Objective To detect the protein expression of chemotactic monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP 1), macrophage inflammatory protein 1 alpha (MIP 1alpha) and regulated on activation normal T cell expression secretion (RANTES) in the affected muscle of simple polymyositis (SPM), and analysed the relationship between the amount of these proteins and the stage, severity of SPM.Methods Immuohistochemical LAB technique was used to detect the expression of these chemotactic factor protein in SPM affected muscle specimens.The expression levels of these chemotactic factors were determined by Image Analyzer system.Results The expressions of these chemotactic factors protein in SPM were showed in SPM. The expression levels of MCP 1 increased remarkably in the chronic SPM group and the severer one (P0 05).Conclusion MCP 1 not only could play an important role in the chronic SPM,but also related to the severity of the disease,it might be as an index on the development and deterioration of the di sease;MIP 1alpha might contribute to the continuous development of the disease. RANTES might embody its role as a ubiquitous response to inflammation during the onset of SPM.

Objective To evaluate the quality of life and influenced factors in epileptic adults. Methods 106 adults with epilepsy and 64 healthy people as control were studied and tested by using QOLIE-30.Results Compared with control group, QOL score was lower in epileptic group (54?16 vs 77?15). Worrying about the seizure attacks and side effect of antiepileptic medication, having memory problems, they are unsatisfied with their lives, in a blue mood, easy to be tired and their social activities are limited. Comparing the QOL of patients between different sexes, duration of seizure, AEDs taken and seizure frequency, it was found that their medication and seizure frequency play an important role. QOL was negatively associated with the number of the AEDs taken and their seizure frequency.Conclusion QOL was lower in epileptic adults. Medication and seizure frequency play an important role. Adequate medications to control the attack of seizures is a key to improve the quality of life in epileptic patients.

Objective To estimate the gene mutation and the protein expression of v-Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 (BRAF) in esophageal cancer.Methods From February 2014 to September 2015,75 patients with esophageal cancer who received operation were enrolled.Tissues of cancer,adjacent to cancer and far from cancer were taken.The mutation and protein expression of BRAF were detected.The relationship between BRAF protein positive expression and clinical characteristics of patients with esophageal cancer was analyzed.The enumeration data was compared by chi-square test.Results The mutation of exon 11 and exon 15 of gene BRAF was not found in the tissues of esophageal cancer.Among 75 esophageal cancer,a base C or T inserted in the exon 11 was found in five Ⅲb TNM stage cases,and the expression of BRAF at protein level was positive in 46 cases (61.3％).Among 57 tissues adjacent to cancer,nine cases (15.8 ％) was BRAF positive at protein level.Among 75 tissues far from cancer,five(6.7％) was BRAF positive at protein level.The difference among three groups was statistically significant (x2 =61.098,P＜0.05).The positive rates of BRAF expression at protein level in patients with esophageal cancer at Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ TNM stage were 21.7％ (5/23),70.8％ (17/24) and 85.7 ％ (24/28),respectively.The positive rates of BRAF expression at protein level in patients with and without lymph node metastasis were 81.6％ (31/38) and 40.5％ (15/37).The positive expression of BRAF at protein level was related with TNM stage and lymph node metastasis (x2 =23.136 and 13.313,both P＜0.01),however it was not related with gender,age and the degree of tumor differentiation (all P＞0.05).Conclusions There is base insertion in the exon 11 of gene BRAF in esophageal cancer,but gene mutation is not found.BRAF is highly expressed in esophageal cancer,which is related with TNM stage and lymph node metastasis,and BRAF could be an indicator of assessment of degree of malignancy and prognosis of esophageal cancer.

Objective To explore the expression and its significance of growth-associated protein(GAP-43 ) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNK) receptor TrkB gene in rat hippocampus after epilepsy induced by pilocarpine (PILO). Methods In situ hybrid histochemical method was used to observe the changes of the expression of GAP-43 and TrkB mRNA in hippocampus after status epilepticus( SE) induced by PIOL. Results At 3 - 6h following the onset of status epilepticus(SE), TrkB mRNA expression was dramatically high than control groups in the dentate gyrus granule cell and CA3,CA1 pyramidal cell layers(P

Fanconi's anemia (FA) is an autosomal recessive disease featuring a great diversity of clinical symptoms, including congenital malformation, growth retardation and bone marrow failure. Cells obtained from FA patients show a specific hypersensitivity to crosslinking agents such as mitomycin C (MMC). In this study, MMC-induced chromosome breakage tests have been done on 27 healthy controls and 51 patients with bone marrow failure [including 48 patients with aplastic anemia (AA) and 3 patients with FA before cytogenetic analysis]. The results showed that: (1) Diagnosis of 4 FA cases was confirmed, and one of them was the correction of clinical misdiagnosis; bone marrow failure combined with congenital malformation was observed in a few of non-FA aplastic anemia patients, while 1 FA patient lacked congenital abnormality and underdiagnosed before cytogenetic analysis. The data confirmed that misdiagnosis or underdiagnosis of FA could be caused without cytogenetic study. (2) Spontaneous chromosome breakages observed in FA patients were the same as those in AA patients and healthy controls. MMC-induced chromosome breakages observed in FA patient cells were much higher than those in AA patients and healthy controls, especially, metaphases containing more than 5 breakages were easily found in FA lymphocytes treated with 50 ng MMC. (3) Mosaic was found in one of the 4 FA patients. MMC-induced chromosome breakage test at different MMC concentrations could help to dignosis of FA mosaic patient.

Objective: To compare the mutation status of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) between different lesions and clini-cal characteristics of synchronous multiple ground-glass nodules (SMGGNs). Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted using clinical data from 35 patients with SMGGNs who were admitted to and received surgery at The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical Uni-versity Hospital from January 2017 to December 2018. Next generation sequencing (NGS) was performed for all surgical specimens to detect the mutation status of exons 18, 19, 20, and 21 of the EGFR gene to analyze the relationship between the EGFR mutation sta-tus of the lesions and patient gender, age, lesion location, imaging manifestation of nodules, and adenocarcinoma pathological type . Results: The EGFR mutation rate was 65.7% (23/35 patients). Non-smoking patients and females had higher EGFR mutation rates (P=0.015, P<0.001). The EGFR mutation rate of invasive adenocarcinoma nodules was higher than those of atypical adenomatous hyper-plasia, adenocarcinoma in situ, and minimally invasive adenocarcinoma ( P<0.001). Exon 19 deletion and L858R mutation were the most common mutations of the EGFR gene. There was no significant difference between the pathological subtypes of adenocarcino-ma and the EGFR mutant subtype (P=0.707). Among the 27 patients with multiple nodules with detectable EGFR mutations, the EGFR mutation rate was 85.2% (23/27 patients). Conclusions: The EGFR gene mutation status is different in patients with multiple pulmo-nary ground-glass nodules, suggesting that the occurrence and development of each nodule are independent events. EGFR gene muta-tion is closely related to the development of ground-glass nodules, especially in the invasion of tumors.

Objective:To assess the configuration and systolic function of the left ventricle in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) by routine ultrasound, two-dimensional speckle tracking imaging and three-dimensional echocardiography, and to observe the recovery after pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA).Methods:The patients who were diagnosed with CTEPH, underwent PEA and had no left heart disease were enrolled as the CTEPH group ( n=30) in the China-Japan Friendship Hospital from November 2016 and June 2021. The right heart catheterization data before and after surgery were recorded. In the meantime, gender- and age-matched healthy individuals who sought for physical examination during the same period were included as the control group ( n=23). Echocardiography findings before and after PEA were comparatively analyzed and compared between the two groups, including left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDd), right and left ventricular cross-section ratio (RVd/LVd), left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LVGLS), left ventricular end-diastolic/systolic volume index (LVEDVi/LVESVi), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and left ventricular stroke volume (LVSV). Associations between the mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP)/pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) and left ventricular function were discussed. Results:When compared with the control group, the LVEDd, LVEDVi, LVESVi, LVSV, LVGLS and the mitral early to late diastolic flow velocity ratio (E/A) in the CTEPH group were lower (all P<0.05). There were no significant differences between the two groups regarding LVEF, cardiac output (CO), and cardiac index (CI) (all P>0.05). There were no statistical differences of the left ventricular volume and LVSV between PEA group and the control group (both P>0.05), while the LVGLS and E/A remained lower (both P<0.05). Correlation analysis showed negative associations between mPAP and LVSV as well as E/A ( r=-0.490, -0.455; both P<0.05). Conclusions:There are changes in left ventricular configuration with abnormal filling pattern and potential systolic dysfunction in CTEPH patients. The PEA surgery could lead to recovery of the left ventricular configuration and volume, but the filling pattern and LVGLS at follow-up can not recover completely.

