Objective To explore the clinical characteristics and risk factors of strokeassociated pneumonia (SAP) in patients with acute cerebral hemorrhage.Methods A total of 375 patients with acute cerebral hemorrhage were selected from the department of neurology and neurosurgery during January 2013 to December 2015 in our hospital.According to the incidence of SAP,they were divided into the observation group (complicated with SAP,n =79) and control group (not complicated with SAP,n =296).Clinical data were collected,and clinical characteristics and related risk factors of SAP complicated with acute cerebral hemorrhage were analyzed.Results Among all the 79 SAP patients in observation group,there were 38 cases with gram-negative bacterial infections,25 cases with gram-positive bacterial infections,16 cases with mixed infections.The SAP incidence in patients with massive hemorrhage was higher than that in patients with nonmasive hemorrhage (x2 =11.301,P＜ 0.01),and was higher in patients with cerebellum,brainstem,ventricle,thalamus and multifoeal hemorrhage than that in patients with basal ganglion and brain lobe hemorrhage(x2 =4.023,P＜0.05).The hospitalization days of the observation group was longer than that of the control group [(32.7 ± 16.2) versus (17.3 ± 6.7),t=2.93,P＜ 0.01].The mortality of the observation group was higher than that of the control group (24.1％ versus 3.7％),(x2 =8.720,P＜ 0.01).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age≥ 65 (OR =4.87),underlying lung diseases (OR =5.30),bulbar paralysis (OR =7.39),disorder of consciousness (OR=4.11),NIHSS score ＞ 4 (OR =3.96),invasive airway operations (OR=3.78),gastric tube (OR =4.37),H2-receptor blocking agents application (OR =2.09) were independent risk factors for SAP in acute intraerebral hemorrhage patients.Conclusions Gram-negative bacteria are the main pathogens of SAP in patients with acute cerebral hemorrhage.The patients complicated with SAP after acute cerebral hemorrhage have poor prognosis including prolonged hospitalization period and higher mortality.SAP in acute intraerebral hemorrhage patients is closely related to the following factors:age≥65,underlying lung diseases,bulbar paralysis,disorder of consciousness,NIHSS score ＞ 4,invasive airway operations,gastric tube,H2-receptor blocking agents.

In order to study the effect of 5, 6-Dichloro-1-beta-D-ribofuranosyl-benzimidazole (DRB) on the biological characteristics of human laryngeal carcinoma Hep-2 cell line in vitro, Hep-2 cells cultured in vitro were treated with different concentrations of DRB. Changes in cell proliferation, apoptotic rate and invasiveness were detected by MTT assay, flow cytometry (FCM) and matrigel in vitro invasion assay, respectively. It was found that DRB inhibited the proliferation of Hep-2 cells in a dose-and time-dependent manner. After being treated with 0, 10, 20, 40, 80 microm mol/L DRB for 24 h, the apoptotic rate in Hep-2 cells was (0.68+/-0.19)%, (1.95+/-0.12)%, (8.51+/-0.26)%, (11.26+/-0.17)% and (14.99+/-0.32)%, respectively. The matrigel in vitro invasion assay revealed that DRB began to inhibit the invasion of Hep-2 cells at the concentration of 5 microm mol/L, and with the increase of DRB concentration, the inhibitory effect was enhanced. It was suggested that DRB could influence the essential biological characteristics of Hep-2 cells, inhibit Hep-2 cells proliferation, reduce invasive ability and induce apoptosis of Hep-2 cells.

Objective To observe whether the expression of Annexin A5(ANXA5) changes in human uterine cervical squamous cell carcinomas(UCSCC).Methods 25 UCSCC tissues and 15 normal human uterine cervical tissues were collected.Each sample was lysed in lysis buffer.Whole protein of the supernatant was estimated by BCA-100 Protein Quantitative Analysis Kit.The expressions of ANXA5 in UCSCCs and normal uterine cervical tissues were detected respectively with Western blotting.To further ensure the expression of ANXA5 in UCSCCs,another 45 UCSCC specimens and 20 normal cervical tissues were collected.ANXA5 expression was detected by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry respectively.Results The staining of ANXA5 band with Western blotting in UCSCCs was much heavier than that in normal uterine cervical tissues and the expression of ANXA5 was found much higher in UCSCCs by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization.Conclusion Expression of ANXA5 was up-regulated in human UCSCCs.There's some relationship between uterine cervical squamous cell carcinoma and ANXA5 protein.

Objective To evaluate the effect of dexmedetomidine pretreatment on contents of glu-tamic acid and γ-aminobutyric acid during focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion ( I∕R) in rats. Methods Thirty-six clean-grade healthy male Wistar rats, aged 10 months, weighing 250-300 g, were divided into 3 groups using a random number table method: sham operation group (group S), I∕R group, and dexme-detomidine group (group D). Focal cerebral I∕R was induced by occlusion of the left middle cerebral artery for 30 min followed by reperfusion in anesthetized rats. The left middle cerebral artery was only isolated but not occluded in group S. Sterile normal saline 1 ml was intraperitoneally injected, and 30 min later the model of focal cerebral I∕R was established in group I∕R. Rats were sacrificed at the end of reperfusion, and brains were removed for determination of contents of glutamic acid and γ-aminobutyric acid in brain tis-sues and for examination of ultrastructure (with an electron microscope). Results Compared with group S, the content of glutamic acid was significantly increased, and the content of γ-aminobutyric acid was de-creased in I∕R and D groups (P＜0. 05). Compared with group I∕R, the content of glutamic acid was signif-icantly decreased, and the content of γ-aminobutyric acid was increased in group D (P＜0. 05). The dam-age to the ultrastructure of brain tissues was significantly attenuated in group D when compared with group I∕R. Conclusion Dexmedetomidine pretreatment can reduce focal cerebral I∕R injury through decreasing the content of glutamic acid and increasing the content of γ-aminobutyric acid in rats.

OBJECTIVETo study the distributional feature and clinical characteristics of infectious diarrhea caused by enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7, and to understand its pollution to the environment and the carrier status among livestock and poultry.

METHODSTo describing the incidence of diarrhea, to isolate and culture the pathogenic bacteria from samples of the patients with diarrhea and livestock or poultry with methods of microbiology, molecular biology and cytology, and then to determine the toxic factors.

RESULTSIn the first epidemic area in Suixian county, Henan province, 35 cases had been found during 17 March and 6 July with 91% of them above age of 60. Of them, 32 were complicated with acute renal failure, including 28 death (death rate: 87.50%). One hundred and seven strains of O157:H7 were isolated from the samples of livestock or poultry and 48 strains were isolated from patients. It was found that 67 strains having toxic gene through microbiological, molecular biological and cytological technologies. Five types of toxic factors were found.

CONCLUSIONThe main factor causing death was the complicated acute renal failure from diarrhea infected by E. coli O157:H7. The pathogen from livestock or poultry with high carrying rate might infect people through polluted water, food flies and close contacts. The outbreak of acute hemolytic uremic syndrome in Suixian county was caused by Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 infection.

Acute Kidney Injury ; etiology ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; China ; epidemiology ; Diarrhea ; epidemiology ; Disease Outbreaks ; Escherichia coli Infections ; complications ; epidemiology ; Escherichia coli O157 ; isolation & purification ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

In order to study the effect of 5, 6-Dichloro-1-β-D-ribofuranosyl-benzimidazole (DRB) on the biological characteristics of human laryngeal carcinoma Hep-2 cell line in vitro, Hep-2 cells cultured in vitro were treated with different concentrations of DRB. Changes in cell proliferation, apoptotic rate and invasiveness were detected by MTT assay, flow cytometry (FCM) and matrigel in vitro invasion assay, respectively. It was found that DRB inhibited the proliferation of Hep-2 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. After being treated with 0, 10, 20, 40, 80 μmmol/L DRB for 24 h, the apoptotic rate in Hep-2 cells was (0.68±0.19) %, (1.95±0.12)%, (8.51 ±0.26)%, (11.26±0.17) % and (14.99±0.32)%, respectively. The matrigel in vitro invasion assay revealed that DRB began to inhibit the invasion of Hep-2 cells at the concentration of 5 μmmol/L, and with the increase of DRB concentration, the inhibitory effect was enhanced. It was suggested that DRB could influence the essential biological characteristics of Hep-2 cells, inhibit Hep-2 cells proliferation, reduce invasive ability and induce apoptosis of Hep-2 cells.