Purpose To investigate the expression of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and PI3K/AKT signaling pathway associated gene protein p70S6K1, VEGF in prostate cancer and adjacent tissues, and to determine their relationship with micro-vascular density ( MVD) , as well as the relationship between themselves. Methods The expression of ROS was detected by immunofluorescence, and the expression of p70S6K1, VEGF and MVD counting were detected by immunohistochemistry. Results Compared to adjacent tis-sues, the expression of ROS, p70S6K1, VEGF and MVD in PCa were increased considerablely (P<0. 05). In prostate cancer the ex-pression of ROS were positively correlated to the expression of p70S6K1, VEGF protein, and the expression of ROS and p70S6K1, VEGF were positively correlated to the number of MVD. Conclusion (1)The expression level of ROS in prostate cancer tissues was significantly higher than adjacent tissues. (2) The expression of PI3K/AKT pathway associated gene protein p70S6K1, VEGF protein and MVD counting in prostate cancer tissue was higher than the adjacent tissues, suggesting PI3K/AKT signaling pathways may play a role in tumor angiogenesis. (3) The expression of ROS and PI3K/AKT pathway associated gene protein p70S6K1, VEGF and MVD counting in prostate cancer tissues was positively correlated, suggesting that ROS may play a positive regulatory role for the development of prostate cancer by PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

Objective To study the effects on tissue CT number caused by scan protocols.Methods The phantom was repeatedly scanned in different protocols by changing only one of parameters,such as X-ray tube voltage,mAs and recon kernel,while other parameters were ketp unchanged.The CT number of different materials in phantom were measured and analyzed.Results The CT numbers of tissues changed remarkably with the tube voltage and had different relativity for different tissues.The CT numbers had positive correlation with kV for such maierials as polyethyle,lexan,perspex,but for teflon the correlation was negative.The mAs and recon kernel had no effects on CT number.Conclusions The CT number of tissue changes with scanning X-ray tube voltage,so the setting of scan parameters should be taken into account in image diagnosis and radiotherapy.

Objective:To evaluate whether urological patients at nutritional risk are at higher risk for complications after radical cystectomy than those not at nutritional risk .Methods:We performed a retro-spective observational study in the consecutive patients undergoing radical cystectomy between 2010 and 2013 .A total of 147 patients were enrolled in this study .The nutritional risk score was assessed preoper-atively by a specialized study nurse .The patients with NRS ( nutritional risk screening ,NRS2002) scores≥3 were considered to have nutritional deficiency .Postoperative complications were defined using the standardized Clavien-Dindo classification .Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify the predictors of complications.Results:The patients aged ≥70 years(50.57%) were more prone to nutritional risk than those aged <70 years (31.67%, P=0.023).Of the 63 patients at nutritional risk, 39 (61.90%) presented with at least 1 complication compared with 29 of the 84 controls (34.52%, P=0 .001 ) .The patients at nutritional risk were at threefold risk for complications on binary Logistic analysis (OR=3.128,95%CI 1.538-6.361,P=0.002).The length of hospital stay of the patients at higher nutritional risk was longer than that of those without nutritional risk [(12.9 ±5.7) d vs.(10.4 ± 4.3) d, P=0.003].Conclusion:The patients aged ≥70 years are at higher nutritional risk than that of those aged <70 years .Patients at nutritional risk are more prone to complications after radical cystectomy .

The clinical data of 24 bladder cancer patients reoperated shortly after laparoscopic radical cystectomy were retrospectively analyzed.The reoperative reasons included intestinal injury,wound bleeding,intestinal anastomosis fistula,deep vein thrombosis,ileus and single-J tube slipping.All of them were cured after reoperation.The postoperative complications were infected incisional wound (n =2),urinary leakage (n =1) and pulmonary infection (n =1).All were cured by symptomatic treatments.The keys of reducing the rate of reoperation shortly after laparoscopic radical cystectomy included selecting indications strictly,standardizing operative procedures and adopting special measures.