OBJECTIVE:To study the effect of Shenfu injection(SFI)on the expression profile of myocardial miRNA in rats with chronic congestive heart failure (referring to heart failure). METHODS:40 rats were randomly divided into sham operation group (normal saline,ip),model group (normal saline,ip),valsartan group (positive control,10 mg/kg,ig) and SFI group (0.75 mL/kg,im),10 in each group. Except for sham operation group,another groups were reduced heart failure. After modeling, rats in other groups received related medicines,once a day. Affymetrix miRNA V4.0 chip technology was conducted to analyze the miRNA expression in myocardial tissue of rats with heart failure after administration for 28 d,and screen the miRNA on common differential expression in myocardial tissue of rats in each group. The miRNA associated with heart failure was analyzed by thresh-old of differential gene expression multiple value greater than or equal to 1.1. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis was used to analyze functional classification and biological signaling pathway of differentially expressed genes. RESULTS:There were totally 29 miR-Nas on common differential expression and 7 miRNAs associated with heart failure (rno-miR-30c-1-3p, rno-miR-125b-5p, rno-miR-133a-5p,rno-miR-199a-5p,rno-miR-221-3p,rno-miR-146a-5p and rno-miR-1-3p). SFI can significantly downregulate the expressions of rno-miR-125b-5p,rno-miR-133a-5p,rno-miR-221-3p,rno-miR-1-3p in myocardial tissue of rats (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Results of GO analysis showed,miRNAs on differential expression were mainly related to signal transduction,cytoplasm and nucleotide binding. CONCLUSIONS:SFI plays the role of anti-heart failure by participating in the downregulation of miRNAs associated with heart failure process and then affecting related signal pathways transduction after the combination of cyto-plasm and nucleotide.

At present,most of the scholars of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) considered that climacteric syndrome was caused by yin-deficiency,as the therapy of nourishing yin and clearing heat was the most common treatment,neglecting the pathologic role of yang-deficiency in climacteric syndrome.This paper redefined the pathogensis of climacteric syndrome and its syndromes based on differentiation in Gynecology of Traditional Chinese Medicine of various versions and in accordance with previous syndrome epidemiological results over it.The emerge of hot flushes and sweating,forgetful and hyposexuality was prevalent.The inaccurate description of hot flash and sweating in climacteric syndrome was rectified.The therapeutic effects of nourishing yin therapy on vasomotion were discussed based on the understanding of etiology,pathology and treatment of climacteric syndrome in ancient Chinese medical books.The phytoestrogens action of warming kidney-yang drugs was summarized from the aspect of modern pharmacology for exploring the significance of the role of yang-deficiency in climacteric syndrome.The treatment against yang-deficiency would be an innovative clinical pathway of climacteric syndrome.

Chinese traditional patent medicine for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis(PBCRBS) originated from traditional Chinese medicine theory and had approved efficacy and safety standards. However, its compatibility regularity and anti-thrombotic mechanism is not clear. To analyze the compatibility regularity and anti-thrombotic mechanism of Chinese traditional patent medicine for PBCRBS, a statistical and bioinformatics analysis was carried out using traditional Chinese medicine inheritance support system (TICMISS, V2.0) and ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA). The compatibility regularity analysis shows that the most commonly used herb combinations are Danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.), Chuanxiong (Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort.) and Honghua (Carthamustinctorius L.). The anti-thrombotic mechanism analysis reveals that 25 ingredients have an effect on 29 thrombosis related molecules which 23 molecules are related to inflammation response. Furthermore, there are 5 inflammation molecules (NOS2, PTGS2, IL6, TNF, IL1β) served as major targets. At the same time, Danshen, Chuangxiong and Honghua mainly used as sovereign herb or minister herb in the application of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Therefore, Chinese traditional patent medicine for PBCRBS probably has an effect on anti-thrombotic activity through inhibiting the inflammatory response. In summary, the most commonly used herb combinations of Chinese traditional patent medicine for PBCRBS are Danshen, Chuanxiong and Honghua. Inhibiting inflammatory response, especially inflammation related molecules (NOS2, PTGS2, IL6, TNF and IL1β), is probably a new starting point to clarify the anti-thrombotic mechanism of Chinese patent medicine for PBCRBS.

