Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy ofβ-lactam combined with macrolides antibiotics in treatment of severe community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in children. Methods Children with severe CAP on admission between 2012 February and 2012 April were divided into treatment group and control group. With the same symptom specific supportive treat-ment, the patients in the treatment group were treated with both cefmetazole and azithromycin, while the patients in the control group were treated with cefmetazole alone. The total effective rate, number of days of symptoms and signs disappeared and num-ber of days of hospitalization were observed. Results The total effective rate was 87.8%in the trearment group and 61.3%in the control group with significant difference (P<0.05). Compared with control group, the recovery time of temperature, time of pulmonary rale disappearing and cough retraction were reduced (P<0.05). As well as the number of days of hospitalization was decreased (P<0.05). Conclusions The treatment of severe CAP in children with combination of azithromycin and cefmetazole results in better curative effect. A combined medication ofβ-lactam and macrolides antibiotics may be rational and effective.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the clinical significance of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-reverse dot blot (RDB) human papillomavirus (HPV) genotyping assay in cervical cancer screening. METHODS: A total of 10,442 women attending the Fujian Provincial Maternity and Children's Health Hospital were evaluated using the liquid-based cytology (thinprep cytologic test [TCT]) and the PCR-RDB HPV test. Women with HPV infection and/or abnormal cytology were referred for colposcopy and biopsy. For HPV DNA sequencing, 120 specimens were randomly selected. Pathological diagnosis was used as the gold standard. RESULTS: Using the PCR-RDB HPV test, overall HPV prevalence was 20.57% (2,148/10,442) and that of high-risk (HR)-HPV infection was 18.68% (1,951/10,442). There was 99.2% concordance between HPV PCR-RDB testing and sequencing. In this studied population, the most common HR-HPV types were HPV-16, -52, -58, -18, -53, -33, and -51, rank from high to low. HPV-16, -18, -58, -59, and -33 were the top 5 prevalent genotypes in cervical cancer but HPV-16, -18, -59, -45, and -33 were the top 5 highest risk factors for cancer (odds ratio [OR]=34.964, 7.278, 6.728, 6.101, and 3.658; all p<0.05, respectively). Among 10,442 cases, 1,278 had abnormal cytology results, of which, the HR-HPV positivity rate was 83.02% (1,061/1,278). To screen for cervical cancer by PCR-RDB HPV testing, when using CIN2+, CIN3+, and cancer as observed endpoints, the sensitivity was 90.43%, 92.61%, and 94.78% and the negative predictive value (NPV) was 99.06%, 99.42%, and 99.78%, respectively. PCR-RDB HPV and TCT co-testing achieved the highest sensitivity and NPV. CONCLUSION: For cervical cancer screening, the PCR-RDB HPV test can provide a reliable and sensitive clinical reference.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group* ; Biopsy ; Child Health ; Colposcopy ; Diagnosis ; Early Detection of Cancer ; Female ; Genotype ; Human papillomavirus 16 ; Humans* ; Mass Screening ; Papillomaviridae ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms