Humans ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases ; antagonists & inhibitors

Objective To investigate the changes of the constitution and its ratio of collagen fiber in the process of masseter reattachment following different osteotomies of the prominent mandibular angle so as to offer guidance for the resection of mandibular angle. Methods Sixteen adult goats were randomized into four groups. In group A we performed unilateral curved osteotomy of the mandibular angle. In group B unilateral curved ostectomy was performed with partial masseter resection. In group C unilateral angle splitting ostectomy, while in group D unilateral dissection of the masseter muscle was conducted. The constitution and its ratio of collagen fiber in the interface were observed at 1-month, 2-month, 3-month, and 6-month after operation. Results On the changes of collagen fiber in the process of muscular reattachment, at 1-month post-operation, the constitution of collagen fiber (types Ⅰ and Ⅲ) in groups A and B were significantly different from that of control group (P<0.05). However, both groups C and D had no statistic difference from control group (P>0.05). At 2-month, 3-month and 6-month post-operation, those of all experimental groups had no statistic difference from control group. And with time, the percentage of collagen fiber type Ⅰ increased and type Ⅲ decreased gradually. Conclusion The recovery sequences of masseter muscle reattachment in this study are firstly group C, secondly group A and finally group B. It suggests that the recoveries of mastication and other oral activities are different. Group B turns out to be with a slow muscle reattachment. Thus, we recommend treating different kinds of mandibular hypertrophy with different ostectomies.

Objctive To search for the therapeutic method of children's nephrotic syndrome.Methods Sixty-six cases oe children's nephrotic syndrome were randomly divided into 2 groups,impulsion group (34 cases) and control group (32 cases). Dexamethasone (1．5~3 )/mg (kg?d) added into (100~150)ml 10%GS solution, intravenous drip in impulsion group, one time a day, totat 3 days, the fourth day stoped. The fifth day started again and used one time evcry two days, total 6 times. Prednisone(1．5~3)mg/(kg?d) were taken next day and total 4 weeks, then grandually decreased the dose. Only prodnisone was used in control group, the method and dose were the same as impulsion group.Results Complete remission. partial remission inefficacy ere 23, 7 and 4 cases respectiye1y in impulsion group and 22, 5 and 5 cases respectively in control group, the effective rates of the 2 group are 88．23%and 84．38% (P＞0．05). The times of state of illness stabilization are respectively 11．3?7．2 and 10．48?6．34 months in the 2 groups. The side effect of impulsion group is bigger than that of control group.Conclusion Children's primary nephrotic syndrome should be treated for 8 weeks by routine hormone induction therapy, if no remission, impulsion therapy could be used.

Abstract: Objective To explore the correlation between lung function in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) levels in exhaled breath condensate (EBC), and to provide a convenient methodological basis for the diagnosis and treatment of COPD and the determination of its efficacy. Methods A total of 81 COPD patients and 40 healthy controls were selected from the respiratory department of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from August 2020 to February 2022 as the research subjects. The COPD patients were divided into 41 cases in the acute exacerbation group and 40 cases in the remission group according to their status. All participants underwent lung function detection, venous blood and EBC collection, and the levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in EBC and venous blood were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and correlation analysis was performed by Pearson correlation analysis method. Results The levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in EBC of in the acute exacerbation group, the healthy control group, the remission group were (5.16±0.18) pg/μL and (7.75±0.27) pg/μL, (2.66±0.31) pg/μL and (2.41±0.24） pg/μL, (3.61±0.29) pg/μL and (3.17±0.38) pg/μL, respectively. Compared with the healthy control group, the levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in EBC in the COPD acute exacerbation group were significantly higher than those in the healthy control group and the COPD remission group (F=9.451, 8.217, P<0.001). Serum tests were consistent with this result. Correlation analysis showed that the levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in EBC were significantly positively correlated with the level of serum inflammation levels (P<0.001), while significantly negatively correlated with lung function (P<0.001).  Conclusions TNF-α and IL-1β in EBC are potential biomarkers of inflammation in patients with COPD, and their detection can be used to effectively assess lung function in patients with COPD. 

Objective To explore the diagnostic value of endoscopic ultrasonography(EUS)for the minimal submucosal invasion of early gastrointestinal tumor. Methods A total of 242 patients with early gastrointestinal tumor,who underwent endoscopic submucosal dissection,were retrospectively analyzed. The accuracy of EUS diagnosis was calculated based on postoperative histopathological findings as the golden standard,and influencing factors were also analyzed. Results Overall diagnostic accuracy of EUS for sub-mucosal invasion of early gastrointestinal tumors was 72. 3%(175/ 242),with an overstaging rate of 21. 5%(52/ 242)and an understaging rate of 6. 2%(15/ 242).Tumor size(P = 0. 018)and location(P = 0. 005) had significant effects on the diagnostic accuracy of the minimal submucosal invasion of early gastrointestinal tumor by EUS. The overstaging rate in the lesion length of diameter>3 cm was higher than those of 3 cm or less[27. 0%(33/ 122)VS 15. 8%(19/ 120),P = 0. 807],the overstaging rates of early colonrectal and gastric cancer were also significantly higher than the understaging rate[ Colonrectum:12. 2%(9/ 74)VS 2. 7%(2/ 74),P= 0. 028;Stomach:26. 9%(28/ 104)VS 2. 9%(3/ 104),P = 0. 000]. Conclusion Endoscopic ultrasonography is of diagnostic value for the invasion depth of early cancer in gastrointestinal tract. However,precaution should be taken in large lesions and the tendency of overstaging in gastrointestinal tract.