Objective To evaluate the effects of Yangxue Qingnao Granules (YQG) in decreasing blood pressure in rats with renal hypertension and to investigate its mechanism.Methods Modified Goldblatt renal hypertension rat models were used.The rats were randomized into 6 groups: model group,YQG groups (treated with high-,moderate-and low-dose respectively),Captopril Tablets group and Niuhuang Jiangya Pills group, 10 rats in each group. The model group was given with distilled water and the other groups with corresponding drugs by gavage, once time a day. Blood pressure was detected in 1st, 2nd and 4th week after treatment. Four weeks after treatment plasma levels of endothelin (ET),calcitonin gene related peptide(CGRP) and nitric oxide(NO) were examined by radioimmunoassay.Results Plasma level of ET was increased and those of NO and CGRP were decreased in rats with renal hypertension. YQG could decrease ET level and increase the levels of NO and CGRP, high-dose YQG in particular (P

The Chinese herbs have been used for thousands years, their effects were certified in clinic. The compatibility of Chinese medicine prescriptions is the basis principle in clinical application. In order to enhance efficacy and reduce toxicity, reasonable compatibility of the Chinese herbs is the main method for the safety and effective use. However, it is not clear about its mechanism. So it is necessary to study their mechanisms by using the modern pharmacological technology. At present, there are some studies on the mechanisms of the compatibility relating with toxicity or adverse effect attenuation, for instance, reducing the dose of toxic Chinese herbs, changing their pharmacokinetic parameter and resisting the damage to human body system. In this paper, we planed to review the attenuation mechanism of the prescription compatibility from relevant studies.
Drug Prescriptions ; Drug Therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; adverse effects

Sodium calcium exchanger (NCX) is encoded by the SCL8 family genes and belongs to the cation/Ca

Small ubiquitin-related modifier(SUMOylation)is a dynamic post-translational modification that maintains cardiac function and can protect against a hypertrophic response to cardiac pressure overload.However,the function of SUMOylation after myocardial infarction(MI)and the molecular details of heart cell responses to SUMO1 deficiency have not been determined.In this study,we demonstrated that SUMO1 protein was inconsistently abundant in different cell types and heart regions after MI.However,SUMO1 knockout significantly exacerbated systolic dysfunction and infarct size after myocardial injury.Single-nucleus RNA sequencing revealed the differential role of SUMO1 in regulating heart cells.Among cardiomyocytes,SUMO1 deletion increased the Nppa+Nppb+Ankrd1+cardiomyocyte subcluster pro-portion after MI.In addition,the conversion of fibroblasts to myofibroblasts subclusters was inhibited in SUMO1 knockout mice.Importantly,SUMO1 loss promoted proliferation of endothelial cell subsets with the ability to reconstitute neovascularization and expressed angiogenesis-related genes.Computational analysis of ligand/receptor interactions suggested putative pathways that mediate cardiomyocytes to endothelial cell communication in the myocardium.Mice preinjected with cardiomyocyte-specific AAV-SUMO1,but not the endothelial cell-specific form,and exhibited ameliorated cardiac remodeling following MI.Collectively,our results identified the role of SUMO1 in cardiomyocytes,fibroblasts,and endothelial cells after Ml.These findings provide new insights into SUMO1 involvement in the patho-genesis of MI and reveal novel therapeutic targets.

