Objective To investigate CT and MRI findings of giant cell tumors of the temporal bone(GCTTB).Methods CT and MRI features of 5 cases pathologically proven GCTTB were retrospectively reviewed.The lesion characteristics,including location, size,shape,margin,attenuation on CT scans,signal intensity on MR images,and enhancement pattern were documented and analyzed.Results In all 5 patients,the lesions were located adj acent to the mandibular fossa.These lesions were round or oval in shape,predominantly demonstrated as expansive lytic bone destruction containing hyperattenuating septa,calcifications,non-sclerotic borders,and discontinuous bony shells,with“boundary angle”sign.No soft tissue masses were found around the lesions.These lesions with different content demonstrated various MRI signal intensity,and the solid component enhanced intensely.Conclusion GCTTB is rare.Features such as expansive growing pattern,discontinuous bony shell,intralesional septa,calcification,and “boundary angle”sign are common,which may help in the radiographic diagnosis of giant cell tumor.

Objective To prepare the Target-directed probe(Hab18-SPIO) and to test its phisichemical characteristics. Methods The McAb Target-directed probe(Hab18-SPIO) was prepared through hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) McAb(Hab18) conjugated toSPIO using chemical method,while negative McAb probe(SED-SPIO) was also prepared using the same method.These agents weretested by high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) and electron microscope. Results The results of HPLC and electronmicroscope proved that Hab18 was conjugated SPIO effectively.The diameter of particles was between 50 and 70 nm.The binding rate of Hab18 was 97.5%. Conclusion The probe targeted to membrane-associated antigen of HCC(Hab18g) has been successfully prepared,which has novel physiochemical property.It is of great value in specific MR diagnosis of early HCCs.

BACKGROUND:At present, finite element analysis technology can set up the model, predict diagnosis, treatment design, as wel as surgical plan, and can be used in the treatment of necrosis of femoral head. OBJECTIVE:To sum and discuss recent progress in clinical and experimental research regarding biomechanical study in osteonecrosis of femoral head by using finite element analysis. METHODS:A computer-based retrieval was performed by the authors (Hong Guo-ju and Zhou Guang-quan) in PubMed, Google, SpringerLink, ChinaNational Knowledge Infrastructure databases for literatures published from January 2010 to December 2015. The key words were“(finite element analysis OR finite element) AND (osteonecrosis OR osteonecrosis of femoral head)”. Inclusive criteria:studies with contents closely related to this paper;original papers with reliable topics and evidence;or papers with clear points and al-round analysis and both studies in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:A total of 27 studies were included. The articles in the latest five years related to femoral head osteonecrosis and finite element analysis application were concentrated on. We summarized the latest research progress and problems, including the applied research carried out in the femoral head osteonecrosis clinical cases, innovational skil s, so as to point out the direction of future research in the finite element analysis.

Objective To explore the operative procedure and perioperative management of gastric cancer with liver cirrhosis.Methods Clinical data of 28 cases of gastric cancer with liver cirrhosis who were surgically treated in our hospital during the last seven years were retrospectively analyzed.Preoperatively,a detailed examination,and improvement of their nutritional status,liver function,and prothrombin time were aggressively made,and the possibility of tumor removal was estimated.Seven patients underwent radical proximal subtotal gastrectomy,and 4 of these cases underwent splenectomy and pericardial devascularizaion simultaneously.Five cases underwent total gastrectomy,and 3 of them had splenectomy and pericardial devascularizaion simultaneously.Twelve patients underwent radical distal subtotal gastrectomy,and 5 of these cases had splenectomy and suture of pericardial varices simultaneously.Four patients had palliative distal subtotal gastrectomy.The support of liver function and intense monitoring and management of complications were carried out postoperatively.Results Varying degrees of ascites occurred in all the 28 patients postoperatively,and other complications such as early liver coma occurred in five patients,extensive wound bleeding in three patients,left subdiaphragmatic abscess in one patient and wound infection in two patients.The morbidity rate was 100%(28/28).However,all the complications were recovered by non-surgical treatment.There were no perioperative deaths in this series.Conclusions Gastric cancer patients with liver cirrhosis are at a significant risk of developing postoperative complications.The surgical procedure should the "individual" principle based on liver function,history of upper gastrointestinal bleeding and the location of gastric carcinoma.Good hepatic reserve and perioperative care,meticulous hemostasis during operation,and prevention and treatment of postoperative complications are the likely determinants of operative prognosis.