Objective:To investigate the values of two-dimensional and three-dimensional echocardiographic parameters in predicting pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) in chronic pulmonary thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH).Methods:A total of 141 patients diagnosed with CTEPH in China-Japan Friendship Hospital from November 2015 to December 2022 were included. Two-dimensional echocardiographic indicators reflecting PVR were constructed according to the calculation formula of PVR: echocardiographic estimated systolic pulmonary artery pressure (sPAP Echo)/left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVIDd), echocardiographic estimated mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP Echo)/LVIDd. sPAP Echo/left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), sPAP Echo/left ventricular cardiac output (LVCO) were measured by three-dimensional echocardiography. The correlations between two-dimensional and three-dimensional echocardiographic ratios and invasive PVR were then analyzed using the Spearman correlation method. Using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, cut-off values for the ratios were generated to identify patients with PVR>1 000 dyn·s -1·cm -5. Pre- and postoperative hemodynamics and echocardiographic data were analyzed, as well as the correlation between the reduction rate of the echocardiographic index and PVR in 54 patients who underwent pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA). Results:sPAP Echo/LVIDd, sPAP Echo/LVEDV and sPAP Echo/LVCO were moderately correlated with PVR( rs=0.62, 0.52, 0.63, both P<0.001). The ratio of sPAP Echo to LVEDV, when greater than or equal to 1.41, had a sensitivity of 0.800 and a specificity of 0.930 for determining PVR >1 000 dyn·s -1·cm -5 (AUC=0.860, P<0.001). Similarly, the ratio of sPAP Echo to LVIDd, when greater than or equal to 2.14, had a sensitivity of 0.647 and a specificity of 0.861 for determining PVR >1000 dyn·s -1·cm -5 (AUC=0.830, P<0.001). The sPAP Echo/LVIDd and mPAP Echo/LVIDd significantly decreased after PEA (both P<0.001). The sPAP Echo/LVIDd and mPAP Echo/LVIDd reduction rate (ΔsPAP Echo/LVIDd and ΔmPAP Echo/LVIDd) were significantly correlated with PVR reduction rate (ΔPVR), respectively ( rs=0.61, 0.63, both P<0.05). Conclusions:Two-dimensional ratio sPAP Echo/LVIDd and three-dimensional ratio sPAP Echo/LVEDV can be used to noninvasively estimate PVR in CTEPH patients. The conventional ratio sPAP Echo/LVIDd is convenient and reproducibly suitable for monitoring the improvement of PVR before and after treatment, and its ratio of 2.14 can predict the significant increase of PVR in CTEPH patients (>1 000 dyn·s -1·cm -5).

Objective:To explore the value of 18F-fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI) PET/CT in the assessment of early-stage graft fibrosis (S1-S2) after liver transplantation (LT). Methods:From November 2021 to April 2022, 17 adult liver transplant recipients (12 males and 5 females; age (52.6±7.9) years) in the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University were enrolled retrospectively in this study. All 17 patients received laboratory examinations, FibroScan, 18F-FAPI PET/CT and liver biopsy. According to the Scheuer scoring system, hepatic tissue was divided into no fibrosis (S0) and early fibrosis (S1-S2). Independent-sample t test was used to compare SUV max between two groups, and Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare liver stiffness measurement (LSM). ROC curve analysis was used to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of LSM and SUV max in the early fibrosis of liver grafts. Delong test was used to compare the difference of AUCs. Results:Among 17 adult LT recipients, 11 were in stage S0, 5 were in stage S1, and 1 was in stage S2. There were significant differences in LSM and SUV max between no fibrosis group and early fibrosis group (LSM: 5.4(4.7, 6.6) vs 12.9(5.6, 19.9) kPa, z=-2.01, P=0.044; SUV max: 1.7±0.8 vs 3.9±1.6, t=-3.14, P=0.019). The threshold value of LSM in predicting early-stage graft fibrosis was 8.2 kPa and the AUC was 0.80 (95% CI: 0.54-0.95), which was 2.0 and 0.92 (95% CI: 0.78-1.00) for SUV max respectively. There was no significant difference in AUC between the two tools ( z=0.80, P=0.421). Conclusion:18F-FAPI PET/CT can precisely evaluate the early fibrosis of allografts, with the similar diagnostic efficacy with FibroScan (LSM), which is expected to be a new non-invasive diagnostic tool for predicting the early-stage of graft liver fibrosis.