Objective To analyze the clinical and pathological characteristics of children with lupus nephritis(LN).Methods The data of 116 inpatients from Mar.2000 to Nov.2008 with LN were retrospectively analyzed.The clinical,immunochemical and pathological data were recorded.Renal tissue was observed by light microscopy and electron microscopy after HE,PAS,Masson and PASM staining according to WHO standards.Follow-up results showed complete remission,partial remission,disease activity,renal insufficiency and death.Results Of the 116 cases of LN,there were 27 male and 89 female with a ratio of male to female 1.03.3,and the mean age was(12.0?2.2) years.The incidence of nephrotic syndrome was 63.8 %(74 cases),and acute nephritis was 21.5%(25 cases).Class Ⅳ LN was the most frequent type(14 cases,50%) and classⅢ was next(25 cases,21.5%).In view of the outcome,rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis and class Ⅳ LN were the worst.LN was initially controlled in 96.5% of the patients.Relapses of LN were most caused by the intermittent treatment.Totally 32 cases showed different renal injury,and 6 cases progressed to death.Conclusions Renal biopsy is important to diagnosis,treatment and prognosis evaluation of LN.Long and regular treatment is important for children with LN.

Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Erythroid Precursor Cells ; drug effects ; Female ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells ; drug effects ; Mice ; Radiation Injuries, Experimental ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Salvia miltiorrhiza

This article is to explore the practical application of concept maps in nursing teaching practice to make it as a learning tool to promote undergraduates to make a meaningful study. Besides, the results is applied in research on improving the teaching method so as to provide an effective teaching policy and evaluation tools to promote the scientific research and clinical practice in nursing care.

SUMMARY Objective:To investigate the influence of cryoprotectants and cooling rates in vitrificationmethod on the spindles of rabbit M Ⅱ oocytes.Methods:Rabbit oocytes were verified by using cryoloopwith ethylene glycol(EG)singly or EG combined with dimethyl sulphoxide(DMSO)as cryoprotectants,and cooled by taking oocytes directly into liquid nitrogen or by vitrification machine.After frozen rabbit o-ocytes thawed,the microtubulin and chromosome of the spindles were fixation and stained by immunofluo-rescent method.Confocal microscope was used to reveal spindle configuration.Results:In the two proto-cols of single EG used and EG combined with DMSO,the spindles were severely injured.But in protocolof EG combined with DMSO and at ultra-rapid cooling rate,the normal configuration of spindle rate ofthawed rabbit oobytes was similar to that of the control group.Conclusion:The protocol of EG combinedwith DMSO as cryoprotectants and with extremely high cooling rate by vitrification machine can producethe best effect on conservation of spindle configuration in vitrification of rabbit oocytes.

Objective To explore the reasons and preventive measures of early dislocation after total hip arthroplasty in elder patients. Method A retrospective study was done to analyze dislocation time, reason and time of 168 elderly patients with early anti-dislocation after total hip arthroplasty in joint surgery. Results Only 7 patients (4.1%) had type I joint dislocation, including 2 male and 5 female patients aged 65~89 years. The dislocation happened in 4~5 weeks postoperatively, mainly resulting from hip joint over flexion when urinating in bed, sleep-turning, loaded-moving, walking and stoop and diachoresis. Conclusions For the elderly patients after total hip replacement, it is type I dislocation which happened 4 ~ 5 weeks after operation, more femal than male, reasons including over-exercrse. Effective prevention measures includes regular rehabilitation training, early precautions enhanced mental support and safety nursing.

The optimized cultural medium of fermentation for Candida sp.mutant strain YQ5 to produce S-adenosylmethionine was studied.The results of single factor experiment showed that the most favorable pH value,carbon source,nitrogen source organic nutrient is 6.0,8% sucrose,1.5% tryptone and 2% yeast extract,respectively.As to inorganic salts,MgSO4?7H2O,CaCl2,FeSO4?7H2O,CoCl2,CuSO4?5H2O,H3BO3 could improve accumulation of the intercellular SAM.The ingredients of the culture medium are also opti-mized by the orthogonal experiment.Fermentation for 48 h under the optimal condition resulted in AdoMet production at 1740.0 mg/L.

Objective To determine chromosomal localization of the primary gout susceptibility gene in a pedigree.Methods The clinical data and the peripheral blood samples were collected in the pedigree members and the genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood.A genome-wide screening was performed using 400 micro-satellite DNA markers in this family,and linkage analysis was used to determine the chromosomal location of the primary gout susceptibility gene.Results Linkage analysis showed that the maximum LOD score reached 1.50 at marker D4S1572 (at recombination fraction?=0.00).Conclusion Since D4S1572 is localized at 4q25,the primary gout susceptibility gene of this pedigree is localized at 4q25.

