Objective To evaluate the efficacy of the operation in the treatment of postoperative re-hemorrhage after splenec-tomy with periesophagogastric devascularization for advanced schistosomiasis. Methods Forty-three re-hemorrhage patients,who received varicose ligation combined with pericardial devascularization through left thoracic cavity with esophageal incision from Oc-tober 2002 to October 2011,after splenectomy with periesophagogastric devascularization due to portal vein hypertension,were in-vestigated retrospectively and followed up for 1 to 9 years. Results Forty-three re-hemorrhage patients operated included 27 cas-es of selective operation and 16 cases of emergency operation. The mean follow-up time was 6.8 years. The hemostasis rate was 100%. 0ne died after the operation because of engaging in heavy labor,two had melena and were completely relived with the con-servative treatment,and all the rest had a good recovery. Conclusion The operation of varicose ligation combined with pericardi-al devascularization through left thoracic cavity with esophageal incision in the treatment of postoperative re-hemorrhage after sple-nectomy with periesophagogastric devascularization for advanced schistosomiasis has a satisfied efficacy.

Objective To explore the clinical value of oral ultrasonic contrast agent ultrasonography (OUCAUS) combined with serum monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and cell adhesion molecule-1 (CAM-1) measurement in preoperative staging of stomach carcinoma.Methods 800 gastric cancer patients were diagnosed by electric gastroscopy and OUCAUS.The preoperative staging was measured by OUCAUS and compared with pathologic staging,and serum levels of MCP-1 and CAM-1 were measured with ELISA.Results The total accuracy rate of OUCAUS was 79.9％ in estimating invasive depth of stomach neoplasm,82.9％ in estimating lymphatic metastasis and 88.6％ in estimating distant metastasis respectively.The expression levels of MCP-1 and CAM-1 in serum were closely correlated with invasive degree,lymphatic metastasis,distant metastasis and pathologic staging (all P ＜ 0.05).The total accuracy rate of combining OUCAUS and MCP-1,CAM-1 was 93.0 ％ in estimating invasive depth,93.9％ in estimating lymphatic metastasis and 98.6％ in estimating distant metastasis respectively.The total accuracy rate of combining OUCAUS and MCP-1,CAM-1 in estimating invasive depth,lymphatic metastasis and distant metastasis was significantly higher than that of by OUCAUS alone.Conclusions MCP-1 and CAM-1 serum levels are closely correlated to pathologic staging of gastric cancer.Combining OUCAUS and MCP-1,CAM-1 can increase the accuracy rate determining invasion and metastasis in gastric cancer.

Objective: To measure the distances among anatomic points of bony orbit of Chinese Han-nationality adults. Methods: Bony orbits were measured with the special measuring tools in 86 Chinese adults (62 males and 24 famales), and the results were statistically analysed. Results: Difference between the left and right obits was observed in orbital width, medial distance of superior orbital foramen a and inferior foramen a and c in males. Difference between bilateral orbits was also observed in orbital width and anterior distance of superior orbital fissure in females. Normal values of the distances of anatomic points of adult orbits were then calculated. Conclusion: Normal values of the distances of anatomic points of orbit of male and female adults are concluded.

Subjective: To observe apoptosis of the cells in oral sq uamous cell carcinoma(SCC) induced by cerulenin. Methods: SCC TCA-83 cells and fresh tissue of SCC of tongue from 5 patients were expos ed to cerulenin (10 mg/ml) for 24 hours, then the genosome DNA of the cells was extracted and electrophoresed; the fresh tissue of SCC was assessed by TUNEL labeling. Results: DNA gel electrophoresis showed typical apoptic DNA ladders from TCA-83 cells. The rate (%) of TUNEL-positive cells in cerulenin treated tissue of SCC was 29.0?2.6～40.6?16.2,that in the control 2 . 0?1.7～14.7?0.6 (P

