Objective The research was to observe the changes of histomorphology,bone mineral density of callus and the expression and distribution of transforming growth factor beta(TGF-? 1 ),basic fi-broblast growth factor(bFGF)and bone morphogenetic proteins-2(BMP-2)in osteoporotic fracture so as to evaluate the influence of osteoporosis on fracture healing process.Methods An osteoporotic animal model was established by ovariectomy in sixty SD rats,in which the femur was osteotomized by a wire saw as frac-ture healing model,internal fixed with a Kirschner pin three months after ovariectomy.The rats were scari-fied in3days,1,2,4and6weeks after operation,the callus formation was monitored over a6weeks period by histological and immunohistochemistry assessment.Results The status of osteoporosis in ovariectomy group was confirmed by total body bone mineral density measurement 3months after ovariectomy.The aver-age body weight of ovariectomy animals was337.8g compared to286.2g in the control group(P

Objective To compare the clinical effect of needle knife therapy and traction for treatment of cervical spondylosis .Methods 156 patients with nerve root type of cervical spondylosis patients definitely diag -nosed,randomly divided into two groups ,the treatment group of 78 cases,with small needle knife therapy;the control group of 78 cases,the cervical traction therapy ,combined with traditional Chinese medicine .The clinical efficacy was compared between the two groups .Results The treatment group 70 cases were cured(89.6%),the total efficiency of 96.9%;control group 44 cases were cured(56.7%),the total efficiency of 83.3%.The cure rate and total effective rate was significantly better than the control group (χ2 =22.02,11.57,all P<0.05).Conclusion The needle knife therapy to treat cervical vertebra disease is better than that of cervical traction ,has good clinical curative effect .

Objective To research the relationship between binocular acuity and monocular acuity,and their effect on the evaluation of visual impairment and disability. Methods 1006 patients, aged between 18 and 60 years, are measured monocular and binocular acuities after the best lens correction. Results Binocular vision is higher than, equal to and less than monocular vision, three accounted for 27.14%, 70.78% and 70.78% respectively. Interocular difference has certain correlation with binocular interactions (χ2=54.939,P<0.05,r=0.228). Thirty-three patients have same binocular acuity but different monocular acuity. Conclusion Binocular acuity associated with the monocular acuity and the better eye vision plays a special role in visual disability evaluation.

Objective To explore the clinical value of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) in assessment of right ventricular function in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH).Methods The PubMed/MEDLINE,Wanfang data,CNKI (from January 2001 to April 2015) were searched.The search terms were pulmonary arterial hypertension,right ventricular function,and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging.An inclusion criterion was the patients suffering from PAH,and the healthy volunteers were served as controls.The study was designed as randomized controlled trial.All the subjects investigated had received CMRI.The end of the trial included right ventricular end diastolic volume (RVEDV),right ventricular end systolic volume (RVESV) and right ventricular ejection fraction (RVEF).Meta analysis was conducted by RevMan 5.0 software provided by Cochrane Collaboration,and the publication bias was analyzed by the funnel plot analysis.Results Five papers involving 381 patients met the criteria.It was showed by Meta-analysis that compared with healthy control group,RVEDV was increase in PAH group [weighted mean difference (WMD) =33.96,95％ confidence interval (95％CI) =20.80-47.12,P ＜ 0.000 01],RVESV was increased (WMD =41.91,95％ CI =29.63-54.19,P ＜ 0.0O0 01),and RVEF was decrease (WMD =-20.09,95％CI =-22.65 to-17.52,P ＜ 0.000 01).Conclusion CMRI can be used to evaluate the right ventricular function of patients with PAH,and it has important significance in the evaluation of right ventricular function in patients with PAH.

Objective To evaluate the multi-detector CT (MDCT) on pulmonary changes in post-operative adult receptor of liver transplantation complicated with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).Methods Nineteen adult patients admitted into Tianjin First Center Hospital from January to December 2016 to perform the first time liver transplantation were enrolled in this study. Before operation, the CT showed no significant abnormality in the patients' lungs, after operation MDCT was applied to observe the pulmonary changes of ARDS post-operative complication in the adult receiver of liver transplantation, and the pulmonary changes in different gender of patients were analyzed and compared.Results MDCT showed that after liver transplantation all the 19 patients (100%) had lung pathological changes, of whom 18 cases (94.7%) manifested 2 or more than 2 kinds of pulmonary changes, including consolidation shadows (12 cases, 63.2%), patchy shadows (2 cases, 10.5%), ground glass opacity (6 cases, 31.5%) and pleural effusion (18 cases, 94.7%). In the comparisons between male and female patients with post-operative ARDS after liver transplantation, there were no significant differences in the lung pathological changes shown in MDCT (allP > 0.05) statistically.Conclusion The application of MDCT has great potential value in the evaluation of the disease situation after liver transplantation, that might providehelp to the postoperative treatment.

OBJECTIVETo study the expressions of Notch1-4 gene in human keloid-derived mesenchymal-like stem cells, and to explore the Notch signaling pathway's role in the formation of keloid.

