Objective: To investigate the relationship between blood pressure, blood glucose or blood lipids and patients with cerebral infarction (CI) or intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in diff erent age or gender. Methods: hT e case-control study consecutively recruited patients with if rst-ever-in-a-lifetime CI (n=358) and ICH (n=230) and community-acquired pneumonia (n=165) as controls between January 2010 and December 2013 at the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University. hT epatients with CI or ICH were divided into the young group, the middle-aged group and the older group, and the risk factors were compared between the 3 groups. hTe patients with CI or ICH were respectively further divided into the male group and the female group. hTe blood pressure, glucose and lipids were measured. Results: Data from logistic regression models showed that CI was closely associated with high blood pressure, hypertension, diabetes mellitus (DM) or fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (P<0.05), and ICH was closely related to high blood pressure, hypertension, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), FPG, serum creatinine (SCr) or alcohol drinking (P<0.05); hypertension was the main risk factor for stroke. hTe odds ratios for the young, the middle-aged and older group were 10.43, 4.74 and 7.39 respectively (P<0.05). Systolic blood pressure (OR=28.74) was the important risk factor for the young stroke, and the OR is 2.81 for the middle-aged stroke. Diastolic blood pressure (OR=2.96) and DM (OR=6.25) were the risk factor for the middle-aged stroke. LDL-C (OR=2.87) was a risk factor for the older stroke; the mean levels of diastolic blood pressure in males were signiifcantly increased compared with that in females with CI, while the mean levels of TC, HDL-C or LDL-C in females were signiifcantly higher than that in males with ICH (P<0.05). Conclusion: Hypertension, systolic blood pressure in particular, is the most common risk factor for young stroke patients. DM and hypertension are the risk factors for the middle-aged patients, while hypertension, DM, LDL-C and alcohol consuming are the risk factors for the aged patients.

To study the chemical constituents of the Entada phaseoloides (L.) Merr., seeds of Entada phaseoloides were extracted with 70% ethanol at room temperature. Isolation and purification were performed by silica gel, reversed-phase silica gel column chromatography and semi-preparative HPLC. Structures of the pure compounds were established on the basis of spectral analysis. Four sulfur-containing amide compounds were isolated from the n-BuOH-soluble fraction and identified as entadamide A-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->3)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (1), entadamide A (2), entadamide A-beta-D-glucopyranoside (3) and clinacoside C (4). Compound 1 is a new compound. Compound 4 is isolated from the genus Entada for the first time.

Objective To investigate the expression and clinical significance of early-stage serum interieukin-10 (IL-10) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in patients with acute organophosphorus pesticide poisoning (AOPP). Method 186 cases of AOPP were divided into mild group, moderate group and severe group according to the severity. 30 healthy volunteers served as control group. APACHE Ⅱ scores were evaluated for these patiences and their serum concentrations of IL-10 and TNF-α were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results APACHE Ⅱ scores increased significantly with the exacerbations of AOPP (P ＜0. 05). The serum IL-10 concentrations of AOPP was slightly higher than the control group. There was no significant difference compared with the control group (P ＞0. 05). APACHE Ⅱ scores positively correlated with the serum TNF-α concentrations, but not with the serum IL-10. However,the ratio of TNF-α and IL-10 positively correlated with APACHE Ⅱ scores ( P ＜ 0. 01 ). Conclusions There were pro-inflammatory response and anti-inflammatory response in patients with AOPP. Overrelease of inflammation promoting factor and imbalance between inflammation promoting and inhibiting factors correlated with the severity of AOPP, which may be an important mechanism of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome of AOPP.

