Objective To determine the change in PSD95 mRNA expression in spinal dorsal horn in a rat model of neuropathic pain. Methods Twelve female SD rats weighing 150-200 g were randomized into 2 groups (n = 6 each) : control group in which left sciatic nerve and its branches were exposed but not cut; SNI group in which the branches of the left sciatic nerve-tibial and common fibular nerves were ligated and cut. Pain threshold was measured by foot-lift response to mechanical stimulation of ipsilateral hindpaw with 12 g and 2 g produced by plantar touch stimulator (Ugo Basile Co. Italy) representing hyperalgesia and allodynia respectively, 3 days before, immediately after and on the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 7th, 9th and 11th day after operation. On the 11th day the animals were killed after measurement of pain threshold and L4-6 segment of the spinal cord was removed for determination of expression of NR2B and nNOS by immuno-histochemistry and expression of PSD95 mRNA by RT-PCR.Results Starting from the 5th day after operation all rats in SNI group developed a relative mechanical allodynia. The expression of NR2B and nNOS was mainly distributed in Ⅰ or Ⅱ laminae of dorsal horn. The expression of NR2B and nNOS was significantly higher in SNI group than in control group. The expression of PSD95 mRNA in SNI group was significantly decreased when compared to control group (P

Objective: To study the rate of PTSD after traffic accident in orthopedics and do retrospective analysis. Method: Eighty one patients wounded by traffic accident in orthopedic ward were surveyed. Acute stress reaction (ASR) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) were diagnosed according to CCMD-2-R criteria. SCL-90 and EPQ were also applied. Results: 33 cases (40.7%) were diagnosed as ASR and 31 (38.3%) as PTSD among all subjects. SCL-90 score and nearly all subscores were higher in patients with PTSD than patients without (P

Objective To explore the potential of breast cancer stem cells in differentiating into vascular endothelial cells and participating in the angiogenesis of breast tumor.Methods The expressions of mutant P53, CD31 ,VEGF and Her-2 amplification in tumor blood vessels were detected and the single cell suspension of breast cancer was prepared.CD44+/CD24-/low cells were selected and cultured in culture system.The expressions of CD31 and CD105 on endothelial cell surface were detected by EGM-2 endothelial cell culture medium.The ability of uptake of acetylated low-density lipoprotein was measured.The endothelial cells were cultured in vitro to observe their vascular structure.Results The expressions of CD31,VEGF and mutant P53 were found in paraffin sections of breast cancer tissue samples, and they were arranged along the vessel lumen or blood vessel sphere. Immunofluorescence showed that CD31 and DAPI signals were expressed intravascularly in breast cancer tissues. Four samples of Her-2 positive amplification and 9 cases of non-amplification were detected in the samples.The successful separation of breast cancer stem cells was carried out by immunomagnetic sorting.The percentage of CD44+ cells in the pre-sorting cells was (7.5±2.6)% and that of CD44+ cells was about (94.3±4.7)% after magnetic sorting (P<0.05).The ratio of CD24+ cells was (48.2±9.4)% before sorting,and that of CD24+ cells was (4.3±1.6)% after immunomagnetic bead sorting.The proportion of CD105+ cells in mammary gland cells was (4.5±0.9)% and the proportion of CD31+ cells was (6.2±1.3)%.After cultured for three generations,the percentages of CD105+ cells and CD31+ cells were (79.6±9.3)% and (84.1±10.7)%,respectively (P<0.05). DiL-Ac-LDL could be phagocytized by endothelial cells cultured in endothelial cell culture system.Vessel-like structure was found in the endothelial cell group while the control group did not have the tendency of vascular changes.Conclusion Breast cancer stem cell-derived endothelial cells differentiate into endothelial cells in vitro and have the ability of vascular formation,suggesting that breast cancer stem cells may be involved in the formation of tumor blood vessels.

