Objective:To explore family environment of children with lea rning disorder.Method:153 children with learning disorder and 153 control were tested with FES(family environment scale),SCL-90 and PCCS(parentin g locus of control scale).Results:The scores of cohesion,expressive ness,achievement orientation,and intellectual-culture orientation were lower tha n control(p

Objective To set up the experimental animal model of the filial rats exposed clozapine in the pregnant clay and expect to know what is the effect on the offspring exposed the antipsychiatrie in gestation.Methods Female Wister rats were divided into both the control group (n=17)and elozapine group (n=2.5) which were intraperitoneally injected saline and clozapine respectively from pregnant day 6 to day 15,and their pup rats were examined development indexes such as the physical growth ,neural reflex,neural behavior and the expression of MAPK44/42 in brain in neonatal stage.Results it was shown that clozapine- exposed in pregnant day lead to the retardation of the weight of filial rats in earlier age such as postnatal day 4 (PND4) and PND7(F=12.56/7.51,P=0.001/0.008).As for neural reflex,the time of cliff avoidance of rats was significantly delayed in PND 3 and day 9 (F=4.969/4.348 ; P=0.03/0.041),and the ratio of positive response of air righting decreased compared with the control group in PND13 and PND15 (F=7.959/6.475,P=0.007/0.016).There was no difference between two groups on the behavior of the filial rats in the open field of filial rats.The expression of PhoMAPK44/42 in hippocampi of exposed-clozapine offspring in PND15 was significantly lower than the control' s(F=18.729/23.824,P=0.001) ,however,no difference was demonstrated on the expression of MAPK44/42 in hippocamaias well as the expression of both Pho-MAPK44/42 and MAPK44/42 in forehead cortex in two groups.Conclusion The resuits suggest the aberration of both physical and mental development of filial rats exposed clozapine in gestation.

OBJECTIVE To investigate and analyze the pathogenic bacteria of burn infection and their drug resistance in recent 5 years from 2001.METHODS The patients were divided into two groups.The group 1 included patients from Jun 1996 to May 2001 and the group 2 was from Jun 2001 to Jun 2006.Burn wound bacteria were cultured,and identified and their drug sensitivity was analyzed.RESULTS In burn wound culture,in group 2 Pseudomonas aeruginosa with the rate of 30% was still in the 1st place.Staphylococcus aureus was in the 2nd place with the rate of 28.2%.The G-bacilli comprised 58.2% and the G+ cocci 40.3 %.Proteus mirabilis,Acinetobacter baumannii,Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans increased remarkably.The drug resistant percentage of P.aeruginosa,Enterobacter cloacae and Escherichia coli to third generation cephalosporin increased greatly.CONCLUSIONS The changes of pathogenic bacteria of burn infection and bacteria drug resistance have certain relations with the wide usage of broad spectum antibiotics such as cephalosporin and imipenem.

Objective To research whether double antiplatelet drug combined with pantoprazole can reduce digestive tract damage,or aggravate cardiovascular system side effect.Methods 270 patients diagnosed as ischemic stroke received double antiplatelet drug were randomly divided into two groups.The treatment group received panto-prazole,the control group did not took any gastric drug.The side effect of the digestive and cardiovascular system was observed.Results 268 patients were followed up for 90 days,and digestive system side effect of the treatment group (136 cases)included indigestion in 26 cases(19.11%),stool occult blood(+)in 11 cases(8.08%),melena in 8 cases(5.89%),hematemesis in 0 case,and the control group (132 cases)included indigestion in 42 cases (31.82%),stool occult blood(+)in 23 cases(17.42%),melena in 19 cases(14.39%),hematemesis in 4 cases. There were significant differences between the two groups(χ2 =6.66,4.56,11.2 and 4.18,all P <0.05).Cardiovas-cular system side effect of the treatment group included palpitation or chest distress or chest pain in 4 cases (3.68%),myocardial ischemia diagnosed by electrocardiogram in 4 cases(2.94%),myocardial infarction and died of cardiovascular disease in 0 case,and the control group included palpitation or chest distress or chest pain in 4 cases (3.00%),myocardial ischemia diagnosed by electrocardiogram in 3 cases(2.27%),myocardial infarction and died of cardiovascular disease in 0 case.There were no statistical differences between the two groups(χ2 =6.66 and 4.56, both P >0.05 ).Conclusion Double antiplatelet drug combined with pantoprazole had a positive significance in reducing the digestive tract damage of ischemic stroke patients,and didn't increase the incidence of cardiovascular sys-tem side effect.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of human bocavirus(HBoV)among children with acute respiratory tract infection(ARTI)in Guangdong Province.Methods Four hundred and forty-seven nasopharyngeal aspirates or swabs samples from children with ARTI in Guangdong Province were collected from June 2007 to May 2008.HBoV capsid protein VP gene fragments were detected using polymerase chain reaction(PCR).Positive PCR products were sequenced.The DNA and translated amino acid sequences were aligned with known HBoV sequences in GenBank and phylogenetic analysis was also done.Results The positive rate of HBOV was 5.1%of samples from 447 ARTI cases.Ten samples were positive for both HBoV and other respiratory virus,which was 43.5%of positive samples.The main diagnosis for HBoV positive children included wheezing pneumonia,bronchiolitis and bronchial pneumonia.HBoV positive children ranged from 42 days to 6 years old,and most of them were younger than one year.HBOV infection was more common during summer,early autumn and late spring.Through sequence alignment and phylogenetie analysis,the DNA sequences and amino acid sequences of VP gene fragments of isolated HBoV strains showed 97.8%-98.8%and 99.3%-100.0%identity with ST1,respectively.Conclusions HBoV is one of the important pathogens of lower respiratory tract infection in children in Guangdong Province,which is more prevalent in infants younger than one year.Although VP gene fragment of HBoV is conservative in general,there are still some missense mutations.

