,previous infection,active infection in the wom-en with adverse pregnancy outcomes were 6.87%(27/393),18.58%(73/393),and 2.54%(10/393)respectively,which was significantly higher than those[1.17%(3/256),7.03%(18/256),0(0/256)]in the control group(χ2=11.43,17.15,7.90 re-spectively,P<0.01). The ratios of the career in contact with raw meat,feeding pets(dog and cat),tasting raw meat,chopping board regardless of uncooked or cooked food,frequently eating rinsing boiler or barbecue,frequently eating outside of the wom-en with T. gondii infection were significantly higher than those of the women without T. gondii infection(χ2 =12.08,29.23, 8.55,13.41,7.28,6.06 respectively,P<0.01 or 0.05). Conclusions T. gondii infection could lead to serious adverse preg-nancy outcomes. Therefore,to avoid contacting with pets,not eating undercooked food,and strengthening personal health pro-tection are the important keys to avoid T. gondii infection.

Objective To clarify the effec.t of smoking and related factors in symptomatic osteoarthritis disease,and explore the method to analyze the osteoarthritis (OA) risks.Methods Based on the investigation of 7 126 rural residents in Shanxi province,according to whether patients had related factors of symptomatic osteoarthritis in longitudinal axis arthrosis,the single factor and multiple factors logistic regression analysis were adopted to reveal the interaction between risk factors,and the interaction on multiplicative scale and the interaction on additive scale were both analyzed;interaction on multiplicative scale was estimated by OR,the interaction on additive scale was estimated by the relative excess risk due to interact (RERI),the attributableproportion due to interaction (AP),and the synergy index (S).Results The survey included 7 126 residents,in which 1 480 cases osteoarthritis patients in vertical axis joint with the prevalence of 20.8％.By multiple logistic regression analysis,the whole samples by enter level 0.05 level was stepwisely filtered.The results showed that gender,body mass inlex (BMI),smoking,age,heatable adobe,picky eater,working under coal mine were main influencing factors for the symptomatic arthritis.Balance other influence factors,passive smoking had an effect on arthritis.Aftcr adjusting for weight,smoking was not included in the final model.In the stratified interaction analysis,there was interaction on multiplicative scale between smoking and weight (OR=0.32,P=0.03),and the interaction on additive scale between passive smoking and gender or weight exists [RERI (95％CI) 0.41 (0.01,0.81)＞0,AP(95％CI) 0.25(0.01,0.51)＞0,S=3.04＞ 1].Conclusion The influence of smoking on osteoarthritis is so weak that it could not be a risk factor and its influence on osteoarthritis is initiated via body.

Objective To investigate the factor that affecting the prevalence of osteoarthritis in rural areas of Shanxi, China. Methods All the residents above 16-year-old from the villages chosen by multi-stage stratified cluster sampling in Yangcheng County and Pianguan County in Shanxi Province were investigated by COPCORD procedure of WHO. All respondents signed the informed consent forms. Chi-square test and multivariable logistic regression analysis were used for the risk factor analysis. Results Seven thousand one hundred and twenty-six permanent residents in the two counties were investigated, of which 1734 cases of patients with osteoarthritis were identified. Take with or without osteoarthritis as response variables, statistically significant variables in the univariate analysis were substituted into the logistic regression model. Forward method was used for the variable selection. The inclusion criteria set as 0.10. The results showed that, age, room heating and ventilation, marital status, occupation, education, engaged in coal mine work, accompanied cardiovascular disease were the risk factors for osteoarthritis disease. Conclusion There were many factors that affect the prevalence of osteoarthritis in Shanxi rural communities, in which lifestyle may play an important role. Early intervention on risk factors may have a significant effect on reducing the prevalence.

Objective To establish and evaluate a rat model of adriamycin-induced myocardial injury.Methods Tweenty-four male SD rats were randomly divided into two groups. The adriamycin (ADR) group (n=15) was injected intraperitoneally with six equal doses of ADR (2 mg/kg each time, with a cumulative dose of 12 mg/kg) over a period of two weeks, while the control group (n=9) received an equivalent volume of normal saline intraperitoneally alone. The Rats were observed for 5 weeks after treatment. The general conditions and mortality were recorded. At the end of experiment, the parameters of hemodynamics including LVSP, LVEDP, ±LVdP/dtmax and HR were measured. The pathological changes were analyzed by histological hematoxylin-eosin staining. Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity as well as malondialdehyde (MDA) content in heart tissue were measured according to the kit instructions, respectively. Results The cumulative mortality in the ADR group was 40%. Compared with the control group, LVEDP and -LVdP/dtmax were significantly increased in the ADR group (P<0.001, P<0.05). The results of pathological examnation of the ADR group were consistent with characteristic changes of myocardial injury. Myocardial malondialdehyde (MDA) content was significantly increased and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity decreased in the ADR group compared with those in the controls.Conclusion A rat model of adriamycin-induced myocardial injury has been successfully established by administration of ADR (cumulative dose, 12 mg/kg) to rats in six equal intraperitoneal injections over a period of 2 weeks, resulting in cardiac dysfunction and histological damages.

cases were classified by using RUGⅢ.The result indicates that RUG Ⅲ is objective to re-flect all reasonable costs for clients.It has therotical and practical significence to research RUG Ⅲ for institu-tions involving rehabilitation,family beds and deathbed care.

