OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of the anticoagulants on PRP quality, so as to clarify the appropriate anticoagulant used in PRP production.

METHODSThe microstructure change of platelets collected via heparin, citrate, acid citrate dextrose (ACD) and citrate-theophylline-adenosine-dipyridamole ( CTAD) was observed by TEM following time course. The extent of spontaneous activation of platelets in four groups was detected by measuring sP-selectin in plasma. The TGF-β1 release amount of activated PRP of four groups was measured.

RESULTSCTAD is superior to other anticoagulants in maintaining the integrity of platelet structures for a long time and preventing platelet spontaneous activation. ACD slightly surpassed heparin and citrate in above two aspects. ACD-PRP and CTAD-PRP released significantly more TGF-β1 compared with heparin and citrate.

CONCLUSIONSThe PRP quality and biological effects were strongly associated with the type of Anticoagulants. ACD and CTAD are optimal anticoagulants in PRP production for they can maintain platelet viability at a high level.

Adenosine ; pharmacology ; Anticoagulants ; pharmacology ; Blood Platelets ; drug effects ; physiology ; Citrates ; pharmacology ; Citric Acid ; pharmacology ; Dipyridamole ; pharmacology ; Drug Combinations ; Glucose ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Heparin ; pharmacology ; Platelet Activation ; drug effects ; Platelet-Rich Plasma ; Theophylline ; pharmacology ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; metabolism

Carcinoma, Medullary ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; pathology ; radiotherapy ; surgery ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Keratins ; metabolism ; Kidney Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; pathology ; radiotherapy ; surgery ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasms, Squamous Cell ; pathology ; Nephrectomy ; Radiotherapy, Adjuvant

Breast Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Leiomyosarcoma ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Middle Aged ; Skin Neoplasms ; pathology ; secondary

Objective To develop a convenient method efficiently expands the frequency of specific CTLS.Methods We used different concentrations of CMV-speeific epitope peptides pp65 to stimulate PBMCs for expansion of CMV-specific CTLs.CMV-specifie CTLs were doubly labeled by tetramers-PE and CD_8-FITC for FACS analysis.Results The method expands CMV-speeific CTLs efficiently.CMV-specific CTLs were expanded from 1% to 20% of PBMCs quickly(namely 40% of CD_8~+ T cells).The method provided a large number of cells with tetramer staining of CD_8~+ T cells for FACS analysis from a single blood sampling.Conclusions Peptides stimulation methods are convenient,easy to operate and expanded CMV- specific CTLs efficiently.The increased frequencies of CMV-specific CTLs allowed the data of different individuals to be easily compared and sequentially evaluated.The methods lay the base for adoptive immunotherapy to prevent CMV disease.

Objective To evaluate therapeutic effects and toxicity of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)treated by combining chemotherapy on ifosfamide(IFO)and vinorelbine(NVB).Methods 107 cases pa- tients with advanced NSCLC were enrolled.IFO was given in a dosage of 1.5g/m~2 on day 1 to 4.and NVB in a dosage of 25mg/m~2 on day 1 and 8.It was repeated every three or four weeks,up to two to four cycles.Results Two patients had complete response and 40 patients had partial response.The overall response rate was 47.7% ,the median survival time 10.3 months,1-year and 2-year survival rate was 42% and 12.3%,respectively.The main toxicity was bone marrow suppression.Conclusion The regimen is effective,sale and tolerable in advanced non- small cell lung cancer therapy.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the feasibility of one-staged treatment of large skin lesions by excision combined with liposuction.

METHODS40 skin lesions in 35 cases, which were located at upper arm, thigh, abdomen, lumbus or buttocks, were excised after liposuction at the anatomic sites around the lesion. The wounds were closed by advancing the sliding flaps resulted from liposuction. The operative location was dressed with pressure. The patients were visited on the 7th-14th day, 3rd month and 6th month.

RESULTSAll the 40 skin lesions were excised completely and covered with sliding flaps with primary healing. All the flaps survived with no infection, necrosis or wound dehiscence. The skin after liposuction was smooth with improvement of body shape.

CONCLUSIONSThe sliding flaps have good mobility after liposuction. The wound after excision of skin lesion can be easily closed by advancing the sliding flaps with good cosmetic and functional results. The lesion should be located at sites with fat accumulation and should not be too large in size.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Lipectomy ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Skin Diseases ; surgery ; Surgical Flaps ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

The hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) is a central site for integration of the endocrine system and the autonomic nervous system. Despite a number of studies have pointed out the importance of the PVN in the central regulation of cardiovascular functions, the chemical mediators in the PVN responsible for mediating baroreflex are not well understood. In the present study, we used the conscious rats to investigate the possible involvement of glycine (Gly) in PVN in the central regulation of baroreflex induced by intravenous injection of phenylephrine (0.8 mug/0.04 mL, in 3 min). Then, the microdialysis sampling was performed in the PVN and the concentration of Gly in the microdialysate was measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) combined with electrochemical techniques, and mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) were recorded simultaneously. Injection of phenylephrine elicited a significant increase (P<0.01) in MAP from the baseline of (99.5+/-14.2) mmHg to the maximum of (149.8+/-19.5) mmHg and a decrease (P<0.01) in HR from the baseline of (400.8+/-33.1) beats/min to the minimum of (273.4+/-40.8) beats/min, respectively. Synchronously, the injection of phenylephrine increased the level of Gly in the microdialysate from the PVN to (162.9+/-27.3)% of the basal level (P<0.05). Perfusion of strychnine (100 mumol/L), an antagonist of Gly receptor, into the PVN enhanced the pressor response and attenuated the bradycardic response during the baroreflex, resulting in a decrease in baroreflex sensitivity (P<0.001). Whereas, the perfusion of Gly (1 mmol/L) into the PVN did not affect the pressor response but enhanced the bradycardic response during the baroreflex, resulting in an increase in baroreflex sensitivity (P<0.001). These results suggest that endogenous Gly in the PVN may act via strychnine-sensitive Gly receptor to produce a facilitative effect on baroreflex.
Animals ; Baroreflex ; drug effects ; Glycine ; pharmacology ; Heart Rate ; Microinjections ; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus ; physiology ; Phenylephrine ; pharmacology ; Rats

AIMTo investigate the possible involvement of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) in cardiovascular responses induced by central salt loading.

