OBJECTIVE:To systematically review the efficacy of ursodeoxycholic acid(UDCA)in the prevention ofulcerative colitisassociated colorectal cancer (UC-CRC) and dysplasia (UC-Dys),and provide evidence-based reference for clinic. METH-ODS:Retrieved from Cochrane Library,EMBase,PubMed,CJFD,CBM,VIP and Wanfang Database,randomized controlled tri-als(RCT)or cohort studies about UDCA(test group)versus placebo(control group)in the prevention of UC-CRC and UC-Dys were collected. Meta-analysis was performed by using Rev Man 5.3 software after quality evaluation and data extraction by Co-chrane Manual 5.1.0. RESULTS:Totally 7 studies(3 randomized controlled trials and 4 cohort studies)were included in the analy-sis,involving 672 patients. Results of Meta-analysis of 3 RCT showed that there was no significant difference in the incidence of UC-CRC and UC-Dys between 2 groups [OR=0.95,95%CI(0.17,5.12),P=0.95];results of Meta-analysis of 4 cohort studiess-howed that there was no significant difference in the incidence of UC-CRC and UC-Dys between 2 groups[OR=0.74,95%CI(0.30, 1.84),P=0.52]. Results of subgroup analysis showed,the incidence of UC-CRC and UC-Dys in test group with low-dose UDCA (<15 mg/kg) was significantly lower than control group,the difference was statistically significant [OR=0.19,95%CI(0.08, 0.49),P<0.001];there were no signifficant diferences in the incidence of UC-CRC and UC-Dys in high-dose UDCA group[OR=1.97,95%Cl(0.53,7.25),P=0.31](≥15 mg/kg). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:UDCA can not decease the incidence of UC-CRC and UC-Dys,it only prompts a possible trend toward decreased UC-CRC and UC-Dys risk in low-doseUDCA.

Objective:To investigate the effect of long-term alcohol intake on sensory information synaptic transmission of mossy fiber-granular cells in the cerebellar cortex of mice.Methods:Twenty healthy male ICR mice aged 6 to 8 weeks were divided into normal saline group(control group) and alcohol intake group(alcohol group) according to random number table, with 10 mice in each group. The mice in alcohol group were injected intraperitoneally with 20% alcohol and the mice in control group were injected with the same amount of saline for 28 days.After the injection, the scalp, muscle tissue and skull were removed in turn, and the dura mater was removed to fully expose the crus II area of cerebellum. The mice were stimulated by air blowing at 30 mm of the ipsilateral tentacle pad with a gas jet device.When the the maximal response site was determined, the NMDA receptor antagonist (D-APV), metabolic glutamate receptor 1 antagonist (JNJ16259685) and N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) were perfused on the brain surface of mice. Each drug was perfused for 20 minutes and ACSF was used between the two drugs until the waveform was recovered. Patch clamp amplifier was used to record the changes of potential waveform in mouse cerebellar granule layer. The data were analyzed by the softwares of Clampfit 10.3 and SPSS 22.0.Results:After exposure to wind stimulation, the latency of field potential response in granular layer of mice in alcohol group (11.8±0.7)ms was significantly longer than that in the control group (10.1±0.2)ms ( t=-8.041, P<0.05), and the amplitude of N1 (1.2±0.1) MV was significantly lower than that in the control group (0.6±0.1) MV ( t=-12.728, P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the rise time of P1 waveform((4.4±0.2)ms, (3.2±0.2)ms), duration ((12.1±0.5)ms, (10.3±0.2)ms), extinction time((7.8±0.2)ms, (6.9± 0.2)ms), volume under waveform ((7.3±0.2)ms, (4.3±0.2)ms) were significantly increased in the alcohol group ( t=16.100, - 11.840, -11.673, -35.576, all P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the amplitude, half width, rise time and decay time of Roff wave between the two groups ( t=-1.909, -0.910, -0.789, 1.462, all P>0.05). When JNJ16259685 was perfused on the brain surface of mice in alcohol group, the amplitude of field potential evoked by five blowing stimuli had no significant difference compared with that before administration (all P>0.05). When D-APV was perfused into the brain surface of mice in the alcohol group, the amplitude of P1 ((42.3±1.5) Mv)was significantly lower than that before administration ((101.1±0.9)mV) and after elution ((100.1±2.2) mV) ( t=106.762, - 69.605, both P<0.05), and the area under waveform of P1 ((42.6±1.3)%) was also significantly lower than that before administration ((100.6±1.6)%) and after elution ((97.6±2.2)%) ( t=88.862, -67.791, both P<0.05).The ratio of N2 / N1 (0.3±0.1) was significantly lower than that before administration (0.4±0.1) and after elution (0.3±0.1) ( t=2.242, 2.121, both P<0.05). When NMDA was perfused on the brain surface of mice in the control group, compared with before administration and after elution, the amplitude of P1 ((110.7±3.2) mV, (100.1±0.9) mV, (102.0±1.7) mV, t=-10.173, 7.669, both P<0.05), the area under the waveform of P1 ((127.9±3.5)%, (100.0±3.1)%, (115.0±5.3)%, t=-18.698, 6.447, both P<0.05), the ratio of N2 / N1 ((0.5±0.1), (0.3±0.1), (0.3±0.1), t=-5.669, 5.669, both P<0.05) were all significantly increased. When D-APV was perfused on the brain surface of mice in control group, the field potential evoked by blowing stimuli had no significant difference compared with that before administration and after elution (all P>0.05). Conclusion:Long-term alcohol intake significantly suppresses the synaptic transmission of excitatory glutamate in MF-GC, and enhances the inhibitory response mediated by GABAA receptor in cerebellar cortex. The inhibitory component is enhanced by NMDA receptor, but not by type 1 metabolic glutamate receptor.

