Objective To investigate and analyze the epidemiological characteristics of epidemic hemorrhagic fever (EHF),and explore the causes and possible routes of transmission in Yingkou City for proposing prevention and control measures.Methods A case restropective investigation was done to all outbreak cases of EHF in Yingkou City,relevant epidemiological investigation,clinical examination and laboratory test were done.Search of case and new case were carried out in the population.Density of rats (night clip) and rate of rat infection (Hanta virus antigenemia) in the region of the epidemic area of EHF were investigated.Blood samples were collected,antibody of EHF was detected with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The rat lung was detected virus antigen using immunofluorescence.EHF diagnosis was based on Diagnostic Criteria for Epidemic Hemorrhagic Fever (WS 278-2008).Results The results of the case study showed that a family of three was infected with the same disease in one month.It was a family cluster of EHF.Of the three cases,one case was Seoul virus (SEO) positive and showed infection for rattus type.Totally 54 human serum samples from the case search in key groups were tested.Two cases were seropositive with IgG,through epidemiological investigation,all people were healthy.On physical examination they had no symptoms such as viral infection with fever,fatigue,symptoms of three red and pains of EHF.Two cases were determined latent infection.The patient's living and health conditions were very poor.The floor of indoor was soil,all of the things were placed in chaos in this family,there were many signs of rats and rat holes in the yard,and there were several rat holes around the wellhead.Rat density surveillance showed that cloth clip 108 times,effective clamp 105 times,4 rats were captured,and the density of rats was 3.81％.The density of rats exceeded the national standard of no more than 1％ of the residential area.All the rats were Rattus norvegicus.Detection of lung antigen was negative in rats by immunofluorescence.Conclusions This event is a family cluster of EHF caused by Rattus norvegicus.Rodent prevention and control,improving family conditions and environmental management are essential measures for blocking of the disease transmission and infection controlling.

The action of Tetrahydroberberine ( THB ) on arrhythmias of the animal models were studied. The arrhythmias induced by CaCl2 and BaCl2 were significantly counteracted by THB ( 30mg/kg ip ) without markedly changing the hemodynamic parameters of rats, but those evoked by aconitine or ouabain were not inhibited in rats or guinea pigs. THB ( 40mg/kg ip) was used to be prevented the arrhythmias induced by ischaemia-reperfusion of left anterior des-cending coronary artery in rats. It could decrease the incidence of vetricular fibrillation, short restored time of the sinus rhythm and diminish the mortality. THB ( 10mg/kg iv ) effectively reduced the incidence of the ventricular arrhythmia induced by hypothalamic electric stimulation in rabbits. The results indicate that THB possess significant antiarrhythmic effect. It may be concerned the action of THB to blok calcium entry

AIM:To analyze curative effect of phacoemulsification through clear corneal tunnel incision on cataract and the influences on subjective sylptols of dry eye questionnaire scores(SDES)and break-up time(BUT).

METHODS: During the period from June 2015 to January 2019, 117 cataract patients(139 eyes)who underwent cataract surgery in the hospital were divided into group A(n=65, 72 eyes)and group B(n=52, 67 eyes)by random number table method. Groups A and B underwent phacoemulsification through 2.2mm and 3.0mm micro-incision, respectively. The general surgical status, SDES, BUT and curative effect indexes \〖best corrected visual acuity(BCVA), spherical equivalent(SE), endothelial cell density(ECD)\〗 were compared between the two groups.

RESULTS: There was no significant difference in ultrasound time, cumulative released energy, operation time or postoperative complications between two groups(P>0.05). After surgery, SDES scores in both groups were significantly increased, BUT was decreased compared with that at 1d before surgery. At 3mo after surgery, SDES and BUT recovered to preoperative levels. At 1d and 1wk after surgery, SDES score in group A was significantly lower than that in group B, while BUT was significantly higher than that in group B(P<0.05). After surgery, BCVA LogMAR and ECD in both groups were significantly decreased, while SE and corneal diopter were significantly increased, without significant difference between the two groups(P>0.05).

CONCLUSION:The curative effect of phacoemulsification through clear corneal tunnel incision is reliable on cataract. The tear film function is better through 2.2mm micro-incision.

