Objective To discuss the role of nuclear factor kappa B in restenosis after angioplasty.Methods Related literatures of recent 5 years were reviewed.Results Nuclear factor kappa B could lead to hyperplasia of vascular intima which resulted from proliferation and decrease of apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells.Conclusion Nuclear factor kappa B plays an important role in restenosis after angioplasty.

Objective To explore the value of nasal continuous positive airway pressure(nCPAP) in treating obstructive sleep apnea syndrome(OSAHS). Methods According to the efficacy of nCPAP, 76 patients with OSAHS were divided into treatment success group(n=50) and control group(n=26), and indices before and after treatment were analyzed. Results The longest and average apnea duration as well as the lowest oxygen saturation(SpO 2) increased, while apnea-hypopnea index(AHI) decreased (P

Objective To investigate the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS) and cardiac arrhythmia. Methods 160 snorers were recruited to undergo more than 7 hours nocturnal polysomnography(PSG) and 24 hours ECG monitoring, and were divided into OSAHS group (n=98) and control group (n=62) based on the results of PSG monitoring. Results There were significant differences in sleep apnea hypopnea index(AHI), SpO_2 and cardiac arrhythmia frequency between the OSAHS and control groups. Accompanying with the breath pause, SpO_2 decreased, and heart rate was periodic changes. The frequency of cardiac arrhythmia obviously increased when SpO_2 was lower than 80%. Conclusion During sleep the low oxygen saturations and fluctuation of autonomic nervous system play important roles in the cardiac arrhythmia in OSAHS patients.

Objective To assess intraplaque hemorrhage before carotid artery stenting (CAS)by use of 3D-MPRAGE and DWI sequence.Methods Thirty-two symptomatic patients who had carotid artery plaque suspected by color Doppler ultrasonography and prepared for CAS underwent 3.0T carotid high-resolution MR scans,including regular sequence,T1-weighted gradient echo three-di-mensional magnetization prepared (3D-MPRAGE ) sequence,diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI ) sequences.According to 3D-MPRAGE sequence hemorrhage and non-hemorrhage groups were divided,and measured the mean ADC values of the two groups, hemorrhage and non-hemorrhage part in the hemorrhage group.Meanwhile preoperative cerebral hemorrhage group underwent brain DWI scans.Independent samples t-test analysis was utilized by SPSS V20.0 statistical software.Results High-resolution MRI dis-played 40 plaques,fourteen hemorrhagic plaques showed by 3D-MPRAGE sequence.The mean ADC values of hemorrhage and no-hemorrhage group were(1 233.5±283.5)× 10 -6 mm2/s,(1 688.9 ± 449.6)× 10 -6 mm2/s respectively,the difference of both was significant (t=3.43,P <0.05).The mean ADC values of hemorrhage and non-hemorrhage parts in the hemorrhage group mean ADC values were (934.0 ± 387.9)× 10-6 mm2/s,(1 313.9 ± 295.0)× 10-6 mm2/s respectively;the difference of both was statistically significant (t=2.92,P < 0.05 ).The difference of mean ADC values between non-hemorrhage part in the hemorrhage group and hemorrhage group was statistically significant (t=2.80,P <0.05).Conclusion 3D-MPRAGE and DWI sequences can be evaluated intraplaque hemorrhage before CAS,and provided a reliable basis for timely clinical interventions to prevent stroke.

Objective To provide theoretical evidences for diagnosis of bladder neoplasm by using more information of imaging features. Methods MRI images of bladder neoplasm were collected for this research. The ROI (region of interest) area was selected manually,and noise reduction and sharpening were applied to the ROI area by using LoG (Laplacian of Gaussian) filter. The texture features of bladder neoplasm and normal bladder wall (smooth muscle),such as mean grey-level intensity,entropy,uniformity were calculated. A statistical analysis was made at last. Results The values of texture features were analyzed by t-test. Entropy and uniformity show significant differences between the two groups. But Mean grey-level intensity hasn't indicated this difference. Conclusion This texture features may be applied to decide the invasive depth of bladder neoplasm,it also means that the stage of bladder neoplasm may be fixed by this system.

