Congenital hydronephrosis is a common disease in children,causes and pathogenesis re-mains unclear.Hydronephrosis formation process is a slow and gradual development to the dynamic process of renal fibrosis.It involves a variety of cells,cytokines and ECM,more than aspects of interaction and mu-tual adjustment.The study found abroad that CTGF is closely related to the formation of congenital hydrone-phrosis.This article reviews the recent progress made CTGF relationship with congenital hydronephrosis formed on.

Objective To analyze the electrocardiography ( ECG ) data of pressure overload ?induced chronic heart failure rats. Methods Totally 20 SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group and heart failure group. Heart failure rats were induced by abdominal aorta constriction. Echocardiogram measurement demonstrated the occurrence of cardiac function. Two lead ECG parameters of limb a was measured and statistically analyzed. Results Ten weeks after operation, there was a increase in heart rate, P amplitude, P duration and R amplitude comparing by those of the sham operation group (P < 0?05). ECG showed a significant and ubiquitous J point elevation (P < 0?05), with ST segment notable depression ( P < 0?05 ) . Conclusions ECG in pressure?overload chronicity heart failure rats exhibits obviously characteristic features. ECG is an useful tool for objective and accurate assessment of cardiac function in rats.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of ultrasound-guided popliteal vein catheter thrombolysis for acute deep venous thrombosis of the lower extremity.Methods Clinical data were retrospectively analyzed on 120 patients of unilateral acute lower extremity deep vein thrombosis from April 2010 to April 2013.60 cases were included in systemic thrombolytic group; 60 cases into catheter directed thrombolysis group.Thrombolysis rate and limb swelling reduction rate were calculated and compared between the two groups.Results Due to limb swelling rate,in systemic thrombolysis group:Thigh swelling reduction rate was (77 ± 9) ％ ; Leg swelling reduction rate was (70 ± 11) ％,while in catheter directed thrombolys group,that was (87 ± 5) ％,and (80 ± 9) ％,respectively (P ＜ 0.05).The thrombolysis rate in systemic group was (59 ± 14)％,that was (71 ± 13)％ in catheter directed thrombolysis group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Ultrasound guided precutaneous catheter popliteal vein thrombolysis significantly improves the short-term outcome of deep venous thrombosis in terms of leg swelling reduction rate and thrombolysis reduction rate.

Exosomes are cell-derived vesicles and have biological activity.The diameter of exosomes is between 30 and 120 nm.Exosomes participate in the invasion,metastasis and multi-drug resistance of malignant tumors.In the field of radiotherapy,it has been proven that radiation-induced changes in the secretion of exosomes from tumor cells can affect intercellular communication and enhance the radiotherapy resistance of tumor cells.In this article,the research progress on exosomes in the radiotherapy for malignant tumors was reviewed.

Objective:To evaluate Castor single-branch covered-stent in the treatment of Stanford B aortic dissection(TBAD)with insufficient anchorage zone.Methods:Clinical data of 25 TBAD patients (proximal healthy landing zone ≤15 mm) treated with Castor branched stent-graft at Weifang People's Hospital from Apr 2019 to Sep 2021 were analyzed retrospectively.The stent model was selected according to preoperative CTA examination and intraoperative angiography,the operation result and follow up data were reviewed.Results:The operation success rate was 100%,the mean operative time was (137.8±35.8)min, and the mean blood loss was (52.8±24.5)ml. There were 2 cases of internal leakage (IA) and it was disappeared after balloon dilation, Branched stent stenosis occurred in 2 cases and relieved by balloon dilatation. The mean follow-up time was 14.6 months, and the patency rate of branch stent was 100% during the follow-up period. The true lumen diameter of thoracic aorta was significantly expanded and the false lumen diameter was significantly reduced 3 months after surgery compared with that before surgery ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Castor stenting in the treatment of TBAD with insufficient proximal anchoring area is simple and feasible, with satisfactory short term clinical effect.