ObjectiveTo explore the change of the event related potential brain topographic map on depression' mental rotation,and to perfect the brain function relation map for depression in space ability.Methods 32 depression and 29 normal healthy people were tested to make mental rotation tasks in the brain ERP system.The distribution of the changing brain topographic map were observed.Results ( 1 ) Compared with the control group ( error rate ( 29±9 ) ％,response time ( 604.74 ± 54.39 ) ms,the error rate was significantly higher and response time was significantly longer in depression (error rate( 33 ± 15 )％,response time(755.22 ± 70.18 )ms,P＜0.05).(2) Compared with the control group (N100:PZ( -3.78 ± 1.05)μV,CZ( -5.67 ±2.21)μV,P3( -2.34 ±0.59) μV,P4( -2.92 ±0.80) μV ;P500:PZ(7.35 ±2.61 ) μV,CZ(7.65 ± 2.42) μV,P3 (6.53 ±2.11 ) μV,P4 ( 7.29 ± 2.57 ) μV ),the total volatility was significantly lower in depression ( N 100:PZ ( - 0.31 ±0.09)μV,CZ( -2.27 ±0.57)μV,P3( -0.30 ±0.07) μV,P4( -0.33 ±0.08) μV;P500:PZ(6.04 ±2.16)μV,CZ ( 5.92 ± 2.01 ) μV,P3 ( 6.02 ± 2.11 ) μV,P4 (6.01 ± 2.34 ) μV,P ＜ 0.05 ) and the excitability difference of the left and right parietal-occipital lobe was disappeared (P＞0.05) ; Compared with the control group,in N100 the normal and mirror excitability was significantly lower,and in P500 the normal excitability was significantly lower,but mirror was significantly higher in depression (P ＜ 0.05 ).Compared with the left and right brain,the normal excitability in the right parietal-occipital lobe was significant higher (P ＜ 0.05 ),but the mirror excitement difference was disappeared in depression (P＞ 0.05 ),and the normal and mirror excitement in the right parietal-occipital lobe was both significantly higher in normal healthy people (P ＜ 0.05 ).ConclusionDepressed patients; mental rotation ability is impaired.And the negative potential for looking forward to reaction is lower and exist the right advantage hemisphere brain in normal,but mirror advantage hemisphere disappears in depressed patients.This study suggests the brain topographic map of mental rotation ability damaged can be used as the clinical auxiliary diagnosis index.

Objective To explore the brain electrophysiological mechanism of object rotation in first-episode schizophrenia.Methods 30 patients with schizophrenia and 28 normal healthy people,who were from the Center for Mental Disease Control and Prevention,Third Hospital of PLA,took part in the mental rotation tasks,then the incubation period and amplitude of P500,and the wrong number and reaction time were measured.Results Compared with control group ( normal:(494.16 ± 34.68 ) ms,( 9.56 ± 2.54) μV; mirror:(496.51 ± 33.10 ) ms,(6.38 ± 2.41 ) μV),schizophrenia' incubation periods were significantly delayed ( normal:( 571.30 ± 51.21 ) ms;mirror:(573.41 ±39.27) ms) and volatility were significantly lower ( normal:(4.26 ± 1.01 ) μV; mirror:(3.61± 1.21 )μV) in normal and mirror rotation (P＜0.05 ).The mirror-normal differences were not significant on the incubation periods of two groups (P ＞ 0.05 ) ; the mirror-normal image differences were not significant on the patient group' volatility (P ＞ 0.05 ) ; the normal volatility was significantly higher than mirror in the control group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Schizophrenia'mental rotation ability is impaired,and mirror-normal differences on mental rotation are disappeared.It can be used as an early-stage clinical auxiliary diagnosis index.

Micro-hardness of human teeth was measured by micro hardnessmentry at different depths i.e. enamal, enamelo-dentinal junction and dentin. A simulated dental friction test was conducted of respectively in these three areas, opposing pure titanium ball under a modified fretting machine. The results showed that micro-hardness is 320.40 +/- 22.77 HV of enamal, 232.26 +/- 32.31 HV of enamelo-dentinal junction, and 61.17 +/- 9.42 HV of dentin (P < 0.05). Wear depth is 17.33 +/- 0.58 microns of enamal, 49.44 +/- 16.47 microns of enamelo-dentinal junction and 95.20 +/- 15.07 microns of dentin(P < 0.05). Wear resistance of enamal is much better than that of dentin's. This preliminary investigation should be very useful in clinical applications.
Adult ; Hardness ; Hardness Tests ; methods ; Humans ; Tooth ; anatomy & histology ; physiology