Objective To study the mechanism of oxidative damage in myocardial tissue after limb ischemia reperfusion (IR), and the protective effects of heme oxygenase-1 on myocardial injury in experimental rats. Method The models of bilateral hind limbs ischemia and reperfusion in rats were established by using tourniquets applied to the roots of both hind limbs until palm blanched and pulseless for 4 hours. A total of 56 SD rats were randomly (random number) divided into 7 groups, namely one normal control group ( n = 8) and 6 ischemia-reperfusion groups as per different lengths of reperfusion time, e. g. 2 hrs, 4 hrs, 8 hrs, 16 h rs and 24 hr ( n = 8 each). The experimental rats were sacrificed after different lengths of reperfusion time. Specimens of myocardium and blood were taken for assays of malonaldehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and myeloperoxidase (MPO), and pathological changes of myocardium were observed, and the expressions of HO-1 mRNA in myocardium were detected. Data were analyzed with ANOVA. Results (1) Compared with the control group, the levels of serum MDA and myocardial MDA of rats were increased in all IR groups and were higher (P < 0.05), and the levels of MDA reached the peak after reperfusion for 4 hours. The levels of serum SOD and myocardial SOD in rats of all IR groups were decreased and lower than those in rats of the control group ( P < 0.05), and the levels of serum SOD dropped away to the lowest point after reperfusion for 4 hours, and the levels of myocardial SOD fell off to the bottom after reperfusion for 8 hours. The levels of serum MPO and myocardial MPO were significantly increased in rats of all IR groups compared with the control group (P < 0.05). The levels of serum MPO reached peak after reperfusion for 4 hours, and the levels of myocardial MPO were increased to the highest spot after reperfusion for 6 hours. (2) The pathological changes in myocardium showed the most severe damage after reperfusionfor 4-6 hours.(3) After reperfusion for 2 hours, there were no significant differences in the expression of HO-1 mRNA between IR groups and control group (P >0.05), and after reperfusion for 4 hours and over, the expressions of HO-1 mRNA were markedly increased in IR groups and reached peak after reperfusion for 16 hours in comparison with the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusions The activation of neutrophils and free radicals may play a primarily adverse role in myocardial injury after limb IR, and the increase in the expression of HO-1 mRNA lessens the harm effects of IR on myocardium.

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have confirmed that rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) can differentiate into osteoblasts under osteogenic induction in vitro, stably express the specific phenotype of osteoblasts and have osteogenic ability. Calf cortical bone scaffold with partial cancellous bone has good biocompatibility and degradability, which can be used as a carrier material of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. OBJECTIVE: To combine rabbit BMSCs with calf bone composite according to the basic principles of bone tissue engineering and to observe the osteogenesis in the New Zealand white rabbits after implantation of BMSCs/calf bone composite into the ilium, thereby providing a direct evidence for preliminary clinical application of tissue-engineered bone products.METHODS: BMSCs/calf cortical bone scaffold with partial cancellous bone (tissue-engineered bone group), simple calf heterogeneous bone (heterogeneous bone group) or autologous iliac bone (autologous iliac bone group) was randomly implanted into the rabbit ilium. The changes of implant surface and tissue reactions around the implant were observed.X-ray examination was performed to observe osteogenic changes at 4, 8, 12, 24 weeks after implantation. Immunohistochemistry staining was used to observe the expression of bone morphogenetic protein 2.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After heterogeneous bone implantation, the wound healed well, and there were no systemic or local inflammation and toxicity reactions in all groups. The X-ray results showed that at postoperative 24 weeks, the implant was basically fused with the host bone in the tissue-engineered bone group, but the fusion was unsatisfactory in the heterogeneous bone group. The process of ossifications from cartilages was observed in all groups by hematoxylin-eosin staining, and bone morphogenetic protein 2 was positive for immunohistochemical staining. Findings from in vivo experiments indicate that rabbit BMSCs seeded onto the calf cortical bone scaffold with partial cancellous bone could construct tissue-engineered bone by osteoinductation in vitro in the rabbits.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the surgical treatment for cervical dumbbell tumors. METHODS: Clinical manifestation, surgical type and stage, and surgical method of 36 consecutive patients with cervical dumbbell tumor were retrospectively studied. RESULTS: The tumors in 35 patients were completely resected once, and the other one patient underwent subtotal resection. Signs and symptoms of all patients were recovered to different degrees, without significant complications and tumor recurrence. CONCLUSION According to the type and stage of dumbbell tumors, we could adopt surgical methods through posterior or posterior combined with anterior approach, together with instruments and fusion, which could completely resect tumors and prevent complications.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Cervical Vertebrae ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neurilemmoma ; surgery ; Neurofibroma ; surgery ; Neurosurgical Procedures ; methods ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Canal ; pathology ; surgery ; Spinal Neoplasms ; classification ; surgery ; Young Adult

