This article introduced the development and application effect appraisal of Microbial Engineering CAI courseware for bio-engineering specialization. The courseware focuses on knowledge system integrity, content-rich and gives prominence to the key points. Pictures, animation and video, and audio effects are also utilized appropriately to achieving stimulate students interest in learning and then improve teaching and learning performance. The courseware concentrates on core content of the course, such as fermentation parameters detection and automatic control, and fermentation equipments. The courseware was manufactured using the Powerpoint software. Animation was established with Flash 4 software and the scanning pattern was edited using Adobe photoshop. And chapters of the courseware were composed and administrated using Courseware Master Software. A two-year survey showed that 85% of students satisfied with this courseware.

Bacillus cereus B-04 antagonist to Botrytis cinerea were isolated from samples of tomato soil infected by Botrytis cinerea in Zibo, which are identified through a series of morphological and biochemical characteristics and the sequence of 16SrDNA. Aiming at enhancing the inhibitory effect of this strain, a 4.1kb DNA fragment containing ?-1,3-glucanases gene from pUC1940 was inserted into vector pBE2 and pHY300PLK to construct recombination plasmids, PBE2-glu and pHY300PLK-glu, which were transferred into Bacillus cereus B-04, resulting in a new strain named B-04-glu. Restriction enzyme digestion and ?-1,3-glucanases plate culture confirmed that B-04-glu contained a functional ?-1,3-glucanases gene. Compared to the wild strain B-04, B-04-glu had an increased inhibitory effect against Botrytis cinerea on tomato.

Objective To detect the expression level of Taurine up?regulated gene 1( TUG1) in the re?nal cell carcinoma and paired paracancerous normal tissues,then explore the relationships between the expression level of TUG1 and clinical characteristics.Methods RNA was Extacted from the resected renal cell carcinoma tissues and paired paracancerous normal tissues of 46 patients respectively,by reverse transcription to get cDNA, the expression level of the TUG1 was detected by RT?qPCR, the relationship between the expression level of TUG1 and the clinicopathological characteristics was analyzed by statistically software. Results The expression of TUG1 in renal cell carcinoma was obviously lower than that in paired paracancerous normal tissues(0.533±0. 027 vs. 1.000±0.298,t=-3.350,P<0.01).The△CT value of Tug1 in 46 cases of renal cell carcinoma after log?arithmic transformation,the minimum value was -5.535,maximum was 3.085,average value was -0.908,with the average of -0.908 as a dividing line,46 cases of renal cell carcinoma with 25 cases (54.34%) were down regulated the expression.The expression level of TUG1 of patients with renal carcinoma have no significant corre?lation with age,sex,type of renal cell carcinoma,TNM staging and UICC/AJCC staging(P>0.05).Conclusion The expression of TUG1 in renal cell carcinoma tissues are down?regulated,which also suggest that it may be re?lated to the tumorigenesis and development of renal cell carcinoma.

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of L.F04, the active fraction of Lycopus lucidus, on erythrocytes rheological property so as to investigate its mechanism in promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis.

METHODThe effects of L.F04 (used for treatment for 10 days in different dosages) on deformability, aggregation and membrane liquidity of erythrocytes (MLE) as well as whole blood apparent viscosity (eta(b)) were examined on the basis of rat model of blood-stasis syndrome induced by venous injection of high molecular weight dextran.

RESULTAs compared with the normal control group, the model group's RBC deformability and MLE were lower, and the aggregation of erythrocytes and eta(b) were higher. Compared with the model group, both L.F04 0.612 g/kg and 0.306 g/kg showed significant effect in improving deformability and inhibiting aggregation of red blood cells (RBC) and reducing blood viscosity. The trend of improving MLE was also shown.

CONCLUSIONL.F04 could significantly improve the abnormal rheological property of erythrocytes.

Animals ; Blood Viscosity ; drug effects ; Dextrans ; pharmacology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Erythrocyte Aggregation ; drug effects ; Erythrocyte Deformability ; drug effects ; Hemorheology ; Hemostasis ; drug effects ; Lycopus ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Space Flight

Human-animal parasitic diseases caused by medical helminths are hazardous to human health. Genetic polymorphism studies on medical helminth populations can not only understand the biological characteristics and genetic structure of their populations, but also help reveal how they adapt to their parasitic environment, thus contributing to deepen our understanding of the epidemiological patterns of parasitic diseases and improve our understanding of accurate prevention and control of parasitic diseases. With the development of molecular biology, molecular markers such as DNA barcodes, simple sequence repeats, and single nucleotide polymorphism markers have been widely used to study the genetic relationships among parasite populations and individuals, and to reveal the genetic variation of parasite populations and the evolution of species origins. In this paper, we systematically review the application of three molecular markers commonly used in the study of genetic polymorphism in medical helminths, with a view to laying the foundation for related research.

