By using a highly sensitive HRP-TMB method, the present study found parasympathetic preganglionic neurons innervating rat stomach originated from the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus(DMV), ambiguus nucleus(AM), reticular formation between DMV and AM(RF). rostroventrolateral reticular nucleus (RVL), lateral parvocelluler reticular nucleus (LRP), paraependymal nucloeus of the vagus (PEV), intercalated nucleus(IC) and retroambiguus nucleus(RA). There was a specific representation area of the stomach in the DMV between 0.3-0.6mm rostral to obex, and the different parts of the stomach had topographical organization within this area. The lateral portion of the DMV mainly innervated the forestomach, the medial and medial-middled portion of the DMV predominantly projected to the antrum/pylorus and corpus, respectively. The right and the left DMV did not show difference in innervating the forestomach and antrum/pylorus, but the corpus was mainly innervated by the right DMV. RF only projected to the forestomach and the corpus. RVL and RA only innervated the forestomach. AM, PEV and IC innervated all the three parts. The relationship between the different neuronal types of the DMV and the different parts of the stomach was first discussed in this paper. The forestomach, corpus and antrum/pylorus received their inputs mainly from the large and small neurons, respectively. The dentrites of the DMV contacting CSF were confirmed.

BACKGROUND:Open reduction and plate internal fixation has become a major repair and treatment method for clavicle fracture, however, this method often causes postoperative local skin numbness and hypoesthesia. Currently, there was stil controversial about the effect of internal fixation on the free protection of supraclavicular nerve. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the clinical significance of supraclavicular nerve dissection and protection on open reduction and plate internal fixation of clavicle fracture. METHODS:Total y 57 patients with the middle third of the clavicle fracture were randomly divided into control group (n=34) and nerve protection group (n=23). Patients in these two groups al underwent plate internal fixation treatment. Patients in the nerve protection group underwent precious identifications and dissections of supraclavicular nerve when approaches were being done, careful y protections in the process of internal fixation. The incidence of local numbness, numbness severity, size, degree of influence on life, the improvement of the degree of numbness and pain were compared during the telephone fol ow-up after 1 year of surgery. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Total y 17 patients were fol owed up in each group. At the time of most serious symptom, 100%of al patients appeared local numbness in the control group, while 16 (94%) patients affected numbness in the nerve protection group. Until the latest fol ow-up, the number of patients with mild numbness symptoms decreased to 7 (41%) in control group and 3 (18%) in the nerve protection group, but there was no significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05). The severity of numbness and the degree of influence on daily life al improved over time. These results suggest that local skin numbness is a higher incidence of complications after the internal fixation for clavicle fracture. The protection of the supraclavicular nerve may help the improvement of the long-term numbness symptoms, but not as good as expected.

Thirty-six cases of delayed tramatic intracranial hematomas are reported in this paper. Among them 9, 5, 10 and 12 cases were epidural, subdural, intracerebral and multiple hematomas, respectively. The initial CT scans showed normal or brain contusions accompanied by a Me hemorrhage in 23 patients, and delayed intracranial hematomas developed after the earlier neurosurgical operations for evacuations of another traumatic mass lessions for urgent decompressions in 13 patients. Delayed hematomas occurred mostly in the acute stage of head injuries and most patients were impacted occipitally. Deterioration of consciousness was the most important manifestation for diagnosis. The responsible mechanisms of delayed intracranial hematomas are investigated and the indications of repeat CT scans or surgery for its early diagnosis are Droposed.

Objective To discuss the value of percutaneous compression plate (PCCP) in treating intertrochanteric fractures. Methods A retrospective study was done on 57 patients with intertrochanteric fractures treated by PCCP from January 2008 to January 2009 to evaluate the operative effect.Results All the fractures were healed in 11-15 weeks after the operation, with no incision infection, hematoma, internal fixation failure or fracture collapse. Two surgical incisions were for 2 cm, with no blood transfusion found in any patient. According to Harris score, the postoperative excellent rate reached 92.6%. Conclusion PCCP can attain similar effect wiht DHS and now is the choice of treatment in treating intertrochanteric fracture in the elderly patients.

Objective: To describe the distribution and drug resistance of pathogens at hematology department of Jiangsu Province from 2014 to 2015 to provide reference for empirical anti-infection treatment. Methods: Pathogens were from hematology department of 26 tertiary hospitals in Jiangsu Province from 2014 to 2015. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was carried out according to a unified protocol using Kirby-Bauer method or agar dilution method. Collection of drug susceptibility results and corresponding patient data were analyzed. Results: The separated pathogens amounted to 4 306. Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 64.26%, while the proportions of gram-positive bacteria and funguses were 26.99% and 8.75% respectively. Common gram-negative bacteria were Escherichia coli (20.48%) , Klebsiella pneumonia (15.40%) , Pseudomonas aeruginosa (8.50%) , Acinetobacter baumannii (5.04%) and Stenotropho-monas maltophilia (3.41%) respectively. CRE amounted to 123 (6.68%) . Common gram-positive bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus (4.92%) , Staphylococcus hominis (4.88%) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (4.71%) respectively. Candida albicans were the main fungus which accounted for 5.43%. The rates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia resistant to carbapenems were 3.5%-6.1% and 5.0%-6.3% respectively. The rates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistant to tobramycin and amikacin were 3.2% and 3.3% respectively. The resistant rates of Acinetobacter baumannii towards tobramycin and cefoperazone/sulbactam were both 19.2%. The rates of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia resistant to minocycline and sulfamethoxazole were 3.5% and 9.3% respectively. The rates of Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis resistant wards vancomycin were 0, 6.4% and 1.4% respectively; also, the rates of them resistant to linezolid were 1.2%, 0 and 1.6% respectively; in addition, the rates of them resistant to teicoplanin were 2.8%, 14.3% and 8.0% respectively. Furthermore, MRSA accounted for 39.15% (83/212) . Conclusions Pathogens were mainly gram-negative bacteria. CRE accounted for 6.68%. The rates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia resistant to carbapenems were lower compared with other antibacterial agents. The rates of gram-positive bacteria resistant to vancomycin, linezolid and teicoplanin were still low. MRSA accounted for 39.15%.