METHODSDirect perfusion into PVN region with hypertonic saline (0.6 mol/L) was performed in conscious rats by using an in vivo brain microdialysis technique. Then, the extracellular concentration of GABA in the PVN region was measured by microdialysis and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) techniques, and the blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) were with recorded simultaneously. Bicuculline (an antagonist of GABAA receptor) or saclofen (an antagonist of GABAB receptor) were coperfused hypertonic saline into PVN region, then the cardiovascular responses were examined.

RESULTS(1) The local perfusion of 0.6 mol/L saline elicited significant increases on BP and HR (P < 0.01). In addition, perfusion of 0.6 mol/L saline increased the extracellular GABA levels in the PVN region, which reached 561.96% +/- 173.96% (P < 0.05) of the basal level. (2) Bicuculline or salcofen significantly attenuated the in-response of BP (P < 0.01, respectively), whereas the antagonists did not influence the response of HR induced by hypertonic saline.

CONCLUSIONLocal perfusion of hypertonic saline in the PVN region elicits a local release of GABA, which may act via GABA(A) and GABA(B) receptors to produce pressor response.

Animals ; Blood Pressure ; drug effects ; physiology ; Male ; Microdialysis ; methods ; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus ; metabolism ; physiology ; Pressoreceptors ; drug effects ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Saline Solution, Hypertonic ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of large-volume liposuction on adipokines, inflammatory markers and insulin resistance and its significance.

METHODSThe levels of serum adiponectin, resistin, IL-6, TNF-alpha, CRP and insulin sensitivity were measured pre- and 3 months postoperatively in 16 consecutive patients undergoing liposuction.

RESULTSThe adiponectin postoperative [(5.56 +/- 1.03) ng/ml] was significantly higher than the preoperative [(6.54 +/- 1.27) ng/ml] (P<0.05); the resistin postoperative [(6.30 +/- 3.25) pg/ml] is significantly lower than the preoperative [(5.18 +/- 2.28) pg/ml] (P<0.05); the insulin sensitivity postoperative (-3.78 +/- 0.39) significantly increased compared to the preoperative (-3.48 +/- 0.32, P<0.05); the TNF-alpha postoperative [(0.19 +/- 0.02) pg/ml] significantly increased compared to the preoperative [(0.23 +/- 0.03) pg/ml, P<0.01]; the postoperative IL-6 [(0.27 +/- 0.04) pg/ml] was similar to the preoperative [(0.31 +/- 0.06) pg/ml, P >0.05]; the postoperative CRP [(8.03 +/- 6.01) mg/L] was not significantly different with the preoperative [(7.28 +/- 6.21) mg/L, P>0.05].

CONCLUSIONSLarge-volume liposuction has good effect on insulin resistance and adipokines.

Adipokines ; blood ; Adiponectin ; blood ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Insulin Resistance ; Interleukin-6 ; blood ; Lipectomy ; Lipid Metabolism ; Middle Aged ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; blood

The present study was aimed to explore the expressions of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and Snail1 in renal tissues of diabetic rats, and their role in tubular epithelial-mesenchymal transition (TEMT). Induced diabetic rats were randomly divided into 2-, 4-, 8-, 12-, 16-, 20-, 24-week and 16wA, 20wA, 24wA groups. The rats in 16wA, 20wA and 24wA groups were treated with insulin to control blood glucose to the normal level from the 13th week. The age-matched rats were set as controls. Blood glucose, 24-hour urine protein, serum creatinine (Scr), kidney index of rats were measured. PAS staining was used to observe the renal pathological changes. Immunohistochemical staining and (or) Western blot were employed to determine the expressions of TGF-β1, Snail1, E-cadherin, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and fibronectin (FN) proteins. The expressions of Snail1 and E-cadherin mRNAs in renal cortex were examined by RT-PCR. Blood glucose, 24-hour urine protein, Scr and kidney index increased remarkably in diabetic rats as compared with those in the control groups (P<0.05, P<0.01) and insulin-treated rats (P<0.01). TGF-β1 and Snail1 protein expressions could not be detected by immunohistochemical staining in the normal renal tissues, however, the strongly positive staining was observed in diabetic rat renal tubules. A time-dependent loss of TGF-β1 and Snail1 expressions was detected in the kidney of insulin-treated rats. In diabetic rats tubular α-SMA positive staining was seen at the 16th week. E-cadherin expression was lost in diabetic rats. The expressions of TGF-β1, Snail1 proteins and Snail1 mRNA were significantly up-regulated in diabetic rats, while down-regulated in insulin-treated rats (P<0.01). The expressions of E-cadherin protein and mRNA in the cortex were contrary to the expressions of TGF-β1 and Snail1. Therefore, TGF-β1 and Snail1 are possibly involved in the pathogenesis of TEMT in diabetic nephropathy rats.
Animals ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; metabolism ; Diabetic Nephropathies ; metabolism ; Down-Regulation ; Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition ; Kidney ; pathology ; Kidney Tubules ; metabolism ; Rats ; Snail Family Transcription Factors ; Transcription Factors ; metabolism ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; metabolism