Objective To clarify the predominant symptoms of PH and their correlation with clinical indicators by collecting Chinese medicine clinical syndromic data of patients with pulmonary hypertension(PH).To provide a basis for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of Chinese medicine.Methods Adopting a cross-sectional study method,from January 2020 to July 2021,the cardiovascular ward of Guang'an men Hospital of the China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine was in line with the patients with the diagnosis of PH.A total of 298 patients'data were collected,and 236 patients were included in this study by excluding factors such as incomplete data and repeated hospitalization.The clinical data of the patients were organized,analyzed and counted.The distribution pattern of symptoms and syndrome types of PH was derived,and the correlation between syndrome elements and hemodynamics,cardiac function,and coagulation function was explored.Results The eight syndrome elements of PH in this study were,in descending order,blood stasis>Qi deficiency>water stagnation>phlegm turbidity>blood deficiency>yang deficiency>yin deficiency>qi stagnation;The eight syndrome types were in the order of high to low:Qi deficiency and blood stasis,spleen and lung deficiency,blood stasis and water stagnation,phlegm and water stagnation,phlegm and blood stasis stagnation,phlegm and water stagnation,yang deficiency and water stagnation,phlegm and turbid obstruction of lungs,and deficiency of both qi and yin;Qi deficiency was negatively correlated with Systolic pulmonary artery pressure(SPAP),and water stagnation was positively correlated with SPAP;Qi deficiency was negatively correlated with cardiac function grading,and water stagnation and phlegm turbidity evidence were positively correlated with cardiac function grading.Conclusion Blood stasis is the core pathogenesis of PH,and the clinical manifestations and symptoms of PH patients gradually transformed from qi deficiency through blood stasis to phlegm turbidity and water stagnation."Stasis"is present throughout the course of PH disease and has a significant impact on the progression of PH.

Objective To investigate the core drugs of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)for the treatment of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension(HPH),and to verify the drug efficacy by hypoxia combined with Su5416(Hypoxia+Su5416,HySu)-induced PH mouse model.Methods Relevant literatures on TCM treatment of HPH in China Knowledge Network,Wanfang,Weipu were collected,screened and set up a database through the nerf criteria,and inputted into the software of traditional Chinese medicine inheritance assistance platform(V2.5)for the excavation of medication law.The HySu-PH mouse model was established,and the core drugs were evaluated for drug efficacy through force exhaustion exercise running table,blood oxygen saturation,right ventricular pressure,and right heart hypertrophy index test.Results The 102 relevant formulas for the treatment of HPH were screened,involving a total of 158 traditional Chinese medicines,and the top 5 drug frequencies were Salvia miltiorrhiza,Rhizoma Chuanxiong,Astragalus membranaceus,Draba hebecarpa,and Angelica sinensis,with the highest use of blood-activating and blood-stasis removing drugs,and deficiency-tonifying drugs in the categories of drugs used,and Salvia miltiorrhiza was the core drug used.HySu-PH mouse models were constructed and given 2 weeks of treatment with the danshen preparation Danshen injection.Danshen injection significantly elevated body weight(P<0.01),oxygen saturation(P<0.05),displacement of exhaustion(P<0.01),and duration of exhaustion(P<0.05),and lowered the right ventricular systolic blood pressure(P<0.01)and the right cardiac hypertrophy index(P<0.01).Conclusion Salvia miltiorrhiza is a core drug for the treatment of HPH,and the danshen preparation Danshen injection can effectively treat HySu-PH.

Objective Based on the pre-existing basis of effective treatment of hypoxia combined with Su5416-induced hypoxic pulmonary hypertension(HPH)by Salvia miltiorrhiza,to investigate the mechanism of Salvia miltiorrhiza in the treatment of HPH.Methods Using a network pharmacology approach to obtain the key pathways of Salvia miltiorrhiza for the treatment of HPH.The active ingredients of Salvia miltiorrhiza were collected to obtain the targets of the active ingredients.HPH disease targets were collected to obtain the intersection of Salvia miltiorrhiza component targets and HPH disease targets.Protein-Protein Interaction Networks(PPIs)were constructed and KEGG analysis was performed to obtain the key pathways of Salvia miltiorrhiza for HPH.Then used molecular biology to validate the key pathways.Results The 81 targets of Salvia miltiorrhiza for the treatment of HPH were obtained by network pharmacology,and PPI showed that drug component-disease common core targets included ATK1,TNF,EGFR,IL6,ESR1,and KEGG-enriched Pathway mainly included PI3K-AKT signaling pathway,HIF-1 signaling pathway,MAKP signaling pathway,TNF signaling pathway,JAK-STAT signaling pathway and so on.Molecular biological assays showed that Salvia miltiorrhiza had the effect of reducing lung tissue fibrosis and inhibiting the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway in HySu-PH mice.Conclusion Salvia miltiorrhiza has the effect of attenuating pulmonary fibrosis,and its mechanism of action is related to the inhibition of the PI3K/Akt signalling pathway.