Objective: To compare trophic effects of soluble substances derived from Schwann cells (SC) of neonatal and Wallerian degenerating segments of rats on facial motoneuron (FMN) cultures. Methods: Serum-free conditioned media of Schwann cell cultures (SC-CM) from facial and sciatic nerves of neonatal and Wallerian degenerating segments in adult rats were individually collected and concentrated by ultra-filtration with molecular weight cut-off at 30 000 and 10 000. The growth activities of FMNs in vitro were determined by means of MTT assay under the condition of serum-free medium added with different components of concentrated SC-CMs (SC-CMCs). The absorbance values were then statistically analyzed. Results: Survival and growth rate of FMN cultures in four kinds of SC-CMCs were significantly higher than that in media both with serum and non-serum and the difference between SC-CMCs was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Neurotrophic molecules were predominantly protein or peptide components with relative molecular weight larger than 30 000 and their trophic activity was positively related to total protein concentration in SC-CMCs. Conclusion: There were soluble trophic molecules with relative molecular weight larger than 30 000 for survival and neurite growth of FMN cultures in media with SC-CMCs derived from facial and sciatic nerves of neonatal rats and with SC-CMCs derived from Wallerian degenerating facial and sciatic nerves of adult rats. It might be reasonable to choose SC from sciatic nerves of rats on account of the findings from SC cultures on facial motoneurons.

Objective: Full expression of class I HLA molecules on tumor cells is pivotal in priming the tumor antigen-specific CTLs for effective iramunotherapies. Tumor cells display abnonnal expression of HLA class I molecules in human ovarian carcinoma. Methods: In this study, the expression of class I molecules in human ovarian cancer cells was determined by using Western bloting, immunohistochemistry testing and flow cytometry. The mRNA of TAP (transporter associated with antigen processing) and LMP(low molecular weight polypeptide) were exannined at the same time by RT-PCR. Results: It has been shown that class I molecules were unable to be, or only weakly, expressed in five of eight ovarian cancer cell lines. On these cell lines abnormal in class I expression, no or only little mRNA were detected for TAP1, TAP2, LMP2 and(or) LMP7 genes. Class I expression, however, could be partially recovered by incubating the tumor cells at 25℃ when compared with those at 37℃ . Conclusion: The results suggested that the dysfunction of TAP and IMP genes, following by a defective expression of class I molecules, might be one of the mechanisms enable ovarian cancer cells to escape from immune surveillance.

Objective To investigate the relationship of the interaction between age and polymorphisms of E-selectin gene A561C, chemokine receptor CCR2 gene A190G with the susceptibility, invasion and metastasis of gastric carcinoma.Methods Based on tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) staging classification, 750 patients with confirmed gastric carcinoma in our hospital from December 2011 to November 2014 were divided into 5 groups: stage Ⅰ, stage Ⅱ , stage Ⅲ, stage Ⅳ and stage 0 (n=150, each).No significant difference was observed in gender, ethnicity, birthplace and living habits among the 5 groups.Meanwhile, 750 healthy controls were selected in this study during the same time, and there was no significant difference in gender, ethnicity and birthplace between the healthy controls and patients with gastric carcinoma.The genetic polymorphisms of E-selectin gene A561C and chemokine receptor CCR2 gene A190G were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphisms (PCR-RFLP) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMs).Results The frequencies of CC (A561C) and GG (A190G) genotypes were 56.5％ and 56.8％ respectively in gastric carcinoma cases and 22.8％ and 23.1％ respectively in healthy controls, with statistically significant differences in the distribution frequencies between the two groups (P＜0.01 for all).The risk for gastric carcinoma significantly increased in subjects with CC (A561C) genotype (OR=4.4038, 95％CI=2.9421-7.2397) and in GG (190A/G) genotype (OR=4.3852, 95％ CI =2.8207-7.4942).Combined analysis of the polymorphisms showed that the distribution frequency of CC (A561C) genotype / GG (190A/G) genotype in gastric carcinoma cases and healthy controls was 46.4％ and 11.9％ respectively (P＜0.01).The positive interactions of age with CC (A561C) genotype and GG (190A/G) genotype for the risk of invasion and metastasis of gastric carcinoma were found (γ＞1 for both).The distribution frequencies of CC (A561C) genotype and GG (190A/G) genotype were 50.0％ and 50.0％ in stage Ⅰ , 63.4％ and 64.0％ in stage Ⅱ ,69.3％ and 69.3％ in stage Ⅲ, 76.7％ and 77.3％ in stage Ⅳ, and 23.3％ and 23.3％ in stage 0 respectively.Statistically significant differences were found in the distribution frequencies between stage 0 and the other 4 stages (P＜0.01 for all).The risks for the invasion and metastasis of gastric carcinoma were significantly increased in subjects with CC (A561C) genotype (ORⅠ-Ⅳ =3.2857-10.7959) and in those with GG (190A/G) genotype (ORⅠ-Ⅳ =3.2857-11.2101).Combined analysis of the polymorphisms showed that distribution frequency of CC (A561C) genotype / GG (190A/G) genotype had significant differences between the stage Ⅰ ～Ⅳ and stage 0 (39.3％, 53.3％, 59.3％,68.0％ vs.12.0％, P＜0.01).The proportion of elderly subjects were higher in Grade Ⅰ ～Ⅳ than in Grade 0 (51.3％, 62.7％, 70.0％, 75.3％ vs.26.7％, P＜0.01 for all).The risk for invasion and metastasis of gastric carcinoma was significantly increased in elderly patients (ORⅠ-Ⅳ =2.9001 ～8.3986).The positive interactions of age with CC (A561C) genotype and GG (190A/G) genotype for the risk of invasion and metastasis of gastric carcinoma were found (γ＞ 1 for All).Conclusions Age and E-selectin gene A561C (CC) and chemokine receptor CCR2 gene A190G (GG) are the risk factors for the invasion and metastasis of gastric carcinoma, and the interactions between age and genetic polymorphisms increase the risk of invasion and metastasis of gastric carcinoma.

