BACKGROUND:There is lack of effective diagnostic methods for early knee osteoarthritis. Proteomics refers to the large-scale experimental analysis of proteomes from the overal level of intracel ular protein compositioon, expression and modification, based on which, we can understand protein-protein interaction and relationship, thereby revealing protein functions and cel activity patterns. OBJECTIVE:To apply the isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) to identify proteins differential y in serums of osteoarthritis Kel gren-Lawrence classification at each stage, and to find out potential molecular markers at each stage of osteoarthritis. METHODS:Sixty patients with knee osteoarthritis were enrol ed, and according to Kel gren-Lawrence (K-L) grading, they were subdivided into K-L 0, II and IV groups. There were 10 males and 10 females randomly selected in each group. Proteins differential y regulated in serums were identified by the stable isotopes 116, 117, 118 of the iTRAQ labeled, reversed-phase column separation, mass spectrometry and Swissport database search, after the serums were subjected to high abundance proteins depletion. Final y, we analyzed the proteins identified by using bioinformatics software. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Total y 169 proteins were identified through iTRAQ peptides experiments of different sample tags, Q-star mass spectrum identification and MASCOT library search. 153 proteins were identified as K-L 0 to K-L IV, 153 proteins were identified as K-L 0 to K-L II, and 145 proteins were identified as K-L II to K-L IV. iTRAQ technology may help to identify novel serum markers for early diagnosis of knee osteoarthritis, indicating iTRAQ technology for proteomics serum biomarkers of osteoarthritis study has good application prospect.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the influence of high frequency partial liquid ventilation (HFJV) on the cardiopulmonary function in dogs with inhalation injury.

METHODSSixteen mongrel dogs inflicted by hot steam inhalation were subjected to severe inhalation injury and were randomly divided into control (C) and treatment (T) groups. The dogs in both groups were all given HFJV. In addition, the dogs in T group were simultaneously supplied with perfluorocarbon liquid (3 ml/kg) into the lungs slowly via tracheal intubation for liquid ventilation. The blood gas analysis, pulmonary compliance, airway resistance and hemodynamic parameters were determined at 30, 60 and 90 minutes after ventilation.

RESULTSThe PaO(2) in T group increased progressively, which was significantly higher than the post-injury value at all time points (P < 0.05). While the PaO(2) in C group exhibited no difference to the post-injury value at all time points. The PaCO(2) in T group increased obviously and was higher than the post-injury value at 60 and 90 post-ventilation minutes (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the PaO(2) in all the time points in T group was a little higher than that in C group (P > 0.05) and PaCO(2) in T group was much higher than that in C group at 90 min after ventilation (P < 0.05). But there was no difference between the two groups in terms of dynamic/static pulmonary compliance and airway resistance as well as the hemodynamics.

CONCLUSIONCompared with simple HFJV, high frequency partial liquid ventilation seemed to be beneficial to the oxygenation after inhalation injury and to be no influence on the hemodynamics.

Airway Resistance ; Animals ; Blood Gas Analysis ; Burns, Inhalation ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Dogs ; Female ; High-Frequency Jet Ventilation ; Liquid Ventilation ; Lung Compliance ; Male ; Pulmonary Circulation ; Pulmonary Gas Exchange ; Respiration, Artificial ; methods ; Respiratory Function Tests ; Time Factors

Objective To observe the efficacy and adverse reactions of ubenimex combined with radiotherapy for the treatment of early nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Methods A total of 129 patients with early nasopharyngeal carcinoma who were admitted to the 163th Hospital of PLA, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University from October 2013 to September 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. Three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy was used in the control group and ubenimex combined with three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy was taken in the study group. Radiation injury response, quality of life and therapeutic effects of patients in both groups were observed respectively. Results The fatigue incidence of the study group was lower than that of the control group (57.8 % vs. 75.4 %, χ2= 4.481, P= 0.034). Karnofsky score (χ2=6.345, P=0.042; χ2=6.382, P=0.041, respectively) and weight change (χ2=6.014, P= 0.049; χ2= 6.351, P= 0.042, respectively) had statistical differences in both groups in the end of radiotherapy and 3 months after radiotherapy. 1-year non-distant metastasis survival rate (92.2 %, 59/64) in the study group was significantly higher than that in the control group (80.0 %, 52/65) (χ2=3.989, P=0.046). Conclusion Ubenimex combined with radiotherapy for early nasopharyngeal carcinoma can improve the patients' quality of life, reduce the radiation injury response and increase the metastasis-free survival rate.

