Objective: To study the chemical constituents of Rabdosia rubescens. Methods: The chemical constituent of R. rubescens was separated and purified by using of various column chromatographic technologies (silica gel, MCI, and ODS column chromatography) as well as HPLC. Structures were elucidated by physicochemical characteristics and spectral data. Results: One new flavanoiel compound was isolated from supercritical fluid extract of R. rubescens, and it was elucidated as 3’-hydroxy-2’,4’- dimethoxy-flav-3-ene (1). Conclusion: Compound 1 is a new flavanoid, named as rubescenane A.

BACKGROUND: It is an effective strategy for the treatment of osteoporosis to promote the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts, but the influence of inokosterone on osteoblast proliferation and differentiation is rarely reported. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of inokosterone on the proliferation and differentiation of primary osteoblasts and the underlying molecular mechanism. METHODS: Primary osteoblasts from neonatal Sprague-Dawley rats were isolated via the second enzyme digestion, and the cells were then cultured in osteogenic induction medium and identified. Cell counting kit 8 assay was performed to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of inokosterone (1, 5, 10 mg/L) on cell viability of primary osteoblasts. Early differentiation ability of osteoblasts was evaluated by alkaline phosphatase staining and alkaline phosphatase activity assay. To evaluate the mineralization ability of osteoblasts, alizarin red staining was performed to observe the number of calcium nodules. The expression level of osteogenic genes was detected by RT-qPCR at different time points. Furthermore, MDC staining was also used to observe the number of autophagosomes. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the control group, inokosterone could inhibit the cell viability of primary osteoblast to some degree (P < 0.05) while significantly promoting alkaline phosphatase activity and mineralized nodules formation (P < 0.05). In addition, inokosterone upregulated the expression of osteogenic genes such as Collagen I, osteoprotegerin, osteopontin, osteocalcin and increased the number of autophagosomes. To conclude, inokosterone can promote osteogenic differentiation by upregulating osteogenic genes expression and activating autophagy of primary osteoblasts.

Objective To explore the effect of the intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury on paracrine patterns of BM-MSCs in order to provide evidence for BMSCs repair.Methods BMSCs were isolated,cultured,characterized,and stained.The rat intestine ischemia/reperfusion model (IRI) was established.Intestinal epithelial mucosal extracts were obtained either from IRI rat or normal rat.Those two type extracts were added into the culture medium,and BM-MSCs were cultured with the two conditioned medium respectively.The culture medium was collected at 0 h and 24 h after culturing with intestinal epithelial mucosal extracts.The levels of TGF-ot,VEGF,FGF and IGF-1 in the medium were assayed by ELISA.Results The contents of all the growth factors detected in cultured medium with intestinal extracts from IRI rats were significantly higher than in regular rats (P ＜ 0.05).The levels of TGF-α,VEGF in culture medium containing IRI epithelium extracts were significantly higher than that in the medium containing normal intestinal epithelium extracts (P ＜ 0.05)Conclusion BM-MSCs can secret TGF-α,VEGF,FGF,and IGF-1 in the presence of intestinal extracts from IRI rat in the culture.These factors might stimulate the differentiation and proliferation of intestinal epithelial cells through paracrine mechanism.

Objective To investigate the effect and recurrence of the esomeprazole combined with trimebutine on treatment for non-erosive reflux disease(NERD).Methods One hundred and twenty-five cases of patients with NERD were randomly divided into the treatment group (n =62) and the control group (n =63).Patients in treatment group were received the esomeprazole 20 mg,twice a day and trimebutine 0.2 g,3 times a day,in control group were received the esomeprazole 20 mg,twice a day and mosapride 5 mg,3 times a day.After 8 weeks treatment,6 months follow-up was conducted and the effects and recurrence were evaluated.Results The clinical curative rates at 4th and 8th weeks treatment in treatment group were 75.8％ (47/62) and 95.2％ (59/62),higher than that of control group (57.1％ (36/63),x2 =4.879,P =0.027 ; 84.1％ (53/63),x2 =4.083,P =0.043).The GERDQ curative rates at 4th and 8th weeks treatment in treatment group were 72.6％ (45/62),93.5％ (58/62) respectively,significantly higher than that of the control group (52.4％ (33/ 63),x2 =5.434,P =0.020 ; 79.4％ (50/63),x2 =5.350,P =0.021).The recurrence rates of 6 months followup were 77.4％ (48/62) in the treatment group and 81.0％ (51/63) in the control group,there was no significant difference between the two groups (P =0.627).Conclusion Esomeprazole combined with trimebutine is safe and effective treatment on non-erosive reflux disease,and the recurrence rates was lower than that in the control group.