SUMMARY Our work focused on the studies on the expression and function of transient receptor poten -tial vanilloid subtype 1 ( TRPV1) in the submandibular gland .By using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction ( RT-PCR ) , Western blotting , and immunofluorescence , our data demonstrated the expression and distribution characteristics of TRPV 1 in rabbit and human submandibular glands , as well as rat submandibular gland cell line SMG-C6.Furthermore, the possible intracellular signal molecules involved in the TRPV1-modulated saliva secretion were explored .Activation of TRPV1 increased the intracellular Ca2+concentration, upregulated the expression of aquaporin 5 (AQP5), the main transpor-ter that mediate water secretion through transcellular pathway , and led to AQP5 redistribution .Extracel-lular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 ( ERK1/2 ) was involved in the TRPV1-regulated AQP5 content. Besides, TRPV1 activation also modulated the expression , distribution, and function of tight junction protein, and increased paracellular permeability .ERK1/2 and myosin light chain 2 ( MLC2 ) were responsible for the regulation of TRPV1on tight junction properties.Taken together, our work suggested that TRPV1 was a potential target to promote saliva secretion , and activation of TRPV1 might provide a new and safe therapeutic strategy to ameliorate submandibular gland hypofunction .

Objective To explore the role of parecoxib in protection of learning and memory ablility in rats with global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Methods Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into a sham group (S group), a ischemia/reperfusion group (I/R group), and a ischemia/reperfusion with parecoxib group (I/R+PA group). Global cerebral ischemia was induced by Pulsinelli 4-vessel occlusion. 72 h after reperfusion, Morris water maze was used to assess spatial learning and memory ability for consecutive five days. The histological changes in the hippocampus were detected by Nissl staining. Results As compared with the I/R group, rats in S guoup and I/R+PA group had a significantly shortened escape latency (P<0.05), and had significantly longer dwelling time in the former platform quadrant and more frequent cross-platform movement in the Morris water maze test. Conclusions Parecoxib plays a role in protection of learning and memory ability in rats with global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Objective To evaluate the effect of acute hypoxia on the contractile function of isolated small pulmonary arteries in patients with moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods Seven patients with lung cancer,of both sexes,scheduled for elective pulmonary lobectomy,with no pulmonary hypertension and with normal pulmonary function after examination,were included in the study.Six cases were diagnosed as having moderate COPD.Lung tissues 5 cm away from the tumor tissues were taken during operation and the small pulmonary arteries were isolated and divided into 2 groups:control group (n =7) and COPD group (n =6).The contractile amplitude of small pulmonary arteries was detected using vasomotor tone meter under the state of acute hypoxia.Results Contractile amplitude of small pulmonary arteries in response to hypoxic stimulus was significantly decreased in COPD group compared with control group (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Acute hypoxia can further reduce the contractile function of isolated small pulmonary arteries in patients with moderate COPD.