0.05).The side effects of thiamphenicol was more little than the other.CONCLUSIONS The treatment bacterial vaginosis with thiamphenicol is effective and safe and the side effects is a little.

ObjectiveTo identify the pathogen of an aseptic meningitis outbreak which occurred in Linyi City of Shandong Province during the summer of 2009,and to analyze the genetic variations of Coxsackicvirus B5 (CVB5) isolates.MethodsForty-two cerebrospinal fluids (CSF) specimens were collected from aseptic meningitis cases and virus isolation was performed. The viral RNA was extracted and amplified from the positive specimens using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).The partial VP1 coding region was purified and sequenced. The phylogenetic trees based on VP1 sequences were constructed among CVB5 isolates and those in GenBank.ResultsSeventeen enteroviruse strains were isolated from 42 CSF samples with 40.5％ isolation positive rate. All these strains were identified as CVB5 using both microneutralization test and molecular typing methods. Homology comparisons indicated that the nucleotide acid identities and amino acid sequence identities were 92.3 ％- 100.0％ and 98.7 ％- 100.0％,respectively among these CVB5 isolate.s,and compared with the Faulkner prototype strain,which were 81.0％-82.4％ and 96.6％97.0％,respectively.Phylogenetic analysis on VP1 sequences showed that all CVB5 could be separated into four genogroups of A,B,C and D.Isolates of this outbreak belonged to genogroup D.Interestingly,two distinct genogroups in the phylogenetic tree were observed among the 17 isolates.Conclusions CVB5 is responsible for the outbreak of aseptic meningitis in Linyi City of Shandong Province,China. The genetic diversity is high among the isolates and all belong to genogroup D.

Objective To develop a sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) method for the determination of forsklin in rat plasma.Methods After extraction with methyl tert-butyl ether,chromatographic separation was performed on a C18 column with the mobile phase consisting of water ( 0.1％ formic acid)-acetonitrile in a gradient elution mode.A tandem mass spectrometer equipped with electrospray ionization (ESI) source was used as detector in the positive ion mode.Quantification was performed using multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) with the precursor product combination ions of m/z 411→375.3 and 285→193 for forsklin and diazepam.Results Good linearity was obtained in the 0.5-1000 ng/ml range for the analyte and the analytical method was validated in terms of specificity,precision,accuracy,recovery,stability and matrix effect.These assays gave RSD values always lower than 14.4％ and RE values between -3.5 ％ and 3.8％.In addition,the specificity,extraction recovery,stability and matrix effect were satisfactory.Conclusion Due to its high sensitivity,specificity and simplicity,the method could be used for pharmacokinetic studies of forsklin.

Objective To study the diagnostic value of susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) in diffuse axonal injury (DAI) and investigate the relationship between SWI and clinical prognosis. MethodsTwenty patients (15 males and 5 females) with DAI were included in this study. Routine sequences (T1WI, T2WI and FLAIR) and SWI were performed on a 3.0 T MRI scanner. There were 8 cases whose Glasgow score scale (GCS) ranged from 3.0 to 5.0, 4 cases from 6.0 to 8.0 and 8 from 9.0 to 12.0. The interval time between injury and examination were from 3 hours to 20 days. The number and volume of lesions observed on SWI and routine sequence were compared using Mann-Whitney U-test and paired t-test. Pearson correlation was used to analyze the relationship between the number and volume of all lesions and GCS. Results The lesions showed punctate, beaded, patchy and cord-like hypointense signal with various size on SWI (lesion diameter <2.0 cm). Distribution of lesions was multifocal with clear boundary. Routine MRI scan found a total of 78 lesions, while SWI sequence detected 424 lesions. The number of the lesions found on SWI was more than that on conventional MRI (U=-15.447,P＜0.01). The total volume of the lesions measured on routine MRI and SWI were 19 340 mm3 and 38 042 mm3, respectively. The total volume measured on SWI was more than that on routine MR (t=5.870,P＜0.01). The number and volume of all lesions were negatively correlated with GCS (r=-0.802, -0.767, P＜0.01). Conclusion SWI sequence could find more bleeding lesions than the routine MRI sequences. The number and the volume of the lesions were closely related to GCS. SWI showed high value in the diagnosis and prediction of the prognosis of DAI.