AIM: To detect the expression of cytoplasmic inhibitor of apoptosis protein 2 (c-IAP2) and growth arrest-specific gene 1 (GAS1) in Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) and anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) and to investigate the role of two genes in the pathogenesis of HL and ALCL.METHODS: HE staining,the antibodies CD30,CD15,CD45RO and CD20 were used to screen the cases of HL and ALCL from 288 cases of lymphoma. The clarified HL and ALCL were subjected for immunohistochemical staining by SP and ABC methods to analyze the expression of c-IAP2 and GAS1. RESULTS: ①The positive rate of c-IAP2 in HL was 25/26(96.1%) while that in ALCL was 6/19(31.6%),there presented statistic significance between HL and ALCL groups( P

AIM: This study is based on the result of the study in HL and ALCL employing gene chip technique, in which writer found that there was distinctly different expression of caspase-4 between HL and ALCL cell lines at the level of mRNA. From the point of view, we try to identify at the level of protein whether there is different expression of this gene in HL and ALCL tissues as well. METHODS: HE staining, the monoclonal antibodies CD30 (BerH2), CD15 (C3D-1), CD20 (L26) and CD45RO (UCHL1) were used for selecting the cases of HL and ALCL. Specific high affinitive anti-caspase-4 polyclonal antibody was used by immunohistochemical staining to analyze the expression of caspase-4 in 18 cases of HL and 15 cases of ALCL. RESULTS: The expression of caspase-4 demonstrated a strong positive staining in all ALCL cases (15/15,100%), whereas negative in 16 HL cases (88 8%), while other two cases were weakly stained (11 2%), showing a distinct difference (P

Objective To investigate the expressions of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α),tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR)1 and TNFR2 in different cervical lesions and their relationships with clinicopathological characteristics.Methods Forty-one cases of cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) patients (CSCC group) treated in 254th Hospital of People's Liberation Army from January 2015 to December 2017 wereselected as the subjects.Forty-nine cases of high grde squmous intrepithelial lesion (HSIL) (HSIL group) and fifty cases of uterine myoma (normal group) were selected as control groups.The expression of TNF-α in cervical tissues of different lesions was detected by immunohistochemistry.The expressions of TNF-α mRNA,TNFR1 mRNA and TNFR2 mRNA were detected by quantificational real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).The expression level of TNFR1 and TNFR2 proteins are measured by Western blotting.The relationships between the expression level of TNF-α mRNA,TNFR1 mRNA and the clinicopathological characteristics of patients were analyzed.Results The positive rates of TNF-α in the normal group,the HSIL group and the CSCC group were 8.0％ (4/50),59.2％ (29/49) and 73.2％ (30/41).The difference between three groups was statistically significant (x2 =44.786,P ＜ 0.001).The positive rates of the HSIL group and the CSCC group were significantly higher than that in the normal group,the difference was statistically significant (x2 =29.175,P ＜ 0.001;x2 =40.883,P ＜ 0.001),but there was no statistical difference in the positive rates of TNF-α in CSCC group and HSIL group (x2 =1.934,P =0.164).The results of qRT-PCR showed that the expressions of TNF-α mRNA in normal group,HSIL group and CSCC group were 1.32 ± 0.21,3.64 ± 0.41 and 7.51 ± 1.42.The difference of TNF-α mRNA expression among three groups was statistically significant (F =655.800,P ＜ 0.001).The expressions level of TNF-α mRNA in HSIL group and CSCC group were significantly higher than that in normal group (t =31.747,P ＜ 0.001;t =51.012,P ＜ 0.001),and the expression level of CSCC group was significantly higher than that in HSIL group (t =20.039,P ＜ 0.001).The expression levels of TNFR1 mRNA in the normal group,the HSIL group and the CSCC group were 0.42 ± 0.13,0.89 ±0.21 and 2.23 ± 0.46.The relative expression of TNFR1 mRNA between the three groups was statistically significant (F =465.900,P ＜ 0.001).The expression levels of TNFR1 mRNA in group HSIL and CSCC were significantly higher than that in normal group (t =13.357,P ＜ 0.001;t =26.587,P ＜ 0.001),and the expression level of CSCC group was significantly higher than that in HSIL group (t =18.407,P ＜ 0.001).The expression of TNFR2 mRNA in the normal group,the HSIL group and the CSCC group were 0.38 ± 0.14,0.41 ± 0.11 and 0.44 ± 0.12.There was no significant difference between three groups (F =2.633,P =0.075).Western blottting showed that the expression intensity of TNFR1 in the normal group,the HSIL group and the CSCC group were 0.84 ±0.18,1.95 ±0.21 and 3.38 ±0.73,the difference was statistically significant (F =398.000,P ＜ 0.001).The expression intensity of TNFR1 in group HSIL and CSCC were significantly higher than that in normal group (t =18.273,P ＜ 0.001;t =39.894,P ＜ 0.001),and the expression in CSCC group was also significantly higher than that in group HSIL (t =22.357,P ＜ 0.001).The expression intensity of TNRF2 in normal group,HSIL group and CSCC group were 0.98 ± 0.15,1.02 ± 0.17,1.07 ± 0.21,and the difference was not statistically significant (F =2.938,P =0.056).The results of protein detection were in accordance with the results of mRNA detection.The expression of TNF-α mRNA in the CSCC tissues was related to the size of the tumor (t =-8.868,P ＜ 0.001),the degree of differentiation (t =-5.644,P ＜ 0.001),the clinical stage (t =-19.329,P ＜ 0.001),the depth of infiltration (t =-11.170,P ＜0.001),and lymph node metastasis (t =-8.339,P ＜ 0.001).The expression of TNFR1 mRNA was closely related to the tumor size (t =-13.309,P ＜ 0.001),degree of differentiation (t =-13.449,P ＜ 0.001),clinical stage (t =-12.949,P ＜0.001),depth of infiltration (t =-18.124,P ＜0.001),and lymph node metastasis (t =-20.506,P ＜ 0.001).Conclusion In cervical cancer tissues,the expression intensity of TNF-α and TNFR1 increased abnormally,while TNFR2 did not change significantly.The expressions of TNF-α and TNFR1 are positively correlated with the malignancy of cervical cancer.They are potential signals of cervical cancer and are expected to become new therapeutic targets.However,the activation of TNFR2 to downstream signaling pathway is significantly weaker than that of TNFR1.