Objective: To summarize the application of inferior major boneflap craniotomy decompression in brain injury operation.Methods: A retrospective analysis was done in 218 cases with brain injuries who were admitted to our department from January 1995 to December 1999 and treated with the inferior major bone flap craniotomy decompression.Results: Of 218 cases, 121 cases (55.50%) were cured according to GOS, 39 (18.30%) were with good recovery or moderate disability, 13 (5.60%) with severe deformity, 3 (1.40%) vegetative life, the rest 42 (19.20%) died after operation; no encephalocele or incarceration were found.Conclusions: The inferior major bone flap craniotomy decompression can remove hematoma timely and completely, is better than general craniotomy decompression and has a positive effect on brain injuries especially when bone flap is small.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the possibility of xenogenic calf cortical bone with partial trabecular bone as cell carriers in tissue engineering, and to provide direct evidence for clinical application of matrix scaffold. METHODS: Rabbit bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were seperated and cultured on the surface of xenogenic calf cortical bone with partial trabecular bone. Relative growth rate was measured and cytotoxicity was graded. The growth, proliferation and matrix secretion of BMSCs in calf cortical strut were observed by scanning electron microscope. Sixty 3-month-old New Zealand rabbits were divided into 3 groups (20 in each group): a BMSCs/bone xenograft group, a simple bone xenograft group and an autogenous iliac bone group. Each group was implanted with the BMSCs induced osteogenic composite calf bone, simple bone xenograft and autogenous iliac bone into the ala of ilium. The expressions of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) mRNA were detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction in 4, 8, 12, 24 weeks after the operation. RESULTS: The toxicity gradation was 0 to 1. BMSCs adhered the surface of calf cortical strut and extended in the cancellous bone, and extracellular matrices were found. The BMP-2 mRNA expression in the simple bone xenograft group was lower than that in the BMSCs/bone xenograft group and the autogenous iliac bone group at all time points (P<0.05),which was lower in the BMSCs/bone xenograft group than that in the autogenous iliac bone group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Rabbit BMSCs combined with calf cortical bonescaffold with partial cancellous bone have good osteogenic capacity in the New Zealand rabbits.
Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Bone Transplantation ; Cattle ; Cells, Cultured ; Coculture Techniques ; Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation ; Mesenchymal Stem Cells ; cytology ; Osteogenesis ; Rabbits ; Tissue Engineering ; Tissue Scaffolds ; Transplantation, Heterologous

Objective To investigate the clinical features of aortic dissection (AD) and emergency treatments. Methods Data from 784 patients with aortic dissection were collected in the Department of Emergency from January 2000 through December 2009. A retrospective analysis was carried out to determine the survival rate, mortality rate and treatment efficiency. Results Pain was the most common onset symptom (77.7% , 609/784). The majority of patients (86.5%) had essential hypertension (678/784). All the patients with preoperative diagnosis of aortic dissection underwent emergency medical intervention by internists resulting in 81.5% survival rate (639/784) and 18.5% mortality rate (145/784). There were 157 patients without improvement (20.0% ) and the total efficiency rate was (83. 1% ). The efficiency rate of conventional treatment was 76.4% , while the efficiency rate of triple four-procedure treatment was 89. 8% (P<0.05). Of them, 139 patients (17. 7% ) died in the hospital. Among them,. 26 patients died within 24 hours (18.4% ) and 47 cases died within 48 hours (33. 8% ) and 66 patients died within 72 hours (47.2% ). There were 92 patients who refused treatments after diagnosis, and among them, 81 patients died within 72 hours (88.04% ). The difference in mortality rate between two groups was significant (P<0.05). Conclusions The diagnosis of aortic dissection depends on detailed history, physical examination and CT or MRI imaging. Analgesia, sedation and control of blood pressure are essential for emergency treatments. Early diagnosis and effective emergency treatments are the critical strategy for the early surgical intervention and time window for further treatment to improve the survival rate of AD.