Aim To evaluate the effects of fibrinolytic enzyme FⅡ from agkistrodon acutus venom on an experimental model of kidney thrombus induced by lipopolysaccharide(LPS). Methods The model of microvascular thrombosis in the rabbits kidney was performed by the method of Hermida, which was induced by infusing LPS. Treatments were begun simultaneously with LPS infusion, through the contralateral marginal ear vein. Six different groups were established: NS 10 ml?h~-1 was infused as the negative control group, urokinase ~20 000 IU?kg~-1 ?h~-1 as positive control group, FⅡwas infused with the dosage of 0.1(Low-dose), 0.3 (medium-dose),0.6 (high-dose) mg?kg~-1 ?h~-1 . The further rabbits, which were given neither LPS nor FⅡ, were infused with saline solution through both marginal ear veins. Kinney sections were examined for the presence of fibrin microthrombi. The measurement of FDP concentrations was used to assess the degradation of microvascular thrombosis. Results Intense fibrin deposition was also detected and FDP concentrations were (78.21?4.79)% and (84.27?6.21)% at 2 and 6 hours after LPS administration in LPS-control group. Little fibrin deposition was detected and FDP concentration also increased in urokinase control group. A lot of fibrin deposition was detected in Low-dose FⅡ group,little fibrin deposition was detected in medium-dose FⅡ group, and no fibrin deposition was detected in high-dose FⅡ group. Additional all doses of FⅡ led to a significant increase in FDP concentration as compared with LPS-control group (P

Objective To identify genomic DNA of Schistosoma ?. Methods Amplification of genomic DNA by the random-amplified polymorphic DNA polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR) with 10-base pair was used. The 50 worms were collected from rabbits infected with cercariae of S.? and Schistosoma japonicum(S.j.) respectively. RAPD-PCR were performed on PCR-2400 according to the manufature's instruction. And 29 primers were adopted from Operon Company. The samples were run on 1.4% sepharose. Results RAPD fragments produced were various in quantity(4-12 bands)and size(0.5-5.2Kb) in S.? and S.j. , most of about 224 bands produced with 27 different primers were common, but 6 differential bands produced with 2 primers (J 01 CCCGGCATAA and L 12 GGGCGGTACT) of the 29 primers were found, 4 and 2 of the 6 differential bands seen in the S.? and S.j. respectively. Conclusion These specific fragments found in S.? and S.j. may be used as molecular markers for the identification of S.? and S.j.

Aim To evaluate neuroprotective effects of stearic acid on primarily cultured hippocampal neurons and to study the mechanism of neuroprotection afforded by stearic acid.Methods Primarily cultured hippocampal neurons were insulted by OGD(oxygen-glucose deprivation),H_2O_2,glutamate and NaN_3;MTT assay was utilized to evaluate cell viability;Inhibitors of PPAR?and PI-3K signal pathway were used to study mechanisms of neuroprotection of stearic acid.Results Compared with control neurons,A_(570) in MTT assay were increased significantly by stearic acid in hippocampal neurons insulted by OGD(oxygen-glucose deprivation),H_2O_2 and glutamate(P