METHODSKeloid samples were collected to harvest human keloid-derived mesenchymal-like stem cells through two-step enzymatic dissociation method. By flow cytometry, cell phenotype of primary and P3 generation were analyzed. By immunocytochemistry, the expressions of Oct4, vimentin and CK19 were examined. Keloid-derived mesenchymal-like stem cells were induced into osteoblasts in vitro and calcium deposition was detected by Alizarin red S stain. Realtime polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect the expressions of Notch1-4 mRNA in keloid-derived mesenchymal-like stem cells.

RESULTSFlow cytometry showed that keloid-derived mesenchymal-like stem cells of primary and P3 generation highly expressed CD29, CD44, CD90 from the typical MSC phenotype marker, but they failed to express HSC phenotype markers, such as CD34 and CD45. The results of immunocytochemistry showed that Oct4 from pluripotent stem cell markers and vimentin from mesenchymal cell markers was positive and CK19 from epithelial cell markers was negative. After induced differentiation into osteoblasts in vitro after 21 day, calcium nodules could be seen clearly; Notch1-4 gene were expressed in keloid-derived mesenchymal-like stem cells through RT-PCR. The relative quantitative of Notch2, Notch3 gene were higher than Notch1, Notch4 gene (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe expression difference of different subtypes from Notch gene in human keloid-derived mesenchymal-like stem ceils may be related to self-renewal, proliferation, differentiation, and participate in the formation of keloid.

Adolescent ; Cells, Cultured ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Keloid ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; metabolism ; Receptors, Notch ; metabolism

BACKGROUND:In recent years, chitosan-based thermosensitive hydrogel, as scaffold materials, have received more and more attentions in the field of tissue repair because of good biocompatibility, biodegradability and drug-sustained release.
OBJECTIVE:To explore the directed differentiation and growth of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on the quaternary chitosan thermosensitive hydrogel scaffold and to look for more ideal tissue engineering materials for the treatment of nervous system damage.
METHODS:The thermosensitive hygrogel scaffold was prepared using hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (HACC) andβ-glycerophosphate (β-GP). The spatial structure of scaffold was observed by scanning electronic microscope. Effect of leaching liquor from the HACC/β-GP scaffold on the viability of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells was detected by (4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The albumin from bovine serum was combined with the scaffold, and the slow-release effect of the scaffold was detected by ultraviolet absorption spectrometry. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were incubated onto the compound scaffold at 3 passages. The adhesion, growth and differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on the compound scaffold were observed by the scanning electron microscope. Neuron-specific enolase was detected by immunofluorescence.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The porosity and thermal sensitivity of HACC/β-GP scaffold and slow-release effect of glial cellline-derived neurotrophic factor were apparent. The results of MTT showed that the compound scaffold cannot take apparent negative effects to the proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. After inoculation, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells permeated the porous structure of the scaffold and adhered to the scaffold. Under the role of glial cellline-derived neurotrophic factor, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells showed neuron-like cellmorphology and cells co-cultured with the compound scaffold expressed the marker of neurons, neuron-specific enolase. Under the role of slow-release glial cellline-derived neurotrophic factor, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells can grow wel in vitro and differentiate into neuron-like cells on the HACC/β-GP scaffold.

Objective To study interleukin-23 (IL-23) levels in serum and dendritic cells of acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and to explore its relationship with the prognosis.Methods Peripheral blood mononuclear cells and serum were collected from 40 ACLF patients with CHB (including survival group 27 cases and non-survival group 13 cases) and 26 healthy controls.Monocytes were induced to immature dendritic cell in vitro and TNF-α was added to induce dendritic cell maturation.IL-23 mRNA of dendritic cells was detected by real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and serum IL-23 level was measured by enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA).Differences among the parameters with normal distribution were compared using t test, those with non-normal distribution were compared using non-parametric Mann-Whitney U-test, and the relationship between two variables was assessed by Spearman′s rank correlation.Results International normalized rate (INR) and model for end-stage liver disense (MELD) scores in non-survival group of ACLF were higher than those in survival group (INR: 2.32 vs 1.64, U=69.00, P=0.002 2;MELD:36 vs 30, U=64.50, P=0.001 4).However, there were no significant differences between two groups at gender, age, alanin aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotrans ferase (AST), bilirubin, creatinine, hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) and serum IL-23.IL-23 mRNA level in dendritic cells at baseline in non-survival group of ACLF was significantly higher than that in survival group (76 vs 43, U=71.50, P=0.002 8).After treatment, serum IL-23 was significantly declined in survival group ([160±75] ng/L vs [91±49] ng/L, t=4.012, P=0.000 2), but not in non-survival group.Significant positive correlation was observed between IL-23 mRNA level in dendritic cells and MELD score at baseline (r=0.7198,P<0.01).Conclusions Persistent high serum IL-23 level suggests poor prognosis in ACLF patients with CHB.IL-23 mRNA expression in dendritic cells has good consistency with MELD score and the patients with high IL-23 mRNA expression has poor outcome.