Objective To compare the efficacy and adverse reactions of large segmentation gamma knife and large segmentation conformal retransmission radiotherapy for locally recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Methods One hundred and twenty- one patients with locally recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma from January 2009 to June 2012 were selected. The patients were divided into large segmentation conformal retransmission radiotherapy group (control group, 61 cases) and large segmentation gamma knife retransmission radiotherapy group (study group, 60 cases) according to the propensity score matching method. The radiation injury, quality of life, short-term efficacy and long-term efficacy were observed. Results In the recent radiation injury, the incidences of maxillofacial skin reaction and fatigue in study group were significantly higher than those in control group: 28.3％ (17/60) vs. 13.1％ (8/61) and 48.3％ (29/60) vs. 29.5％ (18/61), and there were statistical differences (P<0.05);there were no statistical differences in the incidences of dry mouth and oral mucosal injury between 2 groups (P>0.05). In the long-term radiation injury, the incidences of deafness and difficulty in opening mouth in study group were significantly lower than those in control group: 33.3％ (20/60) vs. 52.5％(32/61) and 58.3％ (35/60) vs. 73.8％ (45/61), the incidence of maxillofacial muscle fibrosis in control group was significantly higher than that in control group: 43.3％ (26/60) vs. 26.2％ (16/61), and there were statistical differences (P<0.05); there were no statistical differences in the incidences of dry mouth and radiation encephalopathy between 2 groups (P>0.05). In the actual long- term radiation injury, the incidences of dry mouth, deafness and difficulty in opening mouth in study group were significantly lower than those in control group: 66.7％ (40/60) vs. 86.9％ (53/61), 31.7％ (19/60) vs. 50.8％ (31/61) and 43.3％ (26/60) vs. 67.2％ (41/61), the incidence of maxillofacial muscle fibrosis in study group was significantly higher than that in control group: 41.7％ (25/60) vs. 23.0％ (14/61), and there were statistical differences (P<0.01 or <0.05); there was no statistical difference in the incidence of radiation encephalopathy between 2 groups (P>0.05). There were no significant differences in Karnofsky performance scale (KPS) score and body weight change before treatment and at the end of treatment, and at the end of treatment and 3 months after treatment between 2 groups (P > 0.05). For the short-term efficacy, the local control rates of 3, 6, 9 and 12 months after treatment in study group were significantly higher than those in control group: 75.0％ (45/60) vs. 54.1％ (33/61), 86.7％ (52/60) vs. 62.3％ (38/61), 90.0％ (54/60) vs. 67.2％ (41/61) and 91.7％ (55/60) vs. 68.9％ (42/61), and there were statistical differences (P<0.05). For long-term efficacy, there was no significant difference in the survival rates of 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5-year between 2 groups (P > 0.05). Conclusions Large-segment gamma knife and large-segment conformal reconstitution radiotherapy are effective for the short-term curative effect and long-term curative effect of locally recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma. They can reduce radiation damage and have better safety. Large segmentation gamma knife reconstitution radiotherapy is more advantageous in reducing the long- term radiation injury and improving the local control than large segmentation conformal retransmission radiotherapy.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical outcome of reconstruction of maxillary defects with vascularized iliac crest flap and simultaneous osseointegrated implant embedding.

METHODSDuring September to October 2003, two patients with maxillary defects from tumor resection underwent microsurgical reconstruction. The free iliac osteomuscular flap transferring and simultaneous osseointegrated implant embedding were performed to repair the defects. Three months after the reconstructive surgery, an abutment operation was preformed and denture was applied in both cases.

RESULTSThe flaps survived well. Postoperative follow-up for 8 to 9 months showed that the patients obtained good zygomaxillary appearance, normal occlusion, and satisfactory pronunciation, without oronasal fistula or other serious complications.

CONCLUSIONSThe free iliac crest osteomuscular flap with simultaneous osseointegrated implant embedding is an ideal, effective and cosmetically acceptable method for maxilla reconstruction.