OBJECTIVETo breed and spread a new cultivar of Artemisia annua.

METHODThe excellent germplasm resources of A. annua in the main production area of Artemisia were collected, and the improved germplasm were screened, the content of artemisinin was determined, and yield per plant was measured. The systematically maternal line and seed production techniques of mass selection were applied combined with the variety test, variety regional test trials and production trials for breeding and spreading the new cultivars of artemisia.

RESULTThe popularization and experiment illustrated the production of the new species reached 3 000 kg x hm(-2), compared with wild A. annua it increased 10% -14%. The content of artemisinin reached more than 1%, increased more than 0.2%.

CONCLUSIONIt is proved that the systematically maternal line and seed production techniques of mass selection can significantly improve the quality of A. annua and it is an acceptable way to cultivate new variety. By production verification, it is practicable and high technical and economic benefits to popularize the new cultivar "Yu-Qing No. 1" of A. annua.

Antimalarials ; analysis ; pharmacology ; Artemisia annua ; chemistry ; genetics ; growth & development ; Artemisinins ; analysis ; pharmacology ; Breeding ; methods

OBJECTIVETo establish the candidate core collection of Artemisia annua.

METHODThe morphologic traits and the results of SRAP marker were compared respectively.

RESULTThe chi2 test and the t test of both indexes for 8 morphological characters and SRAP marker parameters did not reach significant level between the candidate core collection and the primary sample.

CONCLUSIONSIn this study, the candidate core collection can stand for original collection excellently.

Artemisia annua ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Biomass ; China ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; Plant Structures ; chemistry ; growth & development

Ethanol is one of the most widely used and abused psychoactive substances in the world. Long-term and excessive intake of alcohol can damage the central nervous system and lead to impairment of its function. As an important component of the central nervous system, cerebellum is one of the main target organs damaged by ethanol. Acute and chronic ethanol intake can damage human motor coordination, motor learning and some cognitive functions. Its damage mechanism is generally believed to be caused by the abnormal function of cerebellar cortical neural circuit caused by ethanol intake. Combined with recent studies on the mouse model of long-term ethanol intake, this article reviews the cerebellar neural network mechanism of long-term ethanol intake from various aspects, with a view to providing research and development in behavioral movement, motor coordination, cognitive function, depression, and offers new ideas with the rise of precision medicine for treatment. People are increasingly interested in exploring the mechanism of long-term ethanol intake on the cerebellar neural network. How to improve or block the corresponding mechanism based on the mechanism of action found in existing research is an important proposition in future research.

This paper analyzed the development status, industrialization system, standardization system and new variety breeding of seed and seedling of Chinese medicinal materials. Based on the development status and problems facing to the seed and seedling industry in China, some reasonable countermeasures are proposed in this article. The main measures include strengthening new variety breeding, establishing experiment site, protecting new variety and standardizing the market and quality management.
Agriculture ; legislation & jurisprudence ; organization & administration ; trends ; Breeding ; China ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; legislation & jurisprudence ; trends ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; genetics ; Quality Control ; Seedlings ; chemistry ; genetics ; Seeds ; chemistry ; genetics

Objective:This study sought to investigate the feasibility, anatomical indications and operating points of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) procedure in the treatment of pure aortic regurgitation (AR).Methods:The medical records of 4 elderly patients with pure AR who were treated in the cardiology department, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology from March 2020 to March 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were implanted with self-expandable valve stents via peripheral artery approach for TAVR treatment. The feasibility, anatomical indications and key points of TAVR were analyzed.Results:The 4 patients with pure AR who were carefully screened had an average age of 66 years, and all achieved TAVR treatment success without serious perioperative complications and death. Postoperative examination and follow-up data showed that cardiac functions and cardiac remodeling indexes were significantly improved.Conclusions:This exploratory study shows that TAVR is technically feasible and effective treatment option for selected elderly patients with native pure AR, which is worthy of further study.

Antithrombin and protein C are two crucial members in the anticoagulant system and play important roles in hemostasis. Mutations in SERPINC1 and PROC lead to deficiency or dysfunction of the two proteins, which could result in venous thromboembolism (VTE). Here, we report a Chinese 22-year-old young man who developed recurrent and serious VTE in cerebral veins, visceral veins, and deep veins of the lower extremity. Laboratory tests and direct sequencing of PROC and SERPINC1 were conducted for the patient and his family members. Coagulation tests revealed that the patient presented type I antithrombin deficiency combined with decreased protein C activity resulting from a small insertion mutation c.848_849insGATGT in SERPINC1 and a short deletion variant c.572_574delAGA in PROC. This combination of the two mutations was absent in 400 healthy subjects each from southern and northern China. Then, we summarized all the mutations of the SERPINC1 and PROC gene reported in the Chinese Han population. This study demonstrates that the combination of antithrombin deficiency and decreased protein C activity can result in severe VTE and that the coexistence of different genetic factors may increase the risk of VTE.
Antithrombin III ; genetics ; Antithrombin III Deficiency ; etiology ; genetics ; China ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mutation ; Pedigree ; Protein C ; genetics ; metabolism ; Venous Thromboembolism ; complications ; genetics ; Young Adult