OBJECTIVE:To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of leflunomide combined with prednisone in the treatment of polymyositis. METHODS:Totally 98 polymyositis patients in our hospital were divided into observation group and control group by random number table,49 cases in each group. Control group received Prednisone tablet with initial dose of 60-100 mg/d,tid, then gradually reduced to maintaining dose of 10 mg/d,tid,based on patients'improvement of creatine kinase(CK)and clinical symptoms. Observation group was additionally given Leflunomide tablet 10 mg,bid,based on the control group. They all treated for 120 d. Clinical efficacy,muscle strength evaluation,muscle enzymes [including CK,lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),creatine phosphokinase(CPK),alanine aminotransferase(ALT)] and serum inflammatory factors(includ-ing IL-2,IL-8,IL-12,TNF-α,hs-CRP)before and after treatment in 2 groups were observed,the incidence of adverse reactions in 2 groups was recorded. RESULTS:After treatment,the total effective rate(87.8% vs. 75.5%)and muscle strength achieving grade 3(81.6% vs. 55.1%)in observation group were significantly higher than control group,and the total adverse reaction rate (12.2% vs. 22.4%)was lower than control,with statistically significances(P<0.05). After treatment,the muscle enzymes and se-rum inflammatory factor levels in groups were significantly lower than before,and observation group was lower than control group,with statistically significances(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Leflunomide combined with prednisone shows good efficacy in the treatment of polymyositis,it can significantly improve the muscle strength,muscle enzymes and serum inflammatory factor lev-els,and dose not increase the incidence of adverse reactions,with good safety.

This paper is to introduce our newly designed driving system used to push a microelectrode forward into the recording position in animal experiments. The instrument consists of two parts: 1. the hydraulic fine manipulator and 2. the holding mechanism and the secrew driving device of the microelectrode.Carefully pass a long glass shaft microelectrode through a stainless steel guide tube. Both the microelectrode and the guide tube are fixed on the frame of the instrument with two holding mechanisms. The frame is then connected to the chassis of the instrument which has previously been embedded in the skull of the experimental animal. Turn the screw driving device and both the microelectrode and the guide tube are moved forward. Stop turning when the guide tube penetrates the dura. Then the hydraulic fine manipulator is used to push the microelectrode into the recording position.A long glassshaft microelectode produces little injury to the brain tissue, thus it facilitates the repeated experiments on animals. The chassis of the driving system is implanted into the skull of the experimental animal with stereoscopic technique and its relative position with the brain tissue can not be changed during experiment. Slight movement of the animal head will in no way interfere with the recording.

BACKGROUND:Stromal cellderived factor 1 in chemotactic migration of endogenous neural stem cells plays a very important role, but the specific migration mechanism is unclear
OBJECTIVE:To observe the effects of exogenous stromal cellderived factor 1 on chemotactic migration and proliferation of neural stem cells in the rat hippocampus
METHODS:Exogenous stromal cellderived factor 1 (5μL, 500μ/L) was injected into the hippocampus of Sprague-Dawley rats to establish animal models. Brain tissues were taken after days 3, 7, 14 and 21 of perfusion to prepare paraffin sections. Thereafter, nestin expression in the injection region and hippocampus was detected using immunohistochemical method. Experimental control and blank control groups were set.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Paraffin section immunohistochemical results displayed the number of nestin-positive cells in the injection and the hippocampus was gradual y increased. At 3 and 7 days, nestin expression was a little and increased at 14 days, forming a migration tendency to the injection region. At 21 days, there were more nestin-positive cells in the injection area and hippocampus. However, there were no changes as above in the experimental control and blank control groups. The results showed that exogenous stromal cellderived factor 1 may induce the proliferation of neural stem cells in the hippocampus and may be involved in chemotactic migration of endogenous neural stem cells.