Objective To obtain a stably inherited Sprague-Dawley rat model of congenital umbilical hernia by in-breeding, and to observe the structure of umbilical hernia and treat it surgically.Methods Congenital umbilical hernia rats were fostered by full-sib mating.The birth number and umbilical hernia quantity were recorded, and the umbilical hernia rate of rats was analyzed.Six female and 6 male rats with congenital umbilical hernia of 6-month aged F2 generation were selected randomly, among which 2 female and 2 male rats were examined anatomically, and the rest rats underwent surgical suture. Results The umbilical hernia rate was increased along with the increasing inbreeding coefficient, and the rats of F12 and F13 generations were all with congenital umbilical hernia.The umbilical hernia rate in female rats was significantly higher than that in male rats based on the total number of rats from F1 to F13 generation (c2 =11.1, P=0.001).Female and male rats had the same structure of umbilical hernia, and all rats recovered 3-4 weeks after surgery without recurrence.Conclusion After 13 consecutive generations of full-sib mating, a rat model of congenital umbilical hernia with stable genetic properties is successfully established.

Objective: To establish an HPLC method for simultaneously determining latifoloside G, latifoloside H, kudinoside G, latifoloside C, kudinoside A, kudinoside E, and kudinoside D in Ilex kudingcha. Methods: The separation was performed on a YMC C18 column (YMC-pack ODS-A, 250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) with water-acetonitrile as the mobile phase in a gradient elution at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The detection wavelength was 210 nm and the column temperature was 30℃. Results: Seven triterpenoid saponins all have good separating degree, good linear range, and linearity (r > 0.999 5). The average sample recovery rates were 99.25%-100.8%, RSD < 2%. Conclusion: The established method is rapid, accurate, and with has repeatability and stability, which could provides the scientific evidence for the quality control of I. kudingcha.

This paper discusses the limitations of current NO inhalation systems, based on the research in collocation of NO, inspection of NO/NO2 and synchronous working of NO inhalation systems with ventilators. And then, the developing trend of NO inhalation systems is put forward here too.
Administration, Inhalation ; Nitric Oxide ; administration & dosage ; Ventilators, Mechanical ; trends

OBJECTIVETo study the regularity of fistula incidence after early cleft palate repair

METHODS531 patients aged 2-12 months at the operation were included in the retrospective study, who underwent cleft palate repair during July 1995 to September 2001.

RESULTSThe overall frequency of fistulas was 4.9%. The fistula incidence of bilateral complete cleft palate was obviously higher (7.8%) than that of incomplete cleft palate (4.4%) and the unilateral complete group (4.3%) (P < 0.005). There was no significant difference between the latter two. Fistula incidence was irrelevant to the patient age and the operation method. Seventy percent of fistulas in complete cleft palate occurred on the hard palate, which was significantly higher than that on the other parts.

CONCLUSIONInfant cleft palate repair did not increase fistula incidence. We recommend preoperative orthodontics for bilateral cleft palate infants.

Cleft Palate ; surgery ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Oral Fistula ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Palate, Hard ; Postoperative Complications ; epidemiology ; Retrospective Studies

Acute Disease ; Child ; China ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Paramyxoviridae Infections ; epidemiology ; virology ; Phylogeny ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; epidemiology ; virology ; Respirovirus ; genetics

Minimal important difference (MID) is a concept in regards of efficacy evaluation in recent years. MID has its features and clinical significance. MID methods include anchor-based methods, distribution-based methods, expert consensus methods, literature analysis methods, and so on. All these methods have their own advantages and disadvantages. In confirming MID, you'd better use them comprehensively according to the research objectives. The significance, range, and evaluation methods of MID in the clinical research of Chinese medicine were clarified. It is necessary to strengthen MID correlated researches and applications.
Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Outcome Assessment (Health Care) ; methods ; Treatment Outcome