Objective To investigate the expression of Notch1 protein and its clinicopathologieal characteristics in colorectal carcinomas. Methods The expression and location of Notch1 protein were determined using immunohistochemical S-P method in 30 colorectal carcinomas and 18 normal colorectal tissues. Results The average positive rate of Notch1 protein was 45.5 ± 0. 7% in colorectal carcinomas and 6. 8 ± 0. 9% in normal colorectal tissues. There was significant difference between colorectal carcinomas and normal colorectal tissues (P ＜ 0. 05). The expression of Notchl protein in different age, sex, tumor site, nodal involvement and Dukes stage had no significant difference. The expression of Notch1 protein in different histology grade had significantly statistical difference. Conclusion Notch1 expression was associated with the development of colorectal carcinoma. Notch1 was the potential oncagenic gene. Nothe1 would become the new target of the colorectal tumor therapy in the future.

OBJECTIVE To understand disinfection quality in newborn Spa room,to give prevention messures against nosocomial infection.METHODS The air,UV intensity,the object surface,staff′s hands,and the using of disinfectant were detected.RESULTS The total qualified rate was 98.61% and that of the object surface was 97.22%,of staff′s hands was 98.61%,of UV intensity and indoor air was 100% and of the using disinfectant was 97.22%.CONCLUSIONS Strengthening the disinfection,finding the weak timely and taking the effective measures can prevent the occurrence of hospital infection.

Aim To investigate the effect of the total flavonoids of Epimedium (TFE)on MAPK/NF-κB sig-naling pathway and the inflammatory reaction in the hippocampus of natural aging male rats.Methods The morphological changes of the hippocampus com-posed of three areas (CA1 ,CA3 and DG)were ob-served using haematoxylin-eoin (HE ) staining.The protein expression levels of senescence-associated pro-tein p21,apoptosis-related proteins Bax and Bcl-2, nuclear transcription factor-κB p65 (NF-κB p65 )and its downstream inflammatory factors TNF-α,IL-1βand COX-2,and MAPK signaling pathway-related proteins (ERK1/2,p-ERK1/2,JNK,p-JNK,p38MAPK,p-p38MAPK)in hippocampal were detected by Western blot.Results Compared with natural aging group, TFE obviously improved the morphology and structure of hippocampal neurons,and the nerve cells arranged neatly and closely. Furthermore, TFE significantly downregulated the protein expression levels of p2 1 and Bax,upregulated the protein expression levels of Bcl-2 and the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax,and reduced the expression of NF-κB p65 and of its downstream inflammatory fac-tors TNF-α, IL-1β, COX-2, and MAPK signaling pathway-related proteins (p-ERK1/2,p-JNK and p-p38 MAPK ) in hippocampus of natural aging rats. Conclusions TFE effectively protects against inflam-matory reaction in brain aging of SD male rats.The mechanism is related with inhibition of NF-κB nuclear translocation and reduction of its downstream inflamma-tory cytokines expression by inhibiting MAPK signaling pathway activation.

Objective To analyze the genetic characteristics of echovirus 6 ( E-6) strains isolated from patients with acute meningitis/encephalitis syndrome ( AMES) in 2014 and sewage samples in 2013—2014 in Shandong province and to investigate their correlations.Methods Enterovirus strains were isolated from cerebrospinal fluid, stool and throat swab samples collected from 940 cases of AMES and 96 sewage samples used for environmental surveillance.The positive isolates were identified by molecular typing meth-od.Homologous and phylogenetic analyses based on the VP1 sequences of E-6 isolates were performed.Re-sults Altogether 47 E-6 strains were isolated from patients with AMES in 2014, accounting for 29.56%of all isolated enteroviruses ( EVs) strains.No E-6 strains were isolated from AMES cases in 2013.Data of the environmental surveillance showed that E-6 virus strains had been frequently detected in sewage samples since the summer of 2013 to the end of 2014.In total, 40 E-6 virus strains were isolated (7.87% of total isolated EVs strains) in 2013 and 139 E-6 virus strains (26.18%) in 2014.Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the E-6 isolates recruited in this study belonged to clusters A and C with high intracluster sequence iden-tities between AMES and environmental isolates.The nucleotide identities were 98.3%-100% among cluster A E-6 virus strains isolated from AMES cases in 2014 and 96.6%-100% among cluster A E-6 virus environ-mental isolates during the surveillance year 2013—2014.The cluster A E-6 virus strains shared 97.1%-100% nucleotide identities between the AMES and environmental isolates.For cluster C E-6 virus strains, the nucleotide identities were 100%, 98.7%-100% and 99.1%-100%, respectively.Conclusion The epidemic of viral encephalitis in Shandong province in 2014 was associated the transmission of two lineages of E-6 virus.Environmental surveillance revealed the potential epidemic of E-6 virus even before the epidemic of viral encephalitis in Shandong province, indicating the possibility of using environmental surveillance for early warning of related diseases.