Objective To study the surgical strategies and techniques for the correction of congenital kyphoscoliosis with hemivertebra and evaluate the surgical results. Methods From June 2010 to June 2011,there were 6 congenital kyphoscoliostic patients with fully segmented hemivertebra were undergone hemivertebra resection through posterior approach, which included 4 males and 2 females with an average age of 15.7 years. The average Cobb angle of scoliosis was 73.4° (range, 52°~87°), the average Cobb angle of segmental kyphosis was 67.4° (range, 43°~89°) . The highest level of hemivertebrae was T9 and the lowest was L2. The surgical strategies were designed as followed:For the 2 cases without structural compensative curve, the posterior hemiverte-brae resection and short segmental internal fixation were performed. For the 4 cases with structural compensative curve, whose Risser signs were classified into 2-5, the hemivertebrae resection and long segmental internal fixa-tion were performed, and the compensative curve was included in the instrumentation level. Results The opera-tion time was 2.5~4.0 h (average,3.5 hours), the blood loss was 700-2 000 mL (mean,1 367 mL) . Numb-ness happened in one lower extremity postoperatively in 1 patient, and the symptom released in 1 month. The aver-age postoperative Cobb angle in coronal plane was 21.4° (11°~28°) with a correction rate of 67.9%. The aver-age postoperative Cobb angle in sagittal plane was 17.8° (12°~35°) with a correction rate of 75.2%. The fol-low-up period was from 26 months to 36 months (average, 26 months),no pseudoarthrosis,and obvious correc-tion loss either in coronal or sagittal plane was noted. Conclusion Hemivertebra resection and individualized oper-ation way has a good capability of correcting congenital kyphoscoliosis caused by hemivertebra.

Objective To evaluate the treatment of acute cholecystitis patients through laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). Methods 387 cases of acute cholecystitis patients who underwent LC were studied retrospectively . Results Of the 387 cases, there were 359 cases of calculus incarcerated cholecystitis , 152 cases of cholecystitis with acute inflammatory symptoms for 72 h or more, 10 cases were converted to Laparotomy (2.6%).The operations lasted for 30~200 min(63.09 ±26.62 min on average),with blood loss about 10~500 mL(51.41 ±32.41 mL on average),and drainage was adopted in 183 cases.No complications developed fol-lowing the surgeries in 3 to 24 months, indicating a 100% cure rate. Conclusion If with good command of rules and techniques during LC operations , It is both safe and feasible to treat acute cholecystitis patients through LC operations .

Objective To study the MR imaging characteristics of benign cerebellar astrocytomas(BCAs) in children. Methods The clinical and MR imaging data of twelve patients with BCAs were reviewed and analyzed retrospectively.Results Of 12 tumors, 7 cases were located in the cerebellar hemisphere, 4 in the vermis, and 1 in the IV ventricle. All children were in company with hydrocephalus rated as extensive (n=9) or moderate (n=3). The tumors ranged in diameter from 23 mm to 68 mm, mean diameter 42 mm. Solid tumors were found in 5 children, and cystic areas occurred in 7 of 12 patients.BCAs were hypointense on T 1-weighted in 10 cases, and hyperintense on T 2WI in 9 cases compared with that of normal brain parenchyma. After contrast injection, BCAs marked (n=2), moderate (n=5), or absent (n=5) enhancement. Hemorrhage and calcification were not common (n=1,0, respectively).Conclusion BCAs has relative characteristic features on MRI in children, and MRI plays an important role in diagnosing and evaluating these tumors preoperatively.