Objective To study CT and MRI appearance of transient hepatic attenuation difference (THAI)) .to reveal the cause of THAD),and to avoid false positive and misdiagnosis.Methods 10 cases appearing THAD in CT and 5 cases appearing THAI) in MRI were reviewed and all were processed with plain scan and dy- namic contrast with CT or MRI.Results 7 cases appeared transienl hypertransfusion of CT,4 cases appeared tran- sient hypertransfusion of MRI;3 cases appeared transient Hypoperfusion of CT,1 case appeared transient hypoperfu- sion of MRI.Conclusion The appearance of THAD in CT and MRI,was related to the quick-scan with CT and MRI only sufficient comprehension of the characteristics of blood supply in normal physiology and pathology of liver, combined with plain scan,could make correct decision possible in the final diagnosis when it occurred regional perfu- sion difference in liver.

Objective To dynamically observe the changes of cytokines of splenocytes in mice immunized with recombinant bifidobacteria bifidum (Bb)- Eg95-EgA31 vaccine of Echinococcus grauulosus (Eg). Methods Balb/c mice were vaccinated by 5× 108 colony forming unit(CFU) orally and 5 × 105 CFU intranasally, respectively.Mice were killed on week 0,2,4,6,8,10, 12,14,16, 18 and 20 after immunization, respectively, and spleens were separated for cell culture with the stimulation of EgAg, concanavalin A (ConA) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The splenocyte supernatants were collected to determine the levels of interferonγ(IFN-γ), interleukin(IL)-12, tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-o) and IL-l0 using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) with MRS as control. Results In the oral immunization group, the levels of IFN-γ, IL-12, TNF-α and IL-10 showed a significant increase from week 2 to week 8, week 2 to week 8, week 4 and week 6 to week 10 after vaccination, respectively, and reached the highest level on week 4, week 2, week 4 and week 6 after vaccination, respectively;in EgAg stimulation group, the levels of IFN-γ, IL-12, TNF-α and IL-10 were (700.0 ± 115.5), (45.0 ± 5.8), (350.0 ± 57.7), (112.5 ± 14.4)ng/L, respectively, compared with week 0[(35.0 ± 5.8), (12.5 ± 2.9), (190.0 ± 11.6), (25.0 ± 5.8)ng/L, P ＜0.05 or ＜ 0.01] and MRS control group[(37.5 ± 5.0),(13.8 ± 2.5), (195.0 ± 5.8), (27.5 ± 2.9)ng/L, P＜ 0.05or ＜ 0.01]. In the intranasal immunization group, the levels of IFN-γ, IL-12, TNF-α and IL-10 showed an obvious increase from week 2 to week 8, week 2 to week 8, week 2 to week 6 and week 6 to week 16 after vaccination,respectively, and reached the highest level on week 2, week 2, week 4 and week 8 after vaccination, respectively;in EgAg stimulation group, the levels of IFN-γ, IL-12, TNF-α and IL-10 were (700.0 ± 115.5), (55.0 ± 5.8),(275.0 ± 28.9), (140.0 ± 11.6)ng/L, compared with week 0[(35.0 ± 5.8), (12.5 ± 2.9), (190.0 ± 11.6), (25.0 ±5.8)ng/L, P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01] and MRS control group[(37.5 ± 5.0), (13.8 ± 2.5), (195.0 ± 5.8), (27.5 ± 2.9)ng/L, P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01]. The cytokine levels in the groups with EgAg, ConA or LPS stimulus were significantly higher than those in the corresponding splenocytes suspension groups(P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01) , and the cytokine levels in the groups with ConA or LPS stimulus were obviously higher than those in the corresponding groups with EgAg stimulation(P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01). Conclusion The mixed Th1 and Th2 type response can be induced in mice immunized with the recombinant Bb-Eg95-EgA31 vaccine of Echinococcus granulosus in the early stage of immunization(2 to 6weeks).

Objective To construct and identify recombinant Bifutobacteria (rBb)-Eg95 vaccine of Echinococcus granulosus (Eg). Methods The total RNA was extracted from hydatid cyst protoscoleces shattered by ultrasound, Eg95 antigen encoding gene was obtained by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) from the template of total RNA using the primer designed according to the DNA sequence of Eg95, the gene was cloned into Escherichia coli-Bifutobacteria(E.coli-Bb) shuttle plasmid pGEX-1λT and transformed into E.coli BL2 (DE3) competent cell to construct recombinant plasmid pGEX-Eg95 using BamH Ⅰ and EcoR Ⅰ, the recombinant plasmid was identified by restriction endonuclease digestion, then was electroporated into Bb to construct rBb-Eg95 vaccine, the vaccine was identified by PCR. Results Four hundred and seventy-one bp Eg95 gene was amplified by RT-PCR, the products of restriction endonuclease digestion were the same as expected(471 bp Eg95 gene and 4947 bp pGEX-1λT), 471 bp Eg95 gene fragment was amplified by PCR from the template of pGEX-Eg95 extracted from rBb vaccine. Conclusion rBb-Eg95 vaccine of Eg is successfully constructed, which lays the theoretical foundation for exploitation and utilization of this vaccine.