Objective To investigate the level of urokinase-type plasminogen activator(uPA)and urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor(uPAR)in synovial fluid of patients with temporomandibular disorders and to analyze their relation with temporomandibular disorders(TMD).Methods Synovial fluid was obtained from 64 sides of 56 TMD patients and from 16 sides of 10 asymptomatic healthy volunteers(control).The concentrations of uPA and uPAR in the synovial fluid were measured by ELISA.Forty-eight sides of TMD were divided into 3 groups:arthrosis,structure disorder and osteoarthrosis,each including 16 sides.Resuits The levels of uPA and uPAR were significantly higher in the synovial fluid of TMD patients than that in the control group(P＜0.05),and the level of uPA and uPAR in osteoarthrosis group was significantly higher than that in arthrosis and structure disorder group(P＜0.05).However,there was no difference in expression of uPA and uPAR between arthrosis and structure disorder groups(P＞0.05).Conclusions uPA and uPAR in the synovial fluid may play a role in the pathogenesis of TMD.and the lever of uPA and uPAR in synovial fluid of TMD could be used as a biochemical markers to reflect pathological degree of TMD.

OBJECTIVEChildren aged 3 - 6 years in the urban areas of China were surveyed for the first time to find out the state of child neglect (CN) as well as the major relevant risk factors so as to provide evidence for developing intervention measures.

METHODS1163 children (of whom 49.6% were males and 4.5% were minority nationality) were randomly sampled under multistage stratification, from 25 cities which representing 15 provinces of China. Based on the Child Neglect Norms used by China, prevalence of CN was identified and SPSS-Windows 11.0 was employed for statistical analysis. Scores, frequency/degrees, age, sex and 5 types (physical, emotional, educational, medical and safety) of CN on every group of the regions, were calculated. Multifactorial analysis was conducted through Binary Logistic Regression and multiple linear regression to determine the relevant risk factors.

RESULTS(1) The average degree of CN for the 3 - 6 year-olds was 42.2, with its prevalence as 28.0%. Degrees of CN for the groups of 3, 4, 5, 6-year-olds were 41.7, 42.2, 42.1 and 43.1 (F = 0.988, P > 0.05), with frequencies of 25.0%, 25.3%, 27.9% and 35.4% (chi(2) = 4.798, P > 0.05), respectively. Degrees for CN in males and females were 42.7 and 41.8 (F = 2.502, P > 0.05) with the frequencies as 32.6% and 23.7% (chi(2) = 6.585, P < 0.05), respectively. Degrees of CN for the five types were 39.4-43.4 with the frequencies as 5.1%-12.9%, respectively. No significant difference was found in the frequency of the types (with an exception on 'physical neglect') between males and females (P > 0.05). The highest frequency (42.9%) of CN was seen in the single-parent families and the lowest in large family with three generations (25.5%). (2) According to monofactorial chi(2) test, the possible risk factors of CN would include: educational background, occupation and decrease of income of the parents during last year, etc. (3) Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that the influential factors to the occurrence of CN would include: father's educational background, sex of the child and mother's occupation, etc. (4) Multiple linear regression showed that the influential factors to the degree of CN were: family structure, number of supporting family members, relationship between parents and children, etc.

CONCLUSIONThe degree and frequency of CN among children aged 3 to 6 in the urban areas of China were high but similar among the four age groups. Male children had a higher frequency of neglect than females, but with similar degree. Children in single-parent families had the highest frequency. The major influential factors of CN would include: educational background, occupation, family structure, family income of the parents which were similar to the results reported from foreign literature.

Child ; Child Abuse ; statistics & numerical data ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Parenting ; Parents ; psychology ; Social Class ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Urban Population

This study was to establish the episomal vector reprogramming method to reprogram iPSC from human cord blood (CB) CD34(+) cells. The non-integrating plasmids of pEB-C5 and pEB-Tg were transfected into short-term cultured CB CD34(+) cells by using the nucleofector, so as to demonstrate efficient reprogramming of CB CD34(+) cells. Within 14 days of one-time transfection by two plasmids together, up to 200 iPSC-like colonies per 2 million transfected CB CD34(+) cells were generated. The results showed that the pluripotency of iPSC-derived CB CD34(+) cells was similar to that of hESC and the karyotypes of iPSC were normal. In addition, no vector integration was found in iPSC of 9th and 10th passages. Furthermore, hiPSC formed teratoma with three embryonic germ layers. It is concluded that the integration-free method to generate human iPSC from CB CD34(+) cells is reliable and can provide new ways for both research and future clinical applications.
Animals ; Antigens, CD34 ; immunology ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Cells, Cultured ; Cellular Reprogramming ; Fetal Blood ; cytology ; immunology ; Fibroblasts ; cytology ; Humans ; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells ; cytology ; Mice ; Plasmids

OBJECTIVETo explore the distribution characteristics of the types of M protein gene (emm) in group A streptococcus (GAS) isolated from children in Beijing in the year 2011.

METHODSDuring May to July in 2011, a total of 3315 patients who were diagnosed scarlet fever or pharyngeal infection by doctors in pediatric outpatient and emergency units of 36 hospitals, were selected as subjects. Their throat swab samples were collected and isolated the strains of GAS. Gene emm was then amplified and sequenced by PCR method, and the differences in types of gene emm between different populations and diseases were compared.

RESULTSA total of 633 strains of GAS were isolated from the 3315 throat swab samples, 610 strains out of which were gene emm positive and were recruited in the study. Out of the 610 recruited strains, 448 (73.4%) were isolated from scarlet fever patients, the other 162 (26.6%) were isolated from pharyngeal infection patients; 397 (65.1%) were from urban, the other 213 (34.9%) were from suburb; 240 (39.4%) were from patients aging between 1 - 5 years old, the other 369(60.6%) were from patients aging 6 - 18 years old. A total of 8 types of gene emm (scarlet fever: 6 types, pharyngeal infection: 4 types) and 21 subtypes of gene emn (scarlet fever: 16 subtypes, pharyngeal infection: 10 subtypes) were identified. Three new subtypes were found in the study, naming emm1.63, emm12.62 and st5144.20. Among them, emm1.63 was found both in scarlet fever and pharyngeal infection patients, while emm12.62 and st5144. 20 were only found in pharyngeal infection patients. Among all the types of gene-emm, emm12 accounted for the highest percentage as 80.5% (491/610) and then followed by emm1 (18.0% (110/610)). Among all the subtypes, the dominant subtype was emm12.00, accounting for 69.0% (421/610), following by emm1.00 (16.9% (103/610)) and emm12.19 (6.1% (37/610)). All the above types and subtypes of gene emm were the most prevalent strains in scarlet fever patients and pharyngeal infection patients. Significant differences in the distribution of prevalent strains were observed among various aging patients and regions. The constituent ratios of emm1, emm1.00 and emm12.19 were higher in patients from suburb (emm1: 22.1% (47/213), emm1.00: 19.2% (40/213), emm12.19: 8.0% (17/213)) than those in urban areas (emm1: 15.9% (63/397), emm1.00: 15.6% (62/397), emm12.19: 5.0% (20/397)). The difference showed statistical significance (P < 0.05). The constituent ratio of emm1.00 was higher among patients aging 6-18 years old (19.2% (71/369)) than those aging 1 - 5 years old (13.3% (32/240)). The difference also showed statistical significance (χ(2) = 8.45, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONAmong the types of gene emm in GAS isolated from children in Beijing in year 2011, the most prevalent two were emm12 and emm1, and the most prevalent emm subtypes were emm12.00, emm1.00 and emm12.19. A significant difference in their distribution between various aging patients and isolated places can be obviously found.

Adolescent ; Antigens, Bacterial ; classification ; genetics ; Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins ; classification ; genetics ; Carrier Proteins ; classification ; genetics ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Female ; Genes, Bacterial ; Genotype ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Streptococcus pyogenes ; genetics ; isolation & purification

OBJECTIVEThis study attempted to explore the value of combining serum hepatic fibrosis-related markers and ultrasound parameters together on diagnosis of hepatic fibrosis.

METHODSSix serum markers and 8 ultrasound parameters were measured from 100 patients with chronic hepatitis B or cirrhosis. The results of the serum hepatic fibrosis-related markers and ultrasound in disease group were analyzed and compared with the findings of hepatic pathology.

RESULTSBy filtrating,the group of platelet derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) plus hyaluronic acid (HA) plus echo characteristics of liver parenchyma (LPEC) plus length of spleen (SL) had the highest Se and Spe, which were 90.7% and 85.4% respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe advantageous combination of serum markers and ultrasound parameters can significantly improve Se and Spe, which is superior to any single serum index or ultrasound parameter. And it was a better non-invasive method for diagnosing hepatic fibrosis.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Alanine Transaminase ; blood ; Biomarkers ; blood ; Collagen Type III ; blood ; Female ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; blood ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Hyaluronic Acid ; blood ; Liver Cirrhosis ; blood ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Platelet-Derived Growth Factor ; analysis ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-sis ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 ; blood ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; blood ; Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color ; methods ; Young Adult