Objective To develop an MR optical dual-modality probe targeting angiogenesis of gastric cancer and to study its physical characteristics , in vitro cytotoxicity and magnetic effects of different pulse sequences on 3 T clinical MR scanner.Methods We conjugated GX1-Cy5.5, a novel gastric cancer neo-vasculature targeted peptide labeled with Cy 5.5, to the surface functionalized magnetic nanoparticles according to different molecular weights (1∶100, 1∶500),resulting in dual-modality probe DPs100 and DPs500 (named DPs).The hydrodynamic size and zeta potential of DPs and DPs 500 were analyzed by nano-ZS.The human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and BGC-823 cells were treated with DPs for 24 h, and methyl thiazol tetrazolium ( MTT) method was used to detect the survival rate of cells.DPs with different concentrations were scanned on different MR sequences , and then the relative signal intensity was observed.The absorbance of HUVECs and BGC823 cells treated with DPs of different concentration (0.00, 1.25, 2.50, 15.00, 50.00, 100.00 and 150.00 μg/ml) were compared with single factor analysis of variance.Relative signal intensity of different MR sequences was compared using a paired Wilcoxon signed-rank test.Results The dual-modality probe targeting angiogenesis of gastric cancer was successfully constructed.The hydrodynamic size of iron oxide nanoparticles , DPs100 and DPs500 was (35.23 ±0.07), (39.49 ±0.16) and (40.43 ±1.70) nm and the Zeta potential was (0.31 ±0.20), ( -4.15 ±0.79) and ( -10.51 ± 2.37) mV.The coupled rates of DPs 100 and DPs500 with polypeptide were 92%and 94% respectively.The absorbance of HUVECs and BGC823 cells treated with DPs of different concentrations were 0.76 ±0.04, 0.80 ±0.03, 0.79 ±0.05, 0.75 ±0.06, 0.74 ±0.05, 0.77 ±0.01,0.71 ±0.04 and 0.38 ±0.04, 0.43 ±0.04, 0.41 ±0.03, 0.43 ±0.07, 0.44 ±0.04, 0.41 ±0.07 and 0.40 ±0.04, there was no statistical significance ( F=0.94, 0.51;P>0.05).The signal intensity increased first and then decreased following the increasing concentrations of DPs on T 1WI,especially on FSPGR T1WI (Z =-3.294,P <0.05), while the signal intensity decreased on T2WI or T2*WI.There was no significant differences in signal intensity on FSE T2 WI and SSFSE T2*WI with iron concentration >10μg/ml( Z=-7.110,P>0.05).With iron concentration≤10 μg/ml,the signal intensity on SSFSE T 2*WI was significantly decreased compared to FSE T2 WI ( Z =-2.023, P <0.05 ) .Conclusions DPs may be potential dual-modal probes for characterization of tumor angiogenesis by MR and optical imaging noninvasively , without causing significant effects on the cell activity in vitro , and SSFSE T2*WI may be the most sensitive sequence for DPs evaluation on MR.

The model of knee OA (KOA) was established in our laboratory with three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction technique based on the CT data. We then designed the unicompartmental prosthesis matching KOA model with parametric software Pro/e 5. 0. Finally, the models were used to mimic the operation of knee unicompantment replacement and the model of unicompartmental knee athroplasty (UKA) was analyzed using 3D finite element method. The results indicates that the approach for designing the model by 3D parametric is effective and meets the need of automation and efficacy to design unicompartmental prosthesis. The results proves that the model is vivid and precise, and the 3D parameteric modeling method can provide biomechanical research of unicompantment replacement with model foundation and new experimental method. It can be widely utilized in the clinics and research.
Algorithms ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee ; methods ; Computer-Aided Design ; Finite Element Analysis ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; methods ; Knee Joint ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Knee Prosthesis ; Prosthesis Design ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

This paper is aimed to acquire high Geometric similar Subject-specific three-dimensional (3D) finite element mesh model of hip joint containing necrotic femoral head according to individual patient's X-ray, CT and MRI by using the image registration and fusion technology. We selected a middle-aged female patient with osteonecrosis of femoral head, obtained the X-ray, CT and MRI images respectively. Then we established 3D solid model separately based on these image data by using Mimics 13. 1 and Pro/E 5.1 software. We confirmed the match points and then proceed the 2D image registration after image projection conversion. Finally we showed the 3D finite element mesh model. A highly geometric similar subject-specific 3D finite element mesh model for osteonecrosis of femoral head has been established, which included normal cortical bone, cancellous bone, articular cartilage and necrotic zone, fractured trabecular bone within the femoral head. The model truly reflects the morphological characteristics and relationship of hip joint with osteonecrosis of femoral head, provides a relatively ideal research platform for further biomechanical analysis and surgical simulation.
Female ; Femur Head Necrosis ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Finite Element Analysis ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; methods ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Middle Aged ; Models, Anatomic ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed