Objective To reduce the misdiagnosis of the inpatients admitted to digest department with abdominal pain through analyzing the consultation undertaken by surgeon.Method The causes and the constituent ratio according to the case records of those inpatients admitted to digest department because of abdominal pain were analyzed.Results The obstruction of hollow viscus was the first cauge(51.07%),and the tumor of digestive tract(17.78%)was the second cause for invitation for consultation to surgeon of the inpatients with abdominal pain in digest department wards.The ultrasound 32.78%,CT 26.67% and gastroenterological endoscope 13.89% were definite diagnosis,and should shorten the time of consultation.Conclusion Whether inpatient or outpatient with abdominal pain should be planned to be examined by ultrasound,CT or gastroenterological endoscope,obgerve the changes of the symptom and sign so that the misdiagnosis can be avoided.

Humanumbilicalveinendothelialcells(HUVECs)weretreatedwith3nmol/Lliraglutidefor10, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 210, 240, and 270 minutes at the concentrations of 5. 5 or 30 mmol/L glucose. Western blot analysis was used to detected protein expression and phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrates-1 ( IRS-1 ) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase ( eNOS ) . The results showed that the baseline level of phosphorylated-eNOS/eNOS was lower in high glucose group than that in normal group(0. 239 ± 0. 016 vs 0. 400 ± 0. 02,P<0. 05). Liraglutide time-dependently increased phosphorylated-eNOS/eNOS and phosphorylated-IRS-1/IRS-1 levels at 5. 5 or 30 mmol/L glucose.

Objective To explore the effect of the temperature-sensitive hydrogel and platelet-rich plasma(PRP)complex on the healing of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)partial tear in a rat model.Method PRP was processed according to an established method and then mixed with poly(ethylene glycol)monomethyl ether and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)(mPEG-PLGA).A total of 110 right knees of Sprague-Dawley male rats (12-week old)were included and randomly divided into a healthy control group (n=10),a lesion control group(n=60)and a study group(n=40).The saline and mPEG-PLGA-PRP complex was applied at the lesion site respectively.Samples were harvested 0,2 weeks and 6 weeks post-operatively and the histological and biomechanical changes were observed and compared among the 3 groups.Results Histologically,at 6 weeks after surgery,the torn ACL of the study group had been partially healed,with decreased number of inflammatory cells and new fibrous tissues and micro-vessels appearing.The ligament maturity index revealed a significantly higher score in the study group than the lesion control group(20.6 ± 4.9 vs.4.7 ± 1.0,P＜0.01).Biomechanically,at 6 weeks after surgery,the tensile strength of the study group was significantly higher than the contro] groups(52.7 ± 11.2 vs.30.3 ± 8.8,P＜0.05).Conclusion At six weeks after surgery,the mPEG-PLGA-PRP complex can enhance the healing of ACL partial tear,ahhough the ligament was not recovered to the norma] state.

Objective: To investigate the effects and potential mechanisms of tolvaptan on chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH)-induced atrial remodeling in rats. Methods: A total of 45 Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 3 groups by the random number table: control group, CIH group (6 h/d for 30 days), CIH plus tolvaptan group (8 mg·kg^-1·d^-1 per gavage for 30 days). Echocardiography examination was performed after 30 days. Thereafter, 5 rats were randomly chosen for histology evaluation, 5 for molecular biological examinations and another 5 rats underwent isolated heart electrophysiology study in each group. Protein and mRNA expression levels of miRNA-21, Spry1, PTEN, ERK/p-ERK, MMP-9, PI3K, AKT/p-AKT were detected. Results: Compared to the rats in control group, rats in the CIH group showed higher atrial interstitial collagen deposition (P<0.001), increased atrial fibrillation inducibility (P=0.022). The results of immunohistochemistry staining showed that the mean optical density (MOD) of ERK, p-ERK and MMP-9 were significantly increased (all P<0.05), the MOD of Spry1 and PTEN were significantly decreased (both P<0.05), above changes could be significantly reversed by cotreatment with tolvaptan. No significant differences were detected in PI3K and AKT among the three groups (P>0.05). In addition, compared with rats in control group, mRNA levels of miRNA-21, MMP-9, PI3K, AKT, and protein levels of ERK, p-ERK, MMP-9 were significantly increased in CIH group(all P<0.05), whereas protein levels of Spry1, PI3K, p-AKT were significantly decreased (all P<0.05). Above changes could be significantly attenuated. Conclusions CIH induces significant atrial remodeling in this rat model, which can be attenuated by tolvaptan possibly through modulating miRNA-21/Spry1/ERK/MMP-9 and miRNA-21/PTEN/PI3K/AKT signaling pathways.

Urea transporters (UT) play a vital role in the mechanism of urine concentration and are recognized as novel targets for the development of salt-sparing diuretics. Thus, UT inhibitors are promising for development as novel diuretics. In the present study, a novel UT inhibitor with a diarylamide scaffold was discovered by high-throughput screening. Optimization of the inhibitor led to the identification of a promising preclinical candidate,