Objective:To investigate the TCM pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease(PD).Methods: Correlation of kidney deficiency and blood stasis and invasion of PD is analyzed based on such points as age of onset,symptoms,location,course of disease,mechanism of molecular biology and treatment.Results: It proved that deficiency of kidney and debility of marrow is the internal condition,and blood stasis is the necessary factor.Pathogenesis of PD includes the characteristic of kidney deficiency and blood stasis,deficiency correlated to stasis.In addition,Chinese herb formula with function of strengthening kidney and activating circulation shows the anti-brain-aging and neuroprotective effect to PD.Conclusion: Kidney deficiency and blood stasis is the fundamental pathogenesis of PD.

Objective To explore the diagnosis and treatment of endogenous adenoma of the duodenal papilla by endoscopy.Methods Between June 2005 and October 2008,eight patients who had dilated common and intrahepatic bile ducts with strictured opening of the papilla and lower segments shown by B-ultrasonography or MRCP,were enrolled in this study. The patients were assigned to receive ERCP and IDUS for diagnosis and treatment. Results In this series,three patients received pancreatico-duodenectomy because of tubulovillous adenoma (two cases) or tubular adenoma (one case) complicated with moderate atypical epithelial hyperplasia; one of the two cases with tubulovillous adenoma was confirmed as having local cancer by postoperative pathological examination,and then received interventional therapy and embolization because of liver metastasis in 3 months; the patient who had tubular adenoma was diagnosed with local signet ring cell cancer after the operation,and was followed up at 6 and 14 months afterwards by physical examination,which showed no abnormalities. Endoscopic snare papillectomy followed by bile duct stenting for drainage was performed on two patients,one of them was diagnosed with tubulo-papillary adenoma after the surgery and then showed recurrent tumor at 6 months,resulting death at 10 months; the other one was confirmed as having tubulovillous adenoma complicated with moderate atypical epithelial hyperplasia,this patient showed no abnormalities during follow-up at 6 and 12 months. Plastic bile duct stent was employed in one patient with severe atypical epithelial hyperplasia,but was replaced by metal stent because of repeated infection of the bile duct. One patient with papillary adenoma was lost to follow-up after bile duct stenting for intradrainage. One patient refused any treatment for the tubular adenoma; follow-up by phone showed no abnormality in this case in 12 months.Conclusions Endogenous adenoma of the duodenal papilla is rare detected. The tumor is very likely to turn to malignant. Multi-point biopsy is necessary for the patients with hyperplasia of the mucosal and muscle layers.

Objective To study the effect of low frequency electric stimulation and urethral catheter balloon dilatation therapy on dysphagia in nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC)patients after radiation therapy. Methods Eighteen dysphagic NPC patients who had received radiation therapy were studied.They included 15 males and 3 females with a mean age of 49.5 years.Thirteen were being fed with a nasogastric tube and 5 with a gastmstomy tube.Low frequency electric stimulation was applied to the swallowing muscles and urethral catheter balloon dilatation therapy was used for the crieopharygeus muscle.Before and after treatment the effects were evaluated with a videofluoroscopic study of swallowing.Results Most swallowing function improved after treatment.After treatment the pharyngeal transit time of paste iodine and fluid iodine(diatriazoate)through the mouth and hypopharynx showed significant improvement.Displacement of the hyoid bone was significantly greater after treatment.Before treatment the incidence of pyriform sinus stasis and aspiration were 100%:after treatment these were 44.4%and 16.6% respectively.Videofluoroscopy showed that 7 cases had been cured(38.9%),9 cases had improved(50.0%)and 2 cases showed no effect(11.1%).In 15 cases the nasogastric or gastrostomy tube could be removed. Conclusion Low frequency electric stimulation and urethral catheter balloon dilatation can improve swallowing in NPC patients with dysphagia after radiation therapy.This treatment was easy to administer,safe and reliable.

Objective To examine the effects of fixed appliance and micro-implant on the improvement of facial profile in patients with protruding.Methods 30 protruding cases were treated by fixed appliance and micro-implant.Cephalometric data before and after treatment were measured and analyzed to assess the effects.Results The upper incisors were retracted 6.5 mm.The upper lip was retracted 3.8 mm.The lower incisors were retracted 5.8 mm.The lower lip was retracted 5.6 mm.UL-E was retracted 3.21 mm.LL-E was retracted 3.67 mm.NLA was changed from 86.7°to 103.7°.The U1-SN,U1-Y,L1-MP,L1-Y,UL-Y,LL-Y,UL-E,LL-E,and NLA demonstrated significant differences between pre-and post-treatment.Conclusions Fixed appliance and micro-implant might retract the anterior teeth and lead to an improvement of facial profile.

