Objective To investigate the relationship between the prothrombotic state and leukoaraiosis(LA)in elderly patients with metabolic syndrome.Methods A total of 350 metabolic syndrome patients in the affiliated hospital of Zhejiang University who received treatment from January 2013 to January 2015.According to the results of head MRI,patients were divided into LA group(n=203)and non-LA group(n=147).The severity of LA was graded by its MRI appearance and the Blennow scale.The plasma levels of fibrinogen (Fib),prothrombin time (PT),thrombin time (TT),activated partial blood coagulation time(APTT),D-dimer (D-D) and yon willebrand factor (vWF) were measured and compared between the two groups.Results The levels of Fib,vWF and D-D were higher in LA group than in non-LA group(all P＜0.05).Spearman correlation analysis showed that the severity of leukoaraiosis was positively correlated with Fib,vWF and D-D(r=0.014,0.089,0.215,respectively,all P ＜ 0.05).Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that Fib,course of hypertension,vWF and HbA1c were the main influencing factors with the standardized regression coefficient of 2.516,0.312,0.206 and 0.167 respectively for leukoaraiosis in elderly patients with metabolic syndrome.Conclusions The course of hypertension and HbAlc level are positively related with LA.The prothrombotic state markers including Fib and vWF can be considered as the predictors for LA severity in elderly patients with metabolic syndrome.

?AIM:To study the changes of ocular surface in cataract patients with Meibomian gland dysfunction ( MGD) who treated with Meibomian gland massage before surgery.?METHODS: Totally 90 patients ( 93 eyes ) with cataract and MGD were randomly divided into two groups. Patients in experimental group were treated with hot compress and Meibomian gland massage every day before surgery, while the patients in the control group were not taken. Two groups of patients received phacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens implantation. Lid margin abnormalities, secretion characteristics, Schimer I test ( SⅠt) and tear film break-up time ( BUT ) were recorded and compared between two groups using slit lamp microscope inspection preoperatively and postoperatively 1wk.?RESULTS:In the control group, the postoperative score of eyelid margin and Meibomian gland secretion was increased significantly than preoperative, while the value of BUT and SⅠt was down significantly. Compared with control group, the postoperative score of eyelid margin shape and Meibomian gland secretion in the experimental group was decreased significantly, while the value of BUT and SIT improved significantly (P<0. 05).?CONCLUSION: Phacoemulsification can aggravate the Meibomian gland dysfunction and have some extent of effects on the ocular surface. Meibomian gland massage before surgery can significantly improve the function of Meibomian gland and the state of ocular surface in patients with MDG.

Objective To explore the acquired deficiencies of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors in etiology, clinical characteristics and treatment. Methods Retrospective analysis was performed on the data of etiology, clinical manifestations of 45 patients with acquired deficiencies of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factor. All patients were treated with Vitamin K1 10 -40 mg/d, i. v. , for three months. Some patients with severe blooding were additionally treated with fresh freezing plasma or prothromibin complex. Prothrombin time(PT) and activated partial thromboplastic time(APTT) were measured using Stago automatic blood coagulation analyzer before and after treatment. Ⅱ , Ⅶ, Ⅸ and Ⅹ were measured in some patients. Results Among the 45 cases, no certain cause was found in 19 cases (42.2%), anticoagulant rodenticides poison was a common cause ( 11 cases,42.3% ). The main presentations was hemorrhage, the most common bleeding sites were mucosa (77.8%) (35/45)and hematuria (46.7%) ( 21/45 ). After vitamin K1 treatment, PT and APTT had shortened remarkably from ( 110.35 ± 35.36 ) s,(98.91 ±48.98)s to (13.48 ±2. 17)s,(33.25 ±6.95)s,respectively(t=19.10 and 6.19,Ps ＜0.01)and the activities of factor Ⅱ、Ⅶ、Ⅸ、Ⅹ had rapidly increased from ( 17.48 ± 10.93 ) %, ( 10.23 ± 5.68 )%, ( 11.98 ±4.69)%,(12.93±7.48)% to (70. 12 ±21.31)%,(92.76 ±29. 15)%,(88.64 ±40. 21)%,(63.97 ±20.11)%(t=12.13,14.43,13.27and9. 74,respectively,Ps＜0. 01).Conclusions The histories of patients with acquired deficiencies of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors are usually hiding, therefore it is easily misdiagnosed. It is worth of detecting PT and APTT in diagnosis and monitoring. Using vitamin K1 10 -40 mg/d is effective and safety.