Objective To analyze and compare the pathological changes of lung tissue in mice infected with the novel H7N9 influenza virus and 2009 pandemic H1N1 influenza virus, respectively, and to preliminarily study the mecha-nisms of acute lung injury induced by those virus infection .Methods SPF 6-week old BALB/c mice ( body weight 18-20 g, male∶female=1∶1) (n=3 in each subgroup) were intranasally infected with H7N9 virus and H1N1 virus, respec-tively.The behavior and survival time of mice after virus infection were observed and the survival rates were analyzed .The heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, intestines, and brain were collected at indicated time points for histopathological exami-nation using H&E staining .The distribution of virus antigen was detected by immunohistochemistry .The neutrophil infiltra-tion was also observed .The correlation of lung injury with virus replication and host immune responses was analyzed .Re-sults The lung and spleen injury of mice infected with H 7N9 virus was slighter and their survival rate (100%) was high-er than those of mice infected with H1N1 virus.The damages of the lung and spleen in H1N1virus-infected mice were more severe than that in H7N9 virus-infected mice, and all the 10 mice in this group died within 9 days after virus inoculation . The distributions of both the virus antigens were mainly in the bronchial epithelial cells , a few stromal cells and alveolar ep-ithelial cells .The levels of virus replication in the two groups were not significantly different .There were more intense neu-trophil infiltration in the lung and inflammatory response in the H 1N1 virus-infected mice than those in the H7N9 virus-in-fected mice .Conclusions There are some differences of the pathological characteristics and extent of lung injury in the mice infected with H7N9 virus and H1N1 virus, respectively.The virus replication is a precipitating factor but not the deci-sive factor of the lung injury , and there is a close relationship between the host immune responses and acute lung injury .

Objective To retrieve relevant literature on risk prediction model for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection among hospitalized patients from databases and evaluate the predictive model. Methods The literature on risk prediction models for MRSA infection among hospitalized patients was retrieved from PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), WanFang data, and VIP database, with a time range from the inception of the database to January 1, 2024. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted data. The Prediction Model Risk of Bias Assessment Tool (PROBAST) was applied to evaluate the risk of bias and applicability of the prediction model in the literature, and descriptive analysis was conducted. Results A total of 12 articles (15 prediction models) were included in this study, with significant differences in the total sample size, the number of MRSA infection events, sample size of modeling, and sample size of validation among the studies. Common predictors in the prediction models were admission to the intensive care unit, antibiotic use, history of residence in nursing facilities, age, chronic kidney disease, and previous hospitalization history. Nine articles conducted internal validation, and three articles conducted both internal and external validation. Nine articles reported the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, and only three articles reported the calibration of the model based on the Hosmer-Lemeshow test. PROBAST analysis showed that 10 articles were assessed as high risk bias, mainly stemming from statistical analysis. Conclusion Most of the MRSA infection risk prediction models in the current literature have good predictive efficacy for MRSA infection, but they all have higher overall risk of bias, and only a few models have undergone external validation. Researchers should follow PROBAST standards to construct and externally validate models in the future so as to develop models suitable for clinical practice.