Adult ; Bone Transplantation ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Ilium ; transplantation ; Male ; Maxilla ; surgery ; Middle Aged ; Transplantation, Homologous ; Treatment Outcome

Objective:To estimate in-hospital mortality after knee replacement (KR) and to assess its trend and risk factors in China.Methods:We included patients undergoing KR in the Hospital Quality Monitoring System in China (2013-2019) to estimate in-hospital mortality after KR and assessed relation of patient's and hospital's characteristics (year of surgery, age, gender, marital status, primary indication, Charlson comorbidity index, geographic location, hospital type, hospital volume of KR, and surgery type) to in-hospital mortality using multivariable Poisson regression.Results:The annual amount of KR has increased from 20 307 in 2013 to 35 757 in 2019, and has maintained an upward trend for 7 years. The mean age of patients having KR increased from 64.9 years in 2013 to 66.6 years in 2019. Of the total 218 923 KRs, 63 deaths (0.29‰) occurred within 30 days before discharging. Older age was associated with higher in-hospital mortality ( P for trend <0.001). Male gender had higher incidence of in-hospital mortality compared with female [relative risk (RR), 2.5; 95% CI: 1.5, 4.1]. Single marital status was associated with higher, albeit non-statistically significant, in-hospital mortality than married patients (RR, 2.1; 95% CI: 0.9, 4.6). Higher Charlson comorbidity index was associated with increased risk of in-hospital mortality ( P for trend <0.001). Risk of in-hospital mortality decreased with more hospital-year knee replacement surgeries ( P for trend <0.001). In-hospital mortality varied by geographic regions, with the lowest mortality in East region (0.16‰), followed by South-West (0.31‰), South-Central (0.31‰), North region (0.33‰), North-West (0.54‰) and North-East (0.59‰). Conclusion:In-hospital mortality after KR in China was relatively low. Older age, male gender, higher Charlson comorbidity index and lower hospital-year knee replacement surgeries were risk factors for in-hospital mortality. The mortality varied greatly according to the geographic location of hospital.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of the hypofractionated three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy in the treatment of recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Methods Clinical data of 153 patients with recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma admitted to our hospital from 2008 to 2013 undergoing hypofractionated three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3 Gy for each time,5 times a week,a total dose of 51-60 Gy,17-20 times/4 weeks) were retrospectively analyzed.The short-and long-term radiation-induced injury,Karnofsky performance score (KPS),short-and long-term clinical efficacy were evaluated.Results For the short-term radiation-induced injury,the incidence of oral mucosa and fatigue significantly differed before and after treatment (both P＜0.05).Regarding the long-term radiation-induced injury,the incidence of dry mouth (95.4％) and deafness (51.0％),difficulty in opening mouth (79.1％),maxillofacial fibrosis (33.3％) and radiation-induced encephalopathy (15.0％) significantly differed before and following treatment (all P＜ 0.05).The actual long-term radiation-induced injury included dry mouth (91.5％),deafness (50.9％),difficulty in opening mouth (76.5％),maxillofacial fibrosis (32.0％) and radiation-induced encephalopathy (14.4％).The number of patients with changes in the KPS scores significantly differed between the end of treatment and 3 months after treatment (P＜0.05).The local control rates were 29.4％,68.6％,79.1％,83.7％ and 86.9％ at 1-,3-,6-,9-and 12-month after corresponding treatment,respectively.The local control rate significantly differed between 1 and 3 months,and between 3 and 6 months after treatment (both P＜0.05).The 1-,2-,3-,4-and 5-year survival rates were calculated as 96.1％,80.4％,68.5％,57.9％ and 51.1％,respectively.Conclusions Hypofractionated three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy is an efficacious and safe treatment of recurrent nasopharyngeal nasopharyngeal carcinoma,which yields relatively high short-and long-term clinical efficacy,high local control rate and well tolerance by the patients.