Objective To explore the endoscopic features and careinoembryonic antigen (CEA) ex-pressions of colorectal serrated adenomas (SA). Methods From June 2005 to July 2008, 27 patients with colorectal polyps and 26 cases of advanced colorectal cancer (ACC) were enrolled in the study. The pit pat-tern of the suspected lesions were observed with 0. 4% indigo carmine sodium stain and classified according to Kudo classification. The polyps were removed by biopsy, high-frequency electrical excision or endoscopic mucosa resection and the samples of ACC were collected with biopsy forceps. All specimens underwent rou-tine pathological examination and CEA expression was detected by immunohistochemistry. Results There were 47 SAs and 27 other types of polyps in polyp group. Most SAs located in left-side colon and were char-acterized by the bulge semipedunculation. The diameters of 45 serrated adenomas ranged from 3 to 8ram, and the maximal diameter of other 2 were more than 10ram. The most common type of pit pattern in SA was mixed type Ⅱ and ⅢL, with type Ⅱ predominant in a certain percentage. Expression of CEA in SA glands was significantly higher than that in proliferative polyps (P < 0. O1). Candnsion SA is an unique type of colorectal adenoma, which is capable of expressing CEA, and displays malignant potential and deserves great attention.

The clinical data of 16 patients with rupture of corpus cavernosum penis were retrospectively reviewed.The patients were referred to the Department of Urology from January 2005 to November 2009.The causes of penile injury were trauma due to sexual intercourse ( 12 cases), trauma due to masturbatory (2 cases), traffic accidents ( 1 case) and others ( l case).All patients received immediate surgical treatment; 14 out of 16 patients were followed up for a mean period of 3 months.Sexual function was recovered with satisfactory erection in 11 patients, 3 patients complained pain or uncomfortab]eness during erection.Sexual trauma was the main cause of penile fracture.Immediate intervention for penile fracture can achieve satisfactory early and late results.

The clinical data of 32 patients with pyelogenic cyst were reviewed retrospectively. The diagnosis of 25 cases was confirmed by intravenous pyelography (IVP) , in which the ultrasonography and computed tomography ( CT) failed to provide accurate diagnosis. Eighteen cases were treated by surgical operations, among them 16 cases were cured, one case lost follow-up, and one case recurred in 6 months after surgery. The data indicate that the diagnosis of pyelogenic cyst mainly depends on IVP examination and the laparoscopic technique can be effectively applied for treatment of pyelogenic cyst.

Objective:To investigate the orthodontic treatment of adult severe periodontal disease.Methods:Twenty patients with periodontal disease requiring orthodontic treatment from 2015 to 2017 were selected for systemic periodontal treatment before orthodontic treatment. There were 6 male and 14 female patients aged from 55 to 68 years with average of 62 years.Results:After the orthodontic treatment for 20 to 28 months, the relaxation of the teeth were improved, and the periodontal pocket was disappeared, and the periodontal tissue and alveolar bone conditions were significantly improved, and the biting was better, and the profile of the patients were more satisfactory than before.Conclusion:The orthodontic treatment significantly improves the health of the periodontal tissue, which is a very effective treatment method.

With the increase of people's health concept,more and more natural healthy food appear in people's sight.The addition of seaweed iodine in salt not only meets the needs of human body function,but also satisfies the modem people's pursuit of quality life.There are many methods for determination and extraction of iodine from seaweed and preparation of seaweed iodized salt.The authors reviewed the measurement of seaweed iodine and the preparation of seaweed iodized salt.This will help to understand and appreciate the seaweed iodine extraction and the preparation of seaweed iodized salts.

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of fibreoptic endoscopic of sallowing （FEES） in the assessment of pharyngeal dysphagia in post-irradiated patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Method: Fifty-three NPC patients with post-irradiated underwent FEES and video fluoroscopy（VF）.The results were analyzed using the Bolus Residue Scale and Rosenbek's penetration aspiration scale. Result: The agreement in the detection of penetration and aspiration between FEES and VF of liquid（κ=0.56, 95%CI 0.38-0.73） and porridge（κ=0.64, 95%CI 0.43-0.81） was "fair". The detection rates of penetration on FEES with liquid and porridge were 60% and 51%, the detection rates of aspiration on VF with liquid and porridge were 70% and 53%. There were no statistical differences. The agreement in the detection of pharyngeal residue between FEES and VF of liquid （κ=0.38, 95%CI0.12-0.62） and porridge （κ=0.66, 95%CI 0.44-0.86） was "fair". The detection rates of pharyngeal residue on FEES and VF with porridge were 43% and 45%, the difference was not statistically significant. The detection rates of pharyngeal residue on FEES and VF with liquid were 44% and 24%, and the difference was statistically significant. Conclusion FEES is an effective and valuable tool for evaluating pharyngeal dysphagia in post-irradiated patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.