A series of poly(ethylene terephthalate-Co-ethylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate) (PEFT) copolyesters were synthesized with different terephthalic acid (PTA) /2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) molar ratios by direct esterification method. In order to investigate their chain structures, 1 H-NMR and 13 C-NMR spectra of these copolyesters were recorded. The average length ( L) , the degree of randomness ( B) and composition of copolyesters were calculated from the intensities of four kinds of signals, which corresponding to the chemical shifts of hydrogen and carbon atoms in ethylene glycol unit in PEFT copolyesters chains. It was shown that the degree of randomness B of all purified copolyesters reached to 1 by the formula of Yamadera and Murano, which indicated that they were random copolymers. Comparatively, the PEF-block-PET of B value was 0. 577, and the PEF-blend-PET of B value was 0 . It was also consistent with the previous results of differential scanning calorimeter ( DSC) that each of the PEFT copolyesters had only one glass transition temperature and the copolyesters were random copolymers. The randomness B of PEFT-50 was the greatest of all, the value was 1. 012 based on the result of 1 H-NMR, and the value was 1. 028 based on the result of 13 C-NMR. Furthermore, the results above displayed that the activity of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid and terephthalic acid was similar in this nucleophilic substation reaction with ethylene glycol.

AIM To study the protective and antiperoxidative effects of baicalin on myocardial ischemia. METHODS The rat anterior decenging branch of left coronary artery was occluded for 40 min and reperfusion for 120 min. Hemodynamics (LVP, LV d p /d t ) and electrocardiogram (ECG, lead Ⅱ) monitored continuously with polygraph,then the myocardium were taken to assay lactate dehydrogenase(LDH), malondialdehyde (MDA) contents and superoxide dismatase (SOD). RESULTS Baicalin 10 or 40 mg?kg -1 iv depressed changes in LDH, MDA and SOD in myocardium after ischemia for 40 min and reperfusion for 120 min in rats. Baicalin 10 and 40 mg?kg -1 iv markedly improved the ?d p /d t max (kPa?s -1 ), LVSP in rat after ischemia for 40 min and reperfusion. CONCLUSION Baicalin possesses a protective effect against myocardial ischemia via attenuating lipid peroxidation.

Objective: To investigate the effect of diabetes on the intensity of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA2a)-SUMOylation and SERCA2a activity of myocardium in experimental rats.
Methods: The 8 weeks old SD rats were divided into 2 groups, Diabetic group, with diet-induced type 2 diabetic rats and Control group, with normal rats. The systolic and diastolic cardiac functions were evaluated by echocardiography and left ventricular pressure measurement. The intensity of SERCA2a-SUMOylation was examined by co-immunoprecipitation and SUMOylation kit.
Results: Compared with Control group, Diabetic group had decreased systolic and diastolic cardiac functions, especially for diastolic function;decreased SERCA2a protein expression and intensity of SUMOylation;decreased SUMOylation E2 (Ubc9 ) protein expression. The protein levels of SUMO1, SAE1 and SAE2 were similar between 2 groups.
Conclusion: The intensity of SERCA2a-SUMOylation and Ubc9 decreased in diabetic myocardium which implies that SERCA2a-SUMOylation and Ubc9 were closely related to the damage of diabetic myocardium in experimental rats.

Objective: To explore the application value and safety of low-dose dobutamine stress echocardiogram (LDDSE) in patients of low-flow/low-gradient aortic stenosis combining left ventricular dysfunction with transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Methods: A total of 5 eligible consecutive patients with contradiction of routine surgical valve replacement and going to receive TAVR in our hospital from 2013-10 to 2016-07 were enrolled. The mean aortic valvegradient, maximum flow velocity, each stroke volume and ejection fraction were recorded before and during LDDSE examination. The patients having confirmed diagnosis of true severe aortic stenosis with left ventricular contractile reserve received TAVR, for those without left ventricular contractile reserve received drug therapy or TAVR conditionally. The changes of cardiac function and NT-proBNP level were observed after TAVR. Results: All 5 patients showed positive finding in LDDSE; the mean aortic valve gradient ≥40mmHg and stroke volume≥20% implied that the patients had true severe aortic stenosis with left ventricular contractile reserve. No adverse reaction occurred during and after LDDSE. TAVR was performed in 4 patients and 1 was waiting for TAVR or balloon dilatation since temporary lacking of valve. The post-operative cardiac function was improved in all patients and NT-proBNP level was declined continuously. Conclusion: LDDSE examination could be considered in patients of aortic stenosis combining left ventricular dysfunction, low-flow and low-gradient to clarify ventricular contractile reserve and the severity of aortic stenosis. If the patients with ventricular contractile reserve, TAVR was recommended which was the effective treatment for relevant patients.