BACKGROUND: There are limited data on the resource utilization of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in China. This study aimed to examine the length of stay (LOS) and inpatient charges of TKA in China, and to investigate their determinants. METHODS: We included patients undergoing primary TKA in the Hospital Quality Monitoring System in China between 2013 and 2019. LOS and inpatient charges were obtained, and their associated factors were further assessed using multivariable linear regression. RESULTS: A total of 184,363 TKAs were included. The LOS decreased from 10.8 days in 2013 to 9.3 days in 2019. The admission-to-surgery interval decreased from 4.6 to 4.2 days. The mean inpatient charges were 61,208.3 Chinese Yuan. Inpatient charges reached a peak in 2016, after which a gradual decrease was observed. Implant and material charges accounted for a dominating percentage, but they exhibited a downward trend, whereas labor-related charges gradually increased. Single marital status, non-osteoarthritis indication, and comorbidity were associated with longer LOS and higher inpatient charges. Female sex and younger age were associated with higher inpatient charges. There were apparent varieties of LOS and inpatient charges among provincial or non-provincial hospitals, hospitals with various TKA volume, or in different geographic regions. CONCLUSIONS The LOS following TKA in China appeared to be long, but it was shortened during the time period of 2013 to 2019. The inpatient charges dominated by implant and material charges exhibited a downward trend. However, there were apparent sociodemographic and hospital-related discrepancies of resource utilization. The observed statistics can lead to more efficient resource utilization of TKA in China.
Length of Stay ; Fees and Charges ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee/economics* ; China ; Humans ; Databases, Factual ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Inpatients

Objective: To compare the tissue morphology and gene expressions of inflammatory and repair-related factors in chronic refractory wound tissue including pressure ulcers and diabetic feet. Methods: During August 2016 to September 2017, 10 samples of prepuce were collected after circumcision of 10 urological patients [all male, aged (38±4) years old] admitted in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University and included in normal skin group, samples of tissue around the edge of wounds with blood supply were collected from 9 heat or electric burn patients [6 male patients, 3 female patients, aged (51±8) years old], 13 pressure ulcer patients [9 male patients, 4 female patients, aged (51±14) years old] and 10 diabetic foot patients [8 male patients, 2 female patients, aged (61±10) years old] during the operations. The samples were divided into burn wound group (9 samples), pressure ulcer group (13 samples), and diabetic foot group (10 samples). Ten slices were taken from pressure ulcer group and diabetic foot group respectively, and 5 slices in each group were used to observe the tissue morphology and expressions of Ki67 and CD31 of wounds respectively with immunofluorescence method. Ten samples from normal skin group, 9 samples from burn wound group, 13 samples from pressure ulcer group, and 10 samples from diabetic foot group were collected for analysis of mRNA expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor 192 (VEGF192), transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) , interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) by real time fluorescent quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Data were processed with Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis rank-sum test. Results: (1) The expression level of Ki67 in diabetic foot group (390±100) was higher than that of pressure ulcer group (182±14, Z=-2.611, P<0.01). (2) Although there were a large number of vascular endothelial cells (CD31 positive cells) in wounds of diabetic foot group, their distribution was disordered and failed to form intact lumen. There were less vascular endothelial cells in wounds of pressure ulcer group than those of diabetic foot group, but the complete lumen was formed. (3) The mRNA expression levels of VEGF192 in wounds of burn wound group, pressure ulcer group, and diabetic foot group were significantly lower than the level in normal skin group (H=13.72, 30.50, 15.20, P<0.05 or P<0.01), and the level was the lowest in pressure ulcer group. The mRNA expression level of VEGF192 in wounds of pressure ulcer group was significantly lower than that of diabetic foot group (H=15.30, P<0.01). Compared with that of normal skin group, the mRNA expression level of TGF-β in wounds of burn wound group showed no significant difference (H=-9.50, P>0.05), while the mRNA expression levels of TGF-β in wounds of pressure ulcer group and diabetic foot group were significantly decreased (H=18.04, 14.50, P<0.01). The mRNA expression level of TGF-β in wounds of pressure ulcer group was similar to that of diabetic foot group (H=3.54, P>0.05). (4) Compared with those of normal skin group, the mRNA expression levels of VCAM-1 in wounds of burn wound group and pressure ulcer group were significantly increased (H=-22.50, -11.50, P<0.05 or P<0.01), and there was no significant difference in the mRNA expression level of VCAM-1 in wounds of diabetic foot group (H=10.00, P>0.05); the mRNA expression level of ICAM-1 in wounds of burn wound group showed no significant difference (H=-9.50, P>0.05), and the levels of ICAM-1 in wounds of pressure ulcer group and diabetic foot group were significantly decreased (H=16.50, 16.50, P<0.01). The mRNA expression level of VCAM-1 in wounds of pressure ulcer group was significantly higher than that of diabetic foot group (H=-21.50, P<0.01), the mRNA expression level of ICAM-1 in wounds of pressure ulcer group was similar to that of diabetic foot group (H=0, P>0.05). (5) Compared with those of normal skin group, except for the mRNA expression level of IL-1β in wounds of diabetic foot group showed no significant difference (H=-10.00, P>0.05), the mRNA expression levels of IL-1β in wounds of burn wound group and pressure ulcer group were significantly increased (H=-32.50, -21.50, P<0.01); the mRNA expression levels of IL-6 were significantly increased in wounds of burn wound group, pressure ulcer group, and diabetic foot group (H=-17.50, -30.50, -11.80, P<0.05 or P<0.01); except for the mRNA expression level of TNF-α in wounds of burn wound group showed no significant difference (H=-9.50, P>0.05), the mRNA expression levels of TNF-α in wounds of pressure ulcer group and diabetic foot group were significantly decreased (H=18.04, 14.50, P<0.01). The mRNA expression levels of IL-1β and TNF-α in wounds of pressure ulcer group were significantly lower than those of burn wound group (H=11.00, 27.54, P<0.05 or P<0.01), while the mRNA expression level of IL-6 was significantly higher (H=-13.00, P<0.05). The mRNA expression levels of IL-1β and TNF-α in wounds of diabetic foot group were significantly lower than those of burn wound group (H=22.50, 24.00, P<0.01), while the mRNA expression level of IL-6 showed no significant difference (H=5.70, P>0.05). Conclusions The phenotypes of diabetic foot and pressure ulcer vary from the expressions levels of proliferating cell nuclear antigen and blood vessels forming ability to the expression levels of growth factors, cell adhesion factors, and inflammatory cytokines.