[Objective] To purify and characterize a novel factor X activator,Fve-1 from Daboia russelli siamensis (Myanmar) venom.[ Methods]F V e-1 was purified by ion-exchange chromatography and gel filtration.The hemostatic activity of F V e-1 was determined based on chromogenic substrates.The fibrinogen-clotting activity of F V e-1 was also determined.Thermal stability, pH stability,enzyme activity,and inhibition of F V e- 1 were determined by its remaining procoagulant activity.N-treminal sequence was determined by the method of automated Edman degradation.[ Results ]F V e-1 was achieved by chromatography with a molecular weight of 13,808 and an isoelectric point of 4.6. The hemostatic activity of 0.5 mg Fve-1 was equal to that of 1.5625 u thrombin or that of 54.93 ng RVV X. F V e-1 primarily activated F X, but did not affect on prothrombin and fibrinogen. The suitable pH and temperature range of F V e-1 was 6.5-7.5 and 25-60 ℃,respectively.The activity of F V e-1 was enhanced by Ca2+ and inhibited by EDTA and DTT.The N-terminal sequence of F V e-1 was NH2-N-L-Y-Q-F-G-E-M-I-N.[Conclusion] F V e-1 is a factor X-activating enzyme,which could activate FX to FX a,but have minimal effect on prothrombin and fibrinogen.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the expression of endothelial differentiation gene/lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) receptors (Edg/LPA) and its clinical significance in human pancreatic cancer.MethodsFifty cases of pancreatic cancer and adjacent normal tissues were collected,and Real-time PCR,Western blot and immunohistochemistry was used to determine the expression of Edg-2/LPA1,Edg-4/LPA2 and Edg-7/LPA3 receptors mRNA and protein,and its relationship with clinicopathological parameters was analyzed.Results The expressions of Edg-2/LPA1,Edg-4/LPA2,Edg-7/LPA3 receptor mRNA were (0.142 ± 0.042 ) ％,(0.471 ±0.064)％,(0.231 ±0.043)％ in pancreatic cancer,and the corresponding values were (0.132 ±0.029)％,(0.027 ±0.015)％,(0.163 ±0.046)％ in adjacent normal tissues.The expressions of Edg-4/LPA2 receptor mRNA in pancreatic cancer were significantly lower than that in adjacent normal tissues ( P ＜0.05 ).The expressions of Edg-4/LPA2 receptor protein in pancreatic cancer were significantly lower than that in adjacent normal tissues ( P ＜ 0.05 ).The expressions of three types of Edg /LPA receptor mRNA in pancreatic cancer were parallel to serum CA19-9 levels.The expressions of Edg-4/LPA2 receptor mRNA were associated with tumor size,differentiation degree,and invasive ability and metastasis.While the expressions of Edg-2/LPA1,Edg-7/LPA3 receptor mRNA was associated with invasive ability and metastasis only.ConclusionsEdg-4/LPA2 receptor is highly expressed in pancreatic cancer,which suggesting the malignant biological behavior of pancreatic cancer.

Objective To investigate the value of short diameter of lymph nodes combined with neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio(NLR)in evaluating lymph node metastasis of cervical cancer by enhanced CT.Methods A total of 82 patients with cervical cancer were selected and divided into metastatic group(n=13)and non-metastatic group(n=69)according to whether lymph node metas-tasis occurred.The clinicopathological features of the two groups were compared,and the relationship between NLR and clinicopath-ology was analyzed.Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of lymph node metastasis of cervical cancer.The short diameter of lymph nodes and serum NLR were compared between the two groups.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve,DeLong test and compare the area under the curve(AUC)analysis was used to evaluate the value of lymph node metastasis in cervical cancer.The diagnostic efficacy of the above indexes were compared between the two groups.Results The short diameter of lymph nodes and NLR in the metastatic group were(0.686±0.120)cm and 2.23±0.41 respectively,while thosein the non-metastatic group were(0.602±0.106)cm and 1.76±0.30 respectively.The difference between the two groups was statistically signifi-cant(P＜0.05);There was no significant difference in age,growth pattern and vascular infiltration between the metastatic group and the non-metastatic group(P＞0.05).There were significant differences in clinical stage,maximum diameter of tumor,NLR and short diameter of enhanced CT lymph nodes(P＜0.05);The NLR was related to clinical stage,pelvic lymph node metastasis,and the short diameter of lymph nodes on enhanced CT scan(P＜0.05);Clinical stage Ⅲ,maximum diameter of tumor≥4 cm,NLR＞1.80 and short diameter of enhanced CT lymph nodes≥0.632 cm were independent risk factors for cervical cancer lymph node metastasis(P＜0.05);The ROC curve analysis showed that the AUC of the combined detection of cervical cancer was 0.871,higher than that of the enhanced CT lymph nodes short diameter and serum NLR(0.645,0.795),and its specificity was better than that of the independent detection.The best cutoff values of the enhanced CT lymph nodes short diameter and serum NLR were 0.630 cm and 1.91,respectively.Conclusion The short diameter of lymph nodes and the serum NLR can predict lymph node metastasis of cervical cancer,and the combined detection can improve the evaluation efficiency.