Objective To explore the effect of nursing of Traditional Chinese Medicine on cognitive function among aged people with mild cognitive impairment in elderly care institution. Methods A total of 66 cases with mild cognitive impairment elderly that previously were screened out from two pension institutions in Taiyuan city as the research objects. According to the endowment institutions where the objects of study dwelled was divided into control group (34 cases) and intervention group (32 cases). The intervention group accepted nursing of Traditional Chinese Medicine plan for four months. The control group received the disease related knowledge health education. The cognitive function of the two groups were assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Scale (MoCA) before and after the intervention. Results Before the intervention, two groups had no statistical significance in each dimension score and total score of MoCA. After the intervention, four dimensions scores including ability of visual spatial and execute , attention , delayed recall , directional force and the total score of the intervention group respectively were (2.67±1.09) points, (4.07±1.08) points, (1.97±0.81) points, (4.83±0.99) points, (18.80±1.74) points while the control group were (2.15 ± 0.71) points, (3.30 ± 0.63) points, (1.39 ± 0.97) points, (4.24 ± 1.41) points, (15.06 ± 2.98) points, and the difference was statistically significant (t=1.91-6.06, P < 0.05 or 0.01) ;Before intervention the language score, delayed recall score and the total score of the intervention group were (1.43±0.77) points, (1.57±1.10) points, (17.27±1.99) points, respectively while after the intervention were (1.80 ± 0.66) points, (1.97 ± 0.81) points, (18.80 ± 1.74) points, there was statistically significant difference (t =-2.16,-2.11,- 4.34, P < 0.05 or 0.01). Conclusions Nursing of Traditional Chinese Medicine can delay the process of cognitive decline of mild cognitive impairment in the elderly, and have a certain effect on prevention and treatment of patients with mild cognitive impairment.

BACKGROUND:Extraction methods of human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells are inconsistent in the number of cells.
OBJECTIVE:To explore the optimal method to in vitro isolate and culture human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells.
METHODS:Under sterile conditions, ful-term cesarean fetal amniotic membrane was cut into pieces, then to isolate human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells by seven methods in four experiments. In experiment 1, human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells were isolated by the fol owing three methods:(1) 0.05 g/L trypsin digestion for 10 minutes fol owed by 0.75 g/L col agenase digestion for 60 minutes;(2) 0.75 g/L col agenase I for 120 minutes;(3) co-digestion with 0.05 g/L trypsin and 0.75 g/L col agenase for 60 minutes. In experiment 2, the samples were digested with 0.05 g/L trypsin digestion for 30 minutes fol owed by 0.75 g/L col agenase digestion for 30 minutes. In experiment 3, the samples were digested by two methods:(1) 0.05 g/L trypsin digestion for 30 minutes×2, fol owed by 0.75 g/L col agenase digestion for 60 minutes;(2) 0.05 g/L trypsin digestion for 40 minutes×2, fol owed by 0.75 g/L col agenase digestion for 60 minutes. In experiment 4, the samples were digested with 0.05 g/L trypsin digestion for 30 minutes×2, fol owed by 1 g/L col agenase digestion for 60 minutes. Fol owing morphology observation under a microscope, we studied the most suitable method for isolating human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Digestion with 0.05 g/L trypsin for 30 minutes twice fol owed by 1 g/L of col agenase digestion of 60 minutes was the most suitable isolation and culture condition in vitro. cells became elongated fusiform or star-shaped with rich cytoplasm, and nuclei were round with 1-3 nuts. We can harvest the most number of human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells using the method described in experiment 4.