Background The main cause of X linked juvenile retinoschisis is mutation of RS1 gene.The phenotype of X linked juvenile retinoschisis is associated with the mutation types of RS1 gene.However,the relationship of genotype and phenotype of X linked juvenile retinoschisis is unclear.Objective The present study was to survey the clinical phenotype of X-linked juvenile retinoschisis in twelve Chinese families with eleven different mutations in the XLRS1 gene. Methods Complete ophthalmic examinations with slit lamp biomicroscopy,fundus examination and Dhotography were carried out in 28 affected males.Ganzfeld electroretinography (ERG),fundus fluorescein angiography,A and B-scan standardized echography and optical coherence tomography(OCT)were also performed in some patients.The coding regions of the XLRS1 gene that encodes retinoschisin were amplified by polymerase chain reaction(PCR)and analyzed by the single strand conformation polymorphism(SSCP)assay.The RS1 gene mutations were determined by direct sequencing in an automated sequencer.Written informed consent wasobtained prior to the survey. Results The 28 affected males showed a typical foveal schisis with or without peripheral retinoschisis.The typical response to white single flash ERG was seen with a reduction of the b-wave amplitude and a relative preservation of the a-wave amplitude.causing a reduced b/a ratio in the male patients.A total of eleven different XLRS1 mutations in 12 families were identified,four of these mutations,including one frameshift mutaion(22 del T)of exon 1,Asp145His,Arg156Gly and Trp163X mutations of exon 5,were first described in this survey.One non-disease-related polymorphism(NSP),or the 576C to T(Pro192Pro)change of exon 6 was also newly reported herein.In the families with a frameshift(22 del T)mutation of exon 1,a splice donor site mutation(IVS1+2T

Carotenoids play an important role in regulating the hydrogen production of hydrogen-producing Rhodobacter sp. The carotenoids of hydrogen-producing Rhodobacter sp. grown in acetate medium were extracted by using acetone-methanol (7∶2,V/V) solvent and were separated by using thin-layer chromatography on silica-gel plate. The qualitative and quantitative of the carotenoids were analyzed by spectrometry. The results showed that the carotenoids were completely extracted three times with acetone-methanol (7∶2,V/V) in two hours. The ultrasonication had little effect on yield of carotenoids. The yield of carotenoids was 2.81mg/g wet cell. There were 4 spots on the silica-gel plate in the order of yellow, red, light red and light yellow. Yellow spot and red spot were the dominant composition of carotenoid in Rhodobacter sp. The spectrometry data showed that the yellow and red component might be the spheroidene and spirilloanthin respectively.

Mutagenesis and screening of hydrogen-producing photosynthetic bacteria,Rhodobacter sp.R7 strain,was investigated by using the combination mutation of ultraviolet ray and LiCl and layer plating methods.A carotenoid mutant named R726 strain was obtained.The plate phenotype properties in carotenoid mutant were different from that of parent strains.Living cells spectra showed that absorption peak of 550 nm was appeared in carotenoid mutant,but not in parent strain.The absorption spectra of extraction of pigment further confirmed the difference of carotenoid composition between the mutant and parent strains.The result of TLC on silica gel plate showed that mutant has a lack of yellow carotenoid composition which occurs in parent strain.H_2 productivity and biomass in carotenoid mutant was higher than that of parent strain.These results revealed that mutant has a modified carotenoid biosynthesis pathway.

OBJECTIVE: To develop the single-tube one-step methylation variable position (MVP) analysis technology-single-tube post-digestion PCR-melting curve analysis (PDP-MCA). METHODS: Based on differentially methylated region (DMR) reported previously as the model, a set of primers with different melting temperatures of products in the two sides of MVP were designed. By using the FastDigest methylation-sensitive restriction enzyme (MSRE), DNA digestion, multiplex amplification, MCA detection and MCA profiles were performed in a single reaction tube. Same samples (peripheral venous blood, semen, and vaginal fluid, 5 samples each type) were tested by single-tube one step MVP and traditional MSRE-PCR MCA technology. To verify the feasibility of this method, the results were compared with that of the traditional technology. The MCA/HRM profiles of different samples were analyzed and compared. RESULTS: When the melting temperature of the fragments had a differential of 2 degrees C, the MCA melting peaks separated well, and MCA detection after multiplex amplification was successful. The single-tube PDP-MCA assay was developed, which integrated multiple reactions (digestion, amplification and detection) into one tube. By this method, the sample-specific profiles and data were analyzed in 2 h, which is similar to that of the traditional method. The rapid classifications of the samples were also realized. CONCLUSION Multiplex MVPs can be analyzed in a single closed-tube. The single-tube PDP-MCA technology is a simple, fast, and automatable method. It can be used for detection of DNA methylation variations.
DNA/isolation & purification* ; DNA Methylation/genetics* ; DNA Primers/genetics* ; Humans ; Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction/standards* ; Nucleic Acid Denaturation

To study the chemical constituents of Nervilia fordii (Hance) Schltr., various chromatographic methods were used, including D101 macroporous resin, silica gel, ODS and preparative HPLC chromatographic techniques. A new labdane diterpenoid glycoside named as nervilifordoside A was isolated from 60% EtOH extract of Nerviliafordii. The structure of compound 1 was elucidated as 12, 17-epoxy-3-hydroxy-17-methoxy-labdan-13-en-16, 15-olide 3-O-alpha-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)-O-beta-glucopyranoside on the basis of HR-MS, 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data as well as chemical methods.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Molecular Structure ; Orchidaceae ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry

To investigate the influence of stainless steel(SS)and titanium oxide(Ti-O)thin films on the cytokine released by en-dothelial cells.Ti-O films were prepared by unbalanced magnetron sputtering deposition system(UBMS).Human umbilical vein en-dothelial cells(HUVECS)were isolated and seeded on SS and Ti-O materials.Nitride oxide (NO)and monocytc chemotactic protein one(MCP-1)concentrations were determined in the supematants with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)at 1,3 and 5 days after culture,and the morphology of the cells was observed using scanning electron microscopy(SEM).The results showed that the similar amount of HUVECs was presented in SS and Ti-O culture.But HUVEC had better morphology on Ti-O film than SS.The NO and MCP.1 test also showed that HUVECs on Ti-O film had a better bio-function than SS.It is concluded that Ti-O film as a biomaterial may have a better endothlieal compatibility,which can be used to enhance the endothelialization.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the new surgical pathway of endoscopic frontal sinus surgery for frontal sinus lesions through the upper-agger nasi approach. METHOD: The computed tomography (CT) scans from 32 patients were collected and subjected to three-dimensional reconstruction by Mimics. The distance in sagittal planes from anterior ethmoid artery to midpoint of axilla and to skull base attachment at anterior middle turbinate was measured. The distance in coronal planes between the perpendicular plate of middle turbinate and the orbital lamina was also detected as well as the height of agger nasi. Three-dimensional structures of the frontal sinus and its surrounding cells was reconstructed by Sinuses Trachea I software. We integrated the CT scans and the above data for simulating surgical operation on cadaveric heads. RESULT: (1) Skull base attachment at anterior middle turbinate located at the anterior or posterior of aperture of frontal sinus. (2) The mean distance between anterior ethmoid artery and midpoint of axilla was (22.23 ± 2.78) mm on the left side and (22.30 ± 2.80) mm on right. The mean distance between anterior ethmoid artery and skull base attachment at anterior middle turbinate was (15.31 ± 2.82) mm on left and (15.39 ± 3.53) mm on right. The distance between perpendicular plate of middle turbinate and orbital lamina was (7.61 ± 1.34) mm on left and (7.80 ± 1.40) mm on right side. The height of the agger nasi was (8.33 ± 2.14) mm on left and (8.00 ± 2.57) mm on right. There was no statistical difference in the above data between left and right side (P > 0.05). (3) The visible three-dimensional structure showed that skull base attachment at the anterior middle turbinate was closely adjoined the aperture of frontal sinus, the space between sub-outer side of the attachment and orbital lamina, above the agger nasi cell or the upper area of the agger nasi cell was solely cell structures. CONCLUSION Endoscopic frontal sinus surgery for frontal sinus lesions through the upper-agger nasi approach was practicable to solitary frontal sinus lesions and to solve the complex frontal sinus or frontal recess lesions by flexible operation according to the feature of the lesions.
Axilla ; Bone Plates ; Endoscopy ; Frontal Sinus ; surgery ; Humans ; Nasal Cavity ; Nose ; Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms ; surgery ; Paranasal Sinuses ; Skull Base ; Software ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Trachea ; Turbinates