The patient presented with dry cough, lending, fever and progressive dyspnea for two weeks. The patient had a prior respiratory infection history and the symptoms were not obvious, Early X-ray showed lung infection. Under the fibrolaryngoscope, the lingual surfaces of the epiglottis, epiglottic vallecula, and bilateral vocal cords were covered by yellow pseudomembrane. The motion of vocal cords was normal with poor glottic closure, and no ulcer was noted. Endotracheal mucosa was swelling and congested with an uneven surface, and purulent discharge and pseudomembrane was formed. Pathological examination revealed Aspergillus. The disease was diagnosed as Aspergillus laryngotracheobronchitis.
Adult ; Aspergillosis ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; Aspergillus ; Bronchitis ; diagnosis ; microbiology ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Male

objective:To study the etiopathogenisis、clinical features、diagnosis and treatments of monostotic fibrous dysplasia of the sphenoid sinus. Method:Two cases of monostotic fibrous dysplasia of the sphenoid sinus without any symptoms was reported with relevant literature review.Result: No aggravation was found after 6 months-follow-up.Conclusion:The cranial fibrous displasia has low incidence rate with non-specific symptoms and high rate of misdiagnosis. The monostotic fibrous dysplasia of the sphenoid sinus without any symptom is rarely seen clinically. Imageological examination,for example,CT and MRI,is valuable for the diagnosis of this disease. The histopathological evidence is absolutely necessary to make definite diagnosis. The conservative treatment may be chosen for the asymptomatic cases. Nasal Endoscopic surgery can not only remove the diseased region but also make diagnosis.The long-term follow-up should be carried out in all of these patients.

OBJECTIVE To detect the effects of miR-107 on the proliferation, apoptosis and inflammatory factors of human nasal mucosal epithelial cells(HNMECs) induced by Lipopolysaccharides(LPS), and to elucidate the potential molecular mechanism. METHODS The expression changes of miR-107 and HMGBl(High mobility group box 1) in 1 mg/L LPS induced HNMECs before and after LPS induction were detected by using quantitative realtime PCR. LPS induced-HNMECs were transfected with miR-107 agomir and agomir control, and 3-(4, 5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2, 5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide(MTT) assay, flow cytometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) were performed to detect cell proliferation, apoptosis and inflammatory factors. Dual luciferase reporter assay and Western blots were applied to verify whether HMGB1 was a target gene of miR-107. RESULTS The expression of miR-107 in HNMECs after LPS induction was significantly lower than that before induction(t =9.35, P ＜0.05), while the expression of HMGB1 in HNMECs after LPS induction was significantly higher than that before induction(t =13.07, P＜0.05). Compared with transfected agomir control, transfection of miR-107 agomir in HNMECs significantly inhibited cell proliferation (F =17.12, P ＜0.05) and decreased inflammatory factor TNF-α(t =6.11, P ＜0.05). IL-1β(t =6.90, P ＜0.05) and IL-6(t =8.18, P ＜0.05) expression levels, and increased apoptosis rate(t =7.49, P ＜0.05). HMGB1 was a target gene of miR-107, and transfection of miR-107 agomir in HNMECs after LPS induction could significantly reduce the expression of HMGB1 protein (t =28.56, P ＜0.05). CONCLUSION miR-107 is upregulated in HNMECs after LPS induction, while HMGB1 is down-regulated. Overexpression of miR-107 significantly inhibits the proliferation of HNMECs and the expression of inflammatory factors after LPS induction, and promotes apoptosis. HMGB1 is a target gene of miR-107, suggesting that miR-107 may play a regulatory role by regulating HMGB1.

OBJECTIVE: To study the etiopathogenesis, clinical features, diagnosis and treatments of monostotic fibrous dysplasia of the sphenoid sinus. METHOD: Two cases of monostotic fibrous dysplasia of the sphenoid sinus without any symptoms was reported with relevant literature review. RESULT: No aggravation was found after 6 months-follow-up. CONCLUSION The cranial fibrous dysplasia has low incidence rate with non-specific symptoms and high rate of misdiagnosis. The monostotic fibrous dysplasia of the sphenoid sinus without any symptom is rarely seen clinically. Imagiological examination, for example, CT and MRI, is valuable for the diagnosis of this disease. The histopathological evidence is absolutely necessary to make definite diagnosis. The conservative treatment may be chosen for the asymptomatic cases. Nasal Endoscopic surgery can not only remove the diseased region but also make diagnosis. The long-term follow-up should be carried out in all of these patients.
Adult ; Female ; Fibrous Dysplasia, Monostotic ; Humans ; Male ; Sphenoid Sinus ; pathology

Purpose To perform MRI examination after the death of SD rat model due to cerebral infarction and to investigate the changing characteristics of cerebral infarction during postmortem examination. Materials and Methods Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model was established on 21 SD rats by applying modified suture method. 13 to 56 h after modeling, 12 dead SD rats were collected for the experiment. The bodies were stored at an environment with a temperature of 10-15°C and relative humidity of 45%-55%. Head MRI was performed 12 h after modeling and at 8, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h after death respectively, and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of infarction and contralateral brain tissue were calculated. At each post-mortem time point, ADC values of bilateral cerebral hemispheres, ADC values of infarction and living infarction, and ADC values of non-infarcted brain and living non-infarcted zone were compared. Brain tissue was taken after scan for pathological diagnosis and compared with diagnostic results of postmortem MRI (pmMRI). Results The right cerebral signal of rats was abnormal 12 h after cerebral infarction and after death. Eight rats were found to have shifted cerebral middle-line structure to the left. ADC values of infarction at each time point after death were lower than that of non-infarction, the difference of which was statistically significant (P<0.05); ADC values of infarction were lower than that of living infarction, the difference of which was statistically significant (P<0.05); ADC value of non-infarcted area at each time point was lower than that of living non-infarcted area, the difference of which was statistically significant (P<0.05). Necrosis and disintegration of neurons, disintegration and liquefaction of glial fibers, infiltration of inflammatory cells and leakage of red blood cells were spotted in necrotic areas after receiving cerebral HE staining in rat. HE staining was consistent with the infarction zone indicated by pmMRI. Conclusion pmMRI can be used for the diagnosis of cerebral infarction via virtual necropsy.

OBJECTIVE To study the antiinflammatory function of human beta defensin 2(hβD-2) on acute rhinosinusitis in rats,in order to provide a new therapy for acute rhinosinusitis.METHODS Acute rhinosinusitis model were established on SD rats before and after the transfection of plasmid,the rats in experimental group were dropped with recombinant hβD-2 plasmid mixture in nose,while with empty plasmid mixture in control group.Immunohistochemistry method was used to prove the transfection results,nasal mucosa were hematoxylineosin stained to compare the pathological difference of nasal mucosa,nasal lavage fliud was collected and cultured to compare the colony number of the bacteria.RESULTS The expression of hβD-2 was confirmed by immunohistochemistry method,which mainly distributed in mucosal epithelium and gland,pathological results showed that the inflammation of nasal mucosa in experimental group was significantly relieved than that in control group.The number of Staphylococcus auresus colony number was significantly decreased in experimental group,while there was no significantly change in the control group.CONCLUSION Recombinant hβD-2 plasmid can be successfully transfected into the nasal mucosa of rats and expressed effectively.The anti-inflammatory ability of nasal mucosa was increased after the transfection,which is expected to provide a new treatment approach for acute rhinosinusitis.