Objective To explore the differences in therapeutic efficacy and possible mechanism of different routes of administration of fullerene nanoparticles in the treatment of radiation retinopathy.Methods Eight-week-old adult male SD rats were randomly divided into blank group(Control),irradiation group(X-Ray),irradiation+vitreous cavity administration group[X+F(IVT)],irradiation+ocular surface administration group[X+F(OS)],and irradiation+intravenous administration group[X+F(IV)],with 5 rats in each group.The blank group was not treated,the irradiation groups exposed to X-ray irradiation to establish the model,and fullerenol nanoparticles were given to the treatment groups through different routes after irradiation.At 7,14,and 28 d after modeling,body weight and fundus changes were measured to evaluate drug safety,retinal optical coherence tomography(OCT)was used to observe the change in retinal tissue structure,and electroretinography(ERG)was applied for oscillatory potentials(OPs)to evaluate visual function.CD31 immunofluorescence staining was carried out to evaluate retinal endothelial vascular status,and in vivo imaging was utilized to evaluate the accumulation of fullerenol nanoparticles in the eyes.Results The growth curves of body weight demonstrated that fullerenol nanoparticles did not affect the growth and development of rats,with no statistical difference between the treatment groups and the control group.Irradiation resulted in a significant reduction in visual function,decreased amplitudes of a-wave and b-wave,and declined OPs(P<0.01),and significantly increased thicknesses of the ganglion cell layer(GCL)and the inner nuclear layer(INL)in the retinas,as evidenced by OCT(P<0.01),along with a notably absent presence of CD31-positive cells(P<0.01).Notably,the X+F(IVT)group obtained significantly improved visual function after intravitreal administration,effectively maintained thickness of the GCL and INL,and prevention against the loss of CD31-positive cells(P<0.01).However,no such effective results were observed in the irradiated groups receiving intravenous either ocular surface administration.In vivo imaging revealed that intravitreal administration maintained high ocular accumulation of fullerene for 96 h,while ocular surface administration sustained these concentrations for only 12 h.Intravenous administration,in contrast,only led to a predominant drug distribution in vascular-rich areas,but reduced ocular accumulation.Conclusion Fullerene nanoparticles possess a therapeutic effect on radiation retinopathy,and the intravitreal administration route demonstrates better efficacy than ocular surface and intravenous administration.

Objective To investigate the value of dynamic contrast-enhanced(DCE)-MRI and DWI for the early assessment of curative effects in NSCLC. Methods Forty patients from September 2012 to September 2014 with NSCLC proven by pathology were examined with DCE-MRI and DWI, at one week before the first chemotherapy and one month after treatment. DCE parameters (MER, slope, WR) and ADC values of the tumors were calculated on the workstation. According to the changes of the tumor-size after treatment, all patients were divided into two groups: good response group and poor response group. Pretreatment parameters were compared between the two groups with independent-samples t test, and parameter changes before and after treatment were compared with paired-samples t Test. ROC curve of tumor response characteristic was analyzed. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to study the correlation between post-treatment parameter changes and tumor size reduction. Results Pretreatment ADC, MER and slope value were (1.15 ± 0.09) × 10-3 mm2/s, 1.13 ± 0.28, (3.76 ± 1.27)% in the good response group(15 patients), and were (1.34±0.33)×10-3mm2/s, 0.78±0.16, (2.63±0.58)%in poor response group(25 patients), respectively. There was significant difference between tumors in two groups(t=2.329, 3.152, 4.556,P=0.027, 0.032, 0.009), the lower ADC value and the higher MER/slope value was observed in the good response group. The change rates of ADC after one month treatment in the two groups were (20.43±6.40)%, (2.98±1.65)%(t=3.485,P=0.009), and slope change were (-61.80±19.21)%, (-30.80±11.16)%(t=3.280, P=0.020). Both the rising rate of ADC and decreasing rate of slope value were significant higher in good response group than the poor response group. The ROC curve was used to analyze the change rate of ADC and slope after tumors treatment, the area under the ROC curve in ADC was largest(Az=0.790), the diagnosis efficiency was highest. We found significant positive correlation between ADC, MER, slope change rate and tumor maximum diameter reduction rate after chemotherapy(r=0.637, 0.396, 0.532,P<0.05). Conclusions DCE parameters and ADC values possess important clinical value to evaluate the early effect of chemotherapy in NSCLC. ADC value is more sensitive to early lung cancer response.