Objective:To investigate the effect of metformin and arsenic trioxide on KG1a cells proliferation of acute myeloid leukemia and its possible mechanism.Methods:CCK-8 method was used to detect the killing effect of metformin,arsenic trioxide and combined application on KG1a cells.Annexin V-FITC/P1 Dual Stain Flow Cytometry was used to detect the effect of combined application on apoptosis of KG1 a cells.Western blot was used to detect the expression of intracellular apoptosis-,autophagy-related protein.Results:Metformin and arsenic trioxide alone or in combination could inhibit the proliferation of KG1 a cells and induce apoptosis of KG1 a cells,and the proliferation inhibition rate and apoptosis rate in the combined drug group were higher than those in the drug group alone(P＜0.05).The combination of drugs induced upregulation of Caspase 8 protein and P62 protein expression and was higher than that in the drug group alone(P＜0.05).Conclusion:Metformin can synergize with arsenic trioxide to kill KG1a cells,and its mechanism of action may be related to inducing apoptosis and enhancing autophagy.

In this study, five rhesus macaques were inoculated intravenously with SIVmac251 to establish a model of simian autoimmune deficiency syndrome (SAIDS). Peripheral blood samples were collected at different time points to monitor changes in the total T cell number and T lymphocyte subset. Plasma viral loads, cytokine expression levels and anti-SIV antibody levels were also assayed to acquire certain basic indexes to evaluate disease progression in the rhesus macaque SAIDS model. During the acute stage of infection, plasma viral loads reached a peak at week 1 post-inoculation and lasted for approximately 3 to 44 weeks. The CD3+ CD4+ T lymphocyte count in peripheral blood also transitorily decreased. During the same period, the level of interferon-gamma show an increasing trend, whereas IL-12 levels decreased; IL-2, IL-4, IL-10 and TNF-alpha were maintained at normal levels or could not be detected. During the asymptomatic and ARC phases, plasma viral loads persisted above 10(4) RNA copies/mL and either increased or declined during the later stages of disease; CD3+ CD4+ counts showed a steadily declining trend and the ratio of CD4 to CD8 decreased during late-stage disease. Moreover, antibodies against viral proteins were detected in the plasma and showed a significant increasing trend, while there were no apparently changes in the levels of IFN-gamma, IL-12, IL-2, IL-4, IL-10 and TNF-alpha. In conclusion, the characteristics of the SIV animal models in our study are similar to those of patients with AIDS. Therefore, the rhesus macaque SIVmac251 infection models can be applied for further studies into AIDS.
Animals ; Antibodies, Viral ; blood ; CD4 Lymphocyte Count ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; virology ; Cytokines ; genetics ; immunology ; Disease Models, Animal ; HIV Infections ; genetics ; immunology ; virology ; HIV-1 ; physiology ; Humans ; Macaca mulatta ; Male ; Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; genetics ; immunology ; virology ; Simian Immunodeficiency Virus ; physiology ; Viral Load

Objectives To investigate the changes in the masseter muscle following osteotomy of the prominent mandibular angle using real-time three-dimensional (3D) ultrasonography, and to supply guidance for resection of the mandibular angle. Methods Real-time 3D ultrasonography was applied preand post-operatively (over a 6-month follow-up period) to 10 patients who underwent curved osteotomy with the following objectives: (1) to reconstruct the morphological changes of the masseter under different conditions; (2) to assess masseter muscle volume changes, and (3) to obtain the dynamic morphological changes of masseter during mouth opening and closing. Results The reconstructed 3D images revealed that longitudinal diameters of masseter muscle decreased and angle regions changed to be arc-shaped with significant thinning 6 months after operation. The mean volume of masseter muscle was (18. 222 ±3. 028) cm36 months post-operatively, compared with the pre-operation mass of (25. 480 ± 7. 113) cm3,the statistical difference was significant (P＜0.01). Transverse and longitudinal changes of the thickest masseter muscle section 6 months post-operatively were of no statistic difference (P＞0. 01) compared with pre-operation status during mouth opening and closing motions. Conclusion A certain extent of atrophy occurs primarily in the angle region of masseter muscle after mandibular angle ostectomy. However, these changes do not significantly impair masseter muscle function. Real-time 3D ultrasonography offers a novel, safe, and convenient technique for masseter muscle reconstruction and observation of masseter muscle movement.

Objective To investigate the changes of the masseter muscle following osteotomy of the prominent mandibular angle and to provide guidance for the resection of mandibular angle. Methods Ten goats were equally divided into two groups. In group A we performed unilateral curved osteotomy of the mandibular angle, and in group B we performed unilateral dissection of the masseter muscle. The cross section area (CSA) and the sarcomere length of masseter muscle were measured beore and after operation. Results (1) Cross section area (CSA) of masseter muscle fiber in curved ostectomy group decreased at 1,2, 3 and 6 months after operation in different extent. Comparing with the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). CSA of masseter muscle fiber in dissection group decreased 1 month postoperatively, which had significantly statistic difference with control group (P<0.01). But, they had no significant difference with control group at 2, 3, and 6 months after operation (P>0.01). (2) Sarcomere length of masseter muscle in curved ostectomy group decreased in 1 week, 1 and 2 months after operation, which had significantly statistic difference with control group (P<0.01). At 3 months after operation, sarcomere length recovered to normal. In dissection group, sarcomere length decreased in 1 week and 1 month after operation, which had significantly statistic difference with control group (P<0.01). At 2 month after operation, it recovered to normal. Conclusion Certain extent of atrophy does happen to masseter muscle after mandibular angle ostectomy. Meanwhile, these changes do not significantly impair the function of masseter muscle. According to this, we suggest a simple mandibular angle ostectomy without partial resection of masseter muscle in case of mild to morderate mandibular angle hypertrophy. Doing so, we can not only achieve the cosmetic effect but also reduce the implications.

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