Objective To determine if there is any difference in neuronal and glial(astrocytic and microglial)activation in the spinal cord in three rat models of neuropathic pain.Methods Twenty-four SD rats weighing 150-200 g were randomly divided into 4 groups(n=6 each):Ⅰ control group;Ⅱ chronic constrictive injury group(CCI);Ⅲ spinal nerve ligation group(SNL)and Ⅳ spared nerve injury(SNI).No operation was performed in control group.In CCI group left sciatic nerve was exposed and loosely ligated with catgut.In SNL group the L_5 spinal nerve was exposed and ligated with silk suture and cut.In SNI group tibial nerve and common fibular nerve were ligated and cut.Pain threshold was measured using plantar tactile stimulator(Ugo,Basile Co. Italy)every other day from 3 days before until 15 days after operation.50% paw withdrawal threshold was measured using up-and-down sequential mechanical stimulation of different intensity(0.45,0.70,1.20,2.00, 3.63,5.50,8.50,15.10 g)applied to the plantar surface of the injured paw.On the 15~(th) day after operation after pain threshold was measured the animals were anesthetized with intraperitoneal 10% chloral hydrate 400 mg? kg~(-1).The L_(5,6) segment of the spinal cord was isolated.Neuronal,astrocytic and microglial activation was determined by immuno-histochemistry with antibodies of c-Fos(a proto-oncogene protein),GFAP(an astrocyte marker)and OX-42(a microglial marker).Results The 50% paw withdrawal threshold reached the lowest level on the 7~(th) day after operation.The lowest level was maintained until the 15~(th) day after operation in group CCI,SNL and SNI.The 50 % paw withdrawal threshold was(14.1+1.5)g in control group,(2.5+0.5)g in CCI group, (1.5?0.6)g in group SNL and(0.8?0.4)g in group SNI.The number of c-Fos positive neurons in laminae Ⅳ-Ⅵ of dorsal horn was significantly greater in group CCI,SNL and SNI than in control group,but there was no significant difference among the 3 peripheral nerve injury groups.The activation of astrocytes and microglias in laminae Ⅰ-Ⅳ of dorsal horn was significantly increased in group CCI,SNL and SNI than in control group but there was no significant difference among the 3 peripheral nerve injury groups.Condusion There is no significant difference in activation of neurons and astrocytes and microglias in the ipsilateral dorsal horn among the 3 pain models.

Background: and Purpose To examine the clinical and safety outcomes after endovascular treatment (EVT) for acute basilar artery occlusion (BAO) with different anesthetic modalities. Methods: This was a retrospective analysis using data from the Endovascular Treatment for Acute Basilar Artery Occlusion (ATTENTION) registry. Patients were divided into two groups defined by anesthetic modality performed during EVT: general anesthesia (GA) or non-general anesthesia (non-GA). The association between anesthetic management and clinical outcomes was evaluated in a propensity score matched (PSM) cohort and an inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) cohort to adjust for imbalances between the two groups. Results: Our analytic sample included 1,672 patients from 48 centers. The anesthetic modality was GA in 769 (46.0%) and non-GA in 903 (54.0%) patients. In our primary analysis with the PSM-based cohort, non-GA was comparable to GA concerning the primary outcome (adjusted common odds ratio [acOR], 1.01; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.82 to 1.25; P=0.91). Mortality at 90 days was 38.4% in the GA group and 35.8% in the non-GA group (adjusted risk ratio, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.83 to 1.08; P=0.44). In our secondary analysis with the IPTW-based cohort, the anesthetic modality was significantly associated with the distribution of modified Rankin Scale at 90 days (acOR: 1.45 [95% CI: 1.20 to 1.75]). Conclusion In this nationally-representative observational study, acute ischemic stroke patients due to BAO undergoing EVT without GA had similar clinical and safety outcomes compared with patients treated with GA. These findings provide the basis for large-scale randomized controlled trials to test whether anesthetic management provides meaningful clinical effects for patients undergoing EVT.

The stem and branch extract of Tripterygium wilfordii (Celastraceae) afforded seven new dihydroagarofuran sesquiterpene polyesters [tripterysines A-G (1-7)] and eight known ones (8-15). The chemical structures of these new compounds were established based on combinational analysis of HR-ESI-MS and NMR techniques. The absolute configurations of tripterysines A-C (1-3) and E-G (5-7) were determined by X-ray crystallographic analysis and circular dichroism spectra. All the compounds were screened for their inhibitory effect on inflammation through determining their inhibitory effect on nitric oxide production in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells and the secretion of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 in LPS-induced BV2 macrophages. Compound 9 exhibited significant inhibitory activity on NO production with an IC₅₀ value of 8.77 μmol·L^-1. Moreover, compound 7 showed the strongest inhibitory effect with the secretion of IL-6 at 27.36%.
Tripterygium/chemistry* ; Esters/pharmacology* ; Interleukin-6 ; Lipopolysaccharides/pharmacology* ; Plant Leaves/chemistry* ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents/chemistry* ; Nitric Oxide/analysis* ; Sesquiterpenes/chemistry* ; Molecular Structure