BACKGROUND: Telomerase can maintain the telomere length and avoid cel replicative senescence and apoptosis in somatic cells. Its catalytic subunit cal ed telomerase reverse transcriptase has roles in mediating cellsurvival and anti-apoptotic functions. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of human telomerase reverse transcriptase on amyloid β1-40-induced human embryonic cortical neurons injury. METHODS: Human cortical neurons derived from 12-16 weeks old aborted fetuses were transfected with recombinant adenovirus vector encoding human telomerase reverse transcriptase. Expression of human telomerase reverse transcriptase was evaluated by immunocytochemical staining. Telomerase activity was measured using a PCR-based telomeric repeat amplification protocol enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Human embryonic cortical neurons were treated with 10 μmol/L ol/L amyloid β1-40 after transfected for 3 days. Cel viability, reactive oxygen species levels and glutathione contents in human embryonic cortical neurons were respectively detected by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, fluorescent probe 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate and chromatometry. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Expression of human telomerase reverse transcriptase reached peak at 3 days after transfection, and the telomerase activity was rebuilt; 10 μmol/L amyloid β1-40 could significantly reduce the cel viability of neurons and glutathione content (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01), and increase the reactive oxygen species levels (P < 0.05). The neurons transfected with human telomerase reverse transcriptase gene could be significantly against the toxicity of amyloid β1-40 and increase the cel viability and glutathione content (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01), and decrease the reactive oxygen species levels (P < 0.05). The results indicate that human telomerase reverse transcriptase can protect amyloid β1-40-induced human embryonic cortical neurons injury

Objective To identify novel mutations in the GATA6 gene associated with congenital atrial septal defects (ASD).Methods This was a case-control study.A cohort of 220 unrelated Han-race patients with congenital ASD and 200 unrelated ethnically matched healthy individuals used as controls,who were admitted to Tongji University Affiliated Tongji Hospital from January,2007 to October,2011,were recruited.The peripheral venous blood samples from the participants were prepared.All the coding exons and their flanking sequences of the GATA6 gene were amplified by polymerase chain reaction and sequenced using the di-deoxynucleotide chain termination technique.The acquired sequences were aligned with the sequences derived from GenBank by BLAST to identify the sequence variations.The software ClustalW was used to analyze the conservation of the altered amino acids.Results Three novel heterozygous missense GATA6 mutations,c.250G ＞A (p.A84T),c.649G ＞C (p.G217R) and c.1270A ＞C (p.S424R),were identified in 3 of 220 ASD patients,respectively.None of the three mutations was detected in 200 healthy control individuals.A cross-species alignment of GATA6 encoded protein sequences showed that the mutated amino acids were relatively conserved evolutionarily.Conclusion The identification of novel GATA6 mutations associated with ASD contributes to the reveal of the mechanism involved in the pathogenesis of ASD.

OBJECTIVE To investigate pathogenic bacteria isolated from children with respiratory tract infection(RTI) and bacterial resistance to commonly used antimicrobial agents in Guilin area,so as to instruct the rational use of antibiotics.METHODS Routine methods were used to isolate and identify bacteria species and samples of sputum or throat swabs were collected from children with respiratory infection in inpatient departments.The drug susceptibility tests were performed by Kirby-Bauer method.RESULTS Total 733 strains of bacteria were isolated.The Haemophilus influenzae(HI) was the most common(165 strains),followed by Escherichia coli(136 strains) and Streptococcus pyogenes(51 strains).The resistance of HI to trimetoprim-sulfa methoxazole and ampicillin was 59.39% and 36.36%,respectively.Cephalosporins and quinolones were more sensitive to HI.Imipenem,quinolones and amikacin were more sensitive to E.coli as yet.The resistant rate of Streptococcus to penicillin-G,erythromycin,clindamycin and trimetoprim-sulfa methoxazole was 56.79-69.63%.CONCLUSIONS Gram-negative bacilli are the main pathogenic bacteria in childrens respiratory tract infection.The drug resistance is conspicuous.Antibiotics for treating RTI should be selected based on pathogenic bacteria variance and the drug susceptibility test.

Objective To study the prevalence of symptomatic osteoarthritis (OA) in rural areas of Shanxi,China.Methods All the residents above 16 years old from the villages chosen by multi-stage stratified cluster sampling in Yangcheng County and Pianguan County in Shanxi Province were investigated with COPCORD procedure of WHO.All the respondents signed the informed consent forms.All statistical analysis were carried out using SAS 9.2 and SPSS standard version 13.0.Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis.P value ＜0.05 was regarded as statistically significant.Results The investigation in these two counties covered 7 126 residents,including 1 734 symptomatic OA patients,with a prevalence rate of 24.3％,where knee OA had the highest prevalence rate [13.8％(983/7 126)],other figures were as follows:lumbar vertebra,neck,hand,shoulder,elbow,ankle,hip,wrist,thoracic vertebra and foot.There were statistical differences in the prevalence of knee,ankle,neck,shoulder and hand between the two genders (P＜0.05).Conclusion The prevalence of symptomatic OA in rural areas of Shanxi,China is relatively high,but the risk factors still need to be further studied and proved.