Objective To investigate the effects of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) on spinal motor neurons after end-to-end anastomosis of transected sciatic nerves in rats and further explore the possible mechanisms concerned.Methods A total of 30 SD rats were randomly divided into five groups:blank control group,sciatic nerve transaction group (model group),nerve anastomosis after sciatic nerve transaction (anastomosis group),nerve anastomosis with PBMCs treatment after sciatic nerve transaction (PBMCs group),and nerve anastomosis with solvent control treatment after sciatic nervetransaction (solvent control group),with six rats per group.Except for the rats in blank control group,transection of the left sciatic nerves conducted 0.5 cm under the piriformis muscle was performed in all animals,immediately followed by end-to-end anastomosis of sciatic nerves in anastomosis,PBMCs and solvent control groups.The rats in PBMCs group were given 0.2 ml PBMCs (1 × 107 PBMCs) at anastomosis,and the rats in solvent control group were injected with 0.2 ml PRMI-1640.After rats were on regular diet for 4 weeks,morphological examination was performed by HE staining and the counting of apoptotic cells was evaluated by TdT mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining.The protein expression of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and glial cell derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) were detected by Western blot.Results In model group,HE staining showed that most of the spinal motor neurons became vacuoles with karyopyknosis and cytomorphosis.In anastomosis group and solvent control group,some spinal motor neurons had contraction,deformation and even plasmolysis,with vacuoles status of cytoplasm,karyopyknosis in some cells.In PBMCs group,some spinal motor neurons were normal with nucleus in the middle while some other spinal motor neurons were seen plasmolysis and vacuoles status of cytoplasm.Through TUNEL,the numbers of apoptotic cells were 0.44 ± 0.10 in blank control group,5.78 ± 1.11 in model group,5.22 ±0.51 in anastomosis group,2.56-± 0.42 in the PBMCs group,and 3.78 ± 0.19 in solvent control group,respectively.Compared with blank control group,the apoptosis of spinal motor neurons was significantly increased in model group (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with model group,the apoptosis of spinal motor neurons was significantly decreased in treatment groups except anastomosis group (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with solvent control group,the apoptosis of spinal motor neurons was significantly decreased in PBMCs group (P ＜ 0.05).The BDNF protein levels of the spinal cord tissue were 1.83 ± 0.72 in blank control group,1.35 ± 0.46 in model group,1.29 ± 0.44 in anastomosis group,1.87 ± 0.55 in PMBCs group,and 1.22 ± 0.50 in solvent control group,respectively.Compared with blank control group,the protein expression of BDNF was decreased in model group (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with model group,the protein levels of BDNF and GDNF were increased in PMBCs group (P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference between anastomosis group and solvent control group in regard of protein levels of BDNF and GDNF (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The transaction of sciatic nerves may induce injury and apoptosis of the spinal motor neurons.End-to-end anastomosis combined with PMBCs can effectively ameliorate apoptosis of the spinal motor neurons,the mechanism of which may be related to PMBCs that may enhance protein levels of BDNF and GDNF in spinal cord.

Objective To explore the application value of magnetic resonance molecular functional imaging diffusion weighted imaging(DWI) in the identification of pancreatic carcinoma and mass-type pancreatitis of animal model.Methods Each 8 cases of laboratory pancreatic head transplantation tumor model,chronic mass-type pancreatitis model and normal rabbits were selected and performed the MR DWI molecular functional imaging,the b values were 333,667,1 000 s/mm2 respectively.The apparent diffusion coefficients(ADC) of pancreatic carcinoma model,mass-type pancreatitis model and normal pancreas under different b values were observed.Then the change situation of ADC values of pancreatic carcinoma model,mass-type pancreatitis model and normal pancreas under different b values and difference of ADC(DADC) was analyzed.Moreover the differences in molecular diffusion,tissue perfusion among various groups were observed.Results Throughout the study period,the mortality rate of pancreatic head transplantation tumor model was 50%;the mass-type pancreatitis model and 8 normal rabbits were normally survival.The ADC value of pancreatic carcinoma under the same b value was significantly lower than that of chronic inflammation and normal pancreas area.The ADC value in each group was decreased with the increase of b value,and there was significant difference in ADC value when the b value was 333 s/mm2(F=6.662,P=0.014),in the pairwise comparison among groups,the difference between pancreatic cancer and pancreatitis (t=6.773,P=0.003) and between pancreatic cancer and normal pancreas(t=5.883,P=0.016) had statistical significance (P<0.05).The b value was increased,DADC was smaller,the difference change of DADC between pancreatic cancer area and chronic pancreatitis mass area,between pancreatic cancer area and normal pancreatic head area had statistical significance (P<0.05).Conclusion Rationally selecting the molecular functional imaging DWI technology of b value can better distinguish pancreatic cancer from mass-type pancreatitis,which may be promoted and applied in the evaluation of animal pancreatic head cancer model.