Objective To explore the effect of timosaponin B-II ( TB-II) on the differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs) into tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) positive neurons in neonatal rats. Methods The biological functions of self-proliferation and multi-differentiation of NSCs were identified by primary culture, cell proliferation counting,morphological observation and immunology. NSCs of SD rats were cultured in vitro and treated with different concentrations of TB-II (10 μg/ml,30 μg/ml ,100 μg/ml) for 7 days. Immuno-histochemistry was used to detect the effect of TB-II on the differentiation of NSCs into TH-positive neurons, and Western blot was used to detect the expression of TH protein in neurons. Results ( 1) The cultured cells had the ability to self-proliferation,expressed nestin protein and differentiated into neurons and glial cells. So the cultured cells were conformed to the biological function of neural stem cells. (2)Compared with the control group,the TH positive cell ratio of TB-II 30 μg/ml group and TB-II 100 μg/ml group increased ((10. 03± 1. 36)%),( 20. 01± 3. 37)%),(31. 32± 3. 98)%) ,the difference was significant ( t=6. 15, 16. 54,both P<0. 05). There was no significant difference between TB-II 10 μg/ml group and control group (P>0. 05). (3)Western results showed that the relative expression of TH protein in TB-II 30 g/ml group and TB-II 100 μg/ml group was higher than that in control group,the difference was statistically significant (con-trol group: (1. 02±0. 24),TB-II 30μg/ml group: (3. 64±1. 78),TB-II 100 μg/ml group: (5. 88±2. 34);t=12. 58,9. 15,both P<0. 05). There was no significant difference between TB-II 10 μg/ml group and con-trol group (P>0. 05). Conclusion TB-II can promote the differentiation of NSCs into TH-positive neurons.

Objective:To explore the relations among childhood trauma,autistic traits and dysexecutive functions in college students.Methods:Totally 2757 college students were assessed with the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ).Sixty-three college students were randomly selected as the abused group according to the subscale cutoff point of CTQ Scale defined by Bernstein,and 93 students were randomly selected from students without history of childhood trauma as the control group.They were assessed with the Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS),Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ) and Dysexecutive Questionnaire (DEX) to measure depression,autistic traits and abnormality of executive functions,respectively.The individuals from the top and below 27％ of CTQ and AQ scores were defined as higher or lower-level different types of abused group and higher or lower-level autistic traits group,respectively.Results:The differences of DEX scores between higher or lower-level four types of CTQ (emotional abuse,physical abuse,sexual abuse,emotional neglect and physical neglect) and between higher or lower-level autistic traits group were significant (Ps ＜0.05).DEX scores in all higher-level groups were higher than all lower-level groups.Regression analysis showed that DEX score could be positively predicted by scores of emotional abuse,AQ and SDS (β =0.17-0.32,P ＜0.05).SDS score was a mediator between scores of emotional abuse and DEX,and between scores of autistic traits and DEX (95％ confidence interval were 0.05-0.32 and 0.07-0.55,respectively).Conclusion:Childhood trauma and autistic traits may positively predict dysexecutive function,and depression may play a mediating role between emotional abuse and dysexecutive function,and between autistic traits and dysexecutive function.

Objective To investigate the effect of prior statin use on outcome after intravenous thrombolysis in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Methods Consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke treated with intravenous thrombolysis at the Department of Neurology, the Third People's Hospital of Chengdu from July 2014 to August 2017 were enrolled, and divided into the statin use group and nonstatin use group according to prior statin use. Symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage and the outcome at 90 days after onset (good outcome and poor outcome were defined as the modified Rankin Scale score 0-2 and > 2, respectively) in the two groups were compared, and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify the effect of prior statin use on the outcome. Results A total of 327 patients were enrolled, including 68 (20. 80％ ) in the statin use group, and 59 (79. 20％ ) in the nonstatin use group. There were no significant differences in the incidence symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (7. 35％ vs. 10. 04％; χ2 = 0. 453, P = 0. 501), good outcome rate at 90 days (69. 12％ vs. 66. 02％; χ2 = 0. 232, P = 0. 630), and mortality rate (7. 35％ vs. 7. 34％; P = 1. 000) between the statin use group and the nonstatin use group. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that prior statin use were not an independent risk factor for symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (odds ratio 0. 658, 95％ confidence interval 0. 233-1. 857; P = 0. 429) and poor outcome at 90 dafter onset (odds ratio 0. 848, 95％ confidence interval 0. 424-1. 696; P = 0. 641) in patients treated with intravenous thrombolysis. Conclusion Prior statin use is not associated with symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage and outcome after intravenous thrombolysis in patients with acute ischemic stroke.

Objective To investigate the influences of atrial fibrillation (AF) on clinical outcome and hemorrhagic transformation (HT) after intravenous thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke.Methods The patients with acute ischemic stroke treated with intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator thrombolysis were enrolled retrospectively.The modified Rankin Scale score 0-2 at 90 d was defined as a good outcome.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the correlation between AF and clinical outcomes after intravenous thrombolvsis.Results A total of 160 patients with acute ischemic stroke treated with intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator thrombolysis were enrolled,including 67 (41.88％) with AF.Compared with the non-AF group,the age was older (median [interquartile range] 77 [71-83] years vs.69 [59-78] years;Z=4.142,P＜ 0.001),baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NHISS) score was higher (11.0[6.0-17.0] vs.7.0[4.0-14.0];Z=2.623,P=0.009)in the AF group.There were no significant differences in the NIHSS score reduction and the proportion of patients with good outcomes at 24 h (3.0 [1.0-4.5] vs.2.0 [0-6.0];Z=-0.312,P=0.775) and7d(4.0 [2.0-5.0] vs.5.0[2.0-8.0];Z=l.574,P=0.115) after thrombolysis and the proportion of patients with good outcome at 90 d (38.81％ vs.25.82％;x2 =3.063,P =0.080) between the AF group and the non-AF group,however,the proportions of HT within 24 h (14.93％ vs.5.38％;x2 =4.179,P =0.041) and death within 90 days (16.42％ vs.6.45％;x2 =4.073,P =0.044) in the AF group were significantly higher than those in the non-AF group.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that AF was not independent correlation with the clinical outcomes at 90 d (odds ratio [OR] 0.950,95％ confidence interval [CI]0.381-2.366;P =0.912),HT within 24 h (OR 1.992,95％ CI0.580-6.369;P =0.285),and death within 90 d (OR 2.483,95％ CI 0.727-8.586;P=0.146).Conclusion AF is not the independent risk factor that influences on clinical outcome at 90 d and-HT within 24 h after intravenous thrombolysis in patients with acute ischemic stroke.

To explore the role of P53, pairing box gene 8 antibody (PAX8), and calcium omentum protein (Calretinin) in the origin of epithelial ovarian cancer.
 Methods: A total of 63 tissue samples of ovarian tumor and fallopian tubes were collected. Immunohistochemistry methods were used to analyze the expression of P53, PAX8, and Calretinin. The relationship between these protein levels and the classification of ovarian tumors was evaluated.
 Results: In epithelial ovarian cancer, the P53 or PAX8 was correlated with the occurrence of high-grade carcinoma, while the calretinin was correlated with the occurrence of low-grade carcinoma (P<0.05). The combination of PAX8 with Calretinin was correlated with the grade of ovarian tumor (P<0.05). The combination of P53 with Calretinin was correlated with the grade of tumor (P<0.05). The combination of P53 with PAX8 was correlated with the grade of tumor (P<0.05). The expression of P53 in fallopian tubes was correlated with the malignant degree of epithelial ovarian cancer (P<0.05). The degree of fallopian tube lesions in patients with ovarian cancer was correlated with epithelial ovarian cancer. The malignant lesions of tubal epithelium was correlated with high-grade carcinoma, while the normal or atypical hyperplasia of tubal epithelium was correlated with low-grade carcinoma (P<0.05).
 Conclusion: P53 and Calretinin combined with PAX8 show a synergistic effect on the differentiation of epithelial ovarian cancer grade. The morphology of HE and the expression of TP53 in the fallopian tube epithelium play an auxiliary role in the diagnosis of epithelial ovarian cancer.
Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial ; Epithelium ; Fallopian Tubes ; Female ; Humans ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; PAX8 Transcription Factor