Objective To investigate the application value of identification of the scalp surface locations of cerebral ischemia lesions before direct revascularization for moyamoya disease and to design surgical approaches according to this by using the fusion of single photon emission computed tomography ( SPECT) cerebral perfusion imaging with CT imaging. Methods The clinical data of 13 adult patients with ischemic-type moyamoya disease underwent superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery bypass surgery were analyzed retrospectively. SPECT cerebral perfusion imaging was fused with CT imaging of the same machine before procedure. The lesions of ischemia were located on the cortical surface. The surgical approaches were designed at the center of the ischemic lesions. The patients were followed up for 6 to 12 months after procedure. The improvement of clinical symptoms and cerebral perfusion of the patients were observed after operation. Results One patient had perioperative cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome,and the others did not have any perioperative complications. At one-month follow-up, the improvement of symptoms in 4 patients were excellent,in 5 were good,in 4 were fair,and none was poor. At 6 to 12 month follow-up,the improvement of symptoms in 9 patients were excellent,in 4 were good,and none was poor. The postoperative visual SPECT cerebral perfusion imaging analysis suggested that the cerebral perfusion was improved significantly as compared with before procedure in all patients. Quantitative analysis:There was significant difference in target ischemic lesions between preoperative Fb and postoperative Fb ([2. 13±1. 06]% vs. [4. 13±2. 09]%;P<0. 05). There was significant difference between preoperative Fb and Fe ([2. 46±1. 97]% vs. [2. 13±1. 06]%;P<0. 05). The postoperative BFCR was [67. 57±3. 78]%( >50%) , which indicated that the efficacy of the procedure was remarkable. The superficial temporal arteries fed to brain of the patients were observed after procedure by using the head CT angiography. The postoperative head MRI reexamination showed no new infarcts occurred at 6 months. Conclusion Combine SPECT cerebral perfusion imaging with CT imaging to design surgical approach for superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery bypass surgery may improve the efficacy and reduce the risks of operation.

Objective To investigate whether the nod-like receptor (NLR) pathway is involved in protection of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) preconditioning during renal ischemia reperfusion.Methods Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups:sham operation (Sham) group,renal ischemia/ reperfusion (I/R) group subjected to occlusion of left renal pedicle for 45 min then reperfusion for 24 hours,and sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) preconditioning group with continuous infusion of NaHS (300 nmol/min) by left renal artery for 15 min before I/R treatment.Renal injuries were evaluated by HE staining.The protein levels of NOD1,NOD2,nuclear NF-κB P65 and caspase-1 were analyzed by Western blot assay.The protein level of MCP-1 and IL-1β expressions was determined by immunohistochemical staining assay.Cell apoptosis were evaluated by Tunel staining assay.Results In I/R group,the renal NOD1 and NOD2 protein expressions were upregulated.Moreover,the nuclear NF-κB P65 expression was also elevated with an increase in its target genes-MCP-1 and IL-1β (All P ＜ 0.01).HE staining revealed the existence of acute tubular necrosis in I/R kidney.TUNEL staining revealed more apoptotic cells in risk zone with the activation of caspase-1 of I/R-treated kidney(P ＜0.01).NaHS preconditioning reversed I/R-induced increase in the expression of NOD1 and NOD2(P ＜0.05).NaHS preconditioning also reduced I/R-induced activation of NF-κB P65 (P ＜ 0.05) and upregulation of MCP-1 and IL-1β (P ＜ 0.01).Moreover,NaHS preconditioning attenuated inflammation,repressed caspase-1 activation and reduced apoptotic cells after I/R.Conclusion Hydrogen sulfide preconditioning can alleviate renal ischemia/reperfusion injury by Nod-like receptor dependent on inflammatory pathway.

Diabetic cognitive dysfunction,a glucose metabolic disorder,is caused by metabolic,neurochemistrical,morphological,electrical physiological and behavioral changes featuring the disability of reasoning and learning,memory loss,inattention and hypophrenia.In recent years,more attention has been attached to the field of medicine.In this review,a progress of cognitive disorder was systematically explored over the pathogenesis and treatment of both TCM and western medicine,and investigated multi-targets and multiple methods of Chinese herbal researches at multiple stages for expanding the range of clinical application of TCM,enriching and developing the theory of TCM compatibility,and promoting the advantages of TCM syndrome differentiation.