ObjectiveTo investigate whether Jiedu Huoxue prescription can induce macrophage autophagy and inhibit inflammatory response to stabilize vulnerable plaques of atherosclerosis （AS） by regulating phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase （PI3K）/protein kinase B （Akt）/mammalian target of rapamycin （mTOR） signaling pathway. MethodThirty ApoE^-/- mice fed with high-fat diet were randomly assigned into model， low-， medium-， and high-dose （5.35， 10.7， and 21.4 g·kg^-1·d^-1， respectively） Jiedu Huoxue prescription （Chinese medicine）， and rapamycin （2 mg·kg^-1·d^-1） groups. Six ApoE^-/- mice fed with common diet were used as the control group， and 6 C57BL/6J mice fed with common diet as the blank group. The drugs or equal volume of normal saline were administrated by gavage after 7 weeks of modeling， and the treatment lasted for 4 weeks. The serum levels of lipids and inflammatory cytokines ［monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 （MCP-1） and interleukin-6 （IL-6）］ were measured. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining was employed to observe the pathological changes of the vascular wall of the aortic root. Immunohistochemistry was employed to detect the expression of macrophages/monocytes monoclonal antibody （MOMA-2） and α-smooth muscle actin （α-SMA）. Transmission electron microscopy was employed to count the autophagosomes in the aorta， and Western blot to determine the protein levels of Beclin-1， LC3， PI3K， Akt， and mTOR. ResultCompared with the control group， the model group showed elevated serum levels of lipids， MCP-1， and IL-6 （P<0.05）， inhibited expression of MOMA-2 and α-SMA （P<0.05， P<0.01）， up-regulated protein level of Beclin-1 （P<0.05）， and down-regulated protein levels of PI3K， Akt， and mTOR （P<0.05， P<0.01）. The model group presented obvious atherosclerotic plaques on the inner wall of the aorta， infiltration of inflammatory cells in the plaque， thickened and disarranged vascular intima where the plaque was attached， decreased autophagosomes and mitochondria， and destroyed mitochondrial structure. Chinese medicine and rapamycin groups showed lower levels of total cholesterol， triglycerides， low-density lipoprotein cholesterol， MCP-1， and IL-6 （P<0.05）， higher level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol （P<0.05）， inhibited expression of MOMA-2 and α-SMA （P<0.05， P<0.01）， higher protein levels of Beclin-1 and LC3Ⅱ （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and lower protein levels of PI3K， Akt， and mTOR （P<0.05， P<0.01） than the model group. Moreover， Chinese medicine and rapamycin groups showed only a small number of atherosclerotic plaques on the inner wall of the aorta， reduced infiltration of inflammatory cells and thickness of the blood vessel wall， and increased autophagosomes and autophagic lysosomes. ConclusionJiedu Huoxue prescription can improve lipid metabolism， enhance macrophage autophagy， and reduce AS-induced inflammation to improve the stability of vulnerable plaques in AS mice by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.

Objective The knowledge of cervical cancer prevention and control，the cognition of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine and the willingness to vaccinate HPV vaccine among college students in Xiangyang were investigated and analyzed to provide a reliable scientific basis for the primary prevention of cervical cancer prevention and control in Xiangyang. Methods By means of stratified sampling method and self-made questionnaire, this paper conducted a questionnaire survey among college students in 3 universities in Xiangyang. Results A total of 8 523 college students participated in the questionnaire survey, and 4 473 of them had sufficient knowledge of cervical cancer prevention and control and HPV vaccine, with the awareness rate of 52.48%. Male students, rural residents and non-medical majors were the influencing factors of insufficient knowledge of cervical cancer prevention and control and HPV vaccine. Among the 6 459 female college students who participated in the survey, 5,993 (92.79%) were willing to be vaccinated, and 859 (13.30%) were already vaccinated. Major, educational background, living expenses and cognitive scores were the influencing factors of HPV vaccination intention. Conclusion College students in Xiangyang City are relatively deficient in the knowledge of cervical cancer prevention and control and HPV vaccine. Targetable science popularization and education can improve college students' correct understanding of cervical cancer prevention and control knowledge, promote the HPV vaccine vaccination plan, and reduce the occurrence of HPV-related diseases and cervical cancer.