ObjectiveTo explore the effect of oleanolic acid （OA） on water metabolism in mice with water-dampness retention caused by spleen deficiency and the mechanism. MethodThe 60 SPF Kunming （KM） mice were randomized into blank group （n=10） and modeling group （n=50）. Through long-term living in damp place and irregular diet， water-dampness retention caused by spleen deficiency was induced in modeling mice. Then the model mice were randomly classified into model group， natural recovery group， and low-dose， medium-dose， and high-dose OA groups. The mice in the blank group， model group， and natural recovery group were given （ig） 10 mL·kg^-1·d^-1 normal saline， and mice in the low-dose， medium-dose， and high-dose OA groups received 50， 100， 200 mg·kg^-1·d^-1 OA， respectively. The intervention lasted 7 days. Before and after modeling and administration， the general conditions of the mice were observed and body weight of mice was measured. The water content in feces and tissues was detected with the oven-drying method， and water load index and organ coefficient were measured with the weighing method. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was employed to detect the urinary D-xylose excretion， serum gastrin （GAS）， total protein （TP）， albumin （ALB）， total cholesterol （TC）， high-density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C）， low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C）， interleukin-6 （IL-6）， antidiuretic hormone （AVP）， aquaporin 1 （AQP1） in renal medulla， and liver Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase. At the same time， OA was docked with ALB， IL-6， AQP1， and Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase. ResultCompared with the blank group， the model group showed withered hair， emaciation， laziness， bradykinesia， slow weight growth， infrequent spontaneous activities， high water content in feces and tissues， low weight loss after water loading， high coefficient of each organ （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Moreover， the model group had less urinary D-xylose excretion， lower serum levels of GAS， TP， ALB， and HDL-C， higher levels of TC， LDL-C， AVP， and IL-6， lower expression of Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase in the liver， and higher expression of AQP1 in renal medulla than the blank group （P<0.05， P<0.01）. The three OA groups demonstrated better general conditions， faster weight gain， more frequent spontaneous activities， lower water content in feces and tissues， larger weight loss after water loading， and lower coefficient of each organ than the model group （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Moreover， compared with the model group， the three OA groups had high D-xylose excretion， high serum levels of GAS， TP， ALB， and HDL-C， low serum levels of TC， LDL-C， AVP， and IL-6， high expression of Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase in liver， and low expression of AQP1 in renal medulla （P<0.05， P<0.01）. The recovery in each OA group was better than that in natural recovery group. Molecular docking results also confirmed that OA had high binding affinity with ALB， IL-6， AQP1， and Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase. ConclusionOA can alleviate the abnormal water metabolism in mice with water-dampness retention caused by spleen deficiency， which lays a basis for its potential clinical application.