ObjectiveAfter intratympanic gadolinium administration through the tympanic membrane,three-dimensional fluid-attenuated inversion recovery magnetic resonance imaging (3D-FLAIR MRI) was performed to evaluate endolymphatic visualization and its diagnostic value in Meniere's disease.MethodsTwenty-four hours after intratympanic gadolinium administration through the tympanic membrane,19 patients with unilateral Meniere's disease diagnosed clinically underwent 3D-FLAIR and 3D-Balance-FFE imaging at 3.0 T MR scanner.The enhanced imaging of perilymphatic space in bilateral cochlea,vestibular and (or) canal were observed.Scala tympani and scala vestibule of bilateral cochlear basal turn were scored respectively.The enhanced range of bilateral vestibule and the signal intensity ratio (SIR) between the vestibule and the brain stem were measured. Wilcoxon tests and paired t tests were used.ResultsThe gadolinium appeared in almost all parts of the perilymph in cochlea,vestibular and (or) canal,so the endolymphatic space was clearly visualized on 3D-FLAIR imaging.The score of scala vestibuli between the affected side (3 cases scored 2,9 cases scored 1,7 cascs scored 0) and the healthy side ( 15 cases scored 2,2 cases scored 1,2 cases scored 0 ) were significantly different ( U =3.090,P ＜ 0.05 ).The area of enhanced vestibular were (5.77 ± 2.33) mm2 and (8.11 ± 3.32) mm2 for the affected side and the healthy side,which were significantly different ( U =3.090,P ＜ 0.05 and t =2.638,P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusions According to 3D-Balance-FFE MRI and the enhancement of perilymphatic space,3D-FLAIR MRI with intratympanic gadolinium injection through the tympanic membrance can be used to show the border between the perilymph and the endolymph and confirm endolymphatic hydrops,thus providing radiographic evidence for the diagnosis of Meniere's disease.

Objective To assess the optimal visiualization capacity of brachial plexus with three-dimensional nerve-sheath signal increased with inked rest-tissue rapid acquisition of relaxation imaging (3D SHINKEI), exploring the feasibility of preliminary diagnostic value on brachial plexus diseases. Methods MRI scans were performed on 24 healthy volunteers with no history of brachial plexus injury, and 46 patients whose outcomes of lesions had been verified as post-ganglionic brachial plexus injuries by surgery or clinical follows-up . The scan series consist 3D SHINKEI, STIR in the coronal plane as well as DW-MRN in the axial plane using a 3.0 T MR system. The source and post-processed images of 3D SHINKEI and DW-MRN were scored according to the optimal visibility on brachial plexus, in the meanwhile, contrast-to-noise ratio of the original images in the 3D SHINKEI and STIR sequences were calculated separately. Two radiologists blindly compared the detection rate of positive brachial plexus injuries between 3D SHINKEI and STIR in 46 patients. And then analyze the outcomes by means of Kappa test, Mann-Whitney test , independent sample t test, and Chi-square test. Results Post-ganglionic brachial plexus showed high intensity in the 3D SHINKEI sequence. In the 24 healthy volunteers, the scores by the two radiologists were 3.6 ± 0.6, 3.5 ± 0.6, 3.0 ± 0.2, 2.9 ± 0.1, respectively. There was statistical difference between the two sequences (Z=2.667,P=0.008,P<0.05). And the Kappa was 0.8 and 0.6 with favorable consistency. The CNR of 3D SHINKEI and STIR were 0.61 ± 0.07, 0.42 ± 0.03 (t=12.78, P=0.001, P<0.05). The positive detection rates of post-ganglionic brachial plexus injuries on 3D SKINKEI and STIR were, 78.3%, 52.2%(χ2=9.421, P<0.05). Conclusions 3D SHINKEI sequence demonstrates robust visibility consistently and can clearly display the structures and signals of post-ganglionic abnormality, compared with DW-MRN and STIR. This technique can be helpful to provide more complementary information to further confirm the diagnosis of brachial plexus injuries.

Objective To measure the diameter of cochlear nerve(CN) in normal hearing children with different ages,and evaluate the diameter variations with age.Methods A total of 156 normal-hearing children were assessed with 3D-FIESTA sequence scanning of the inner ear.All the subjects were divided into 13 groups according to age,witha group of ≤6 months,a group of ≤1 year,and 11 groups from one year to 12 years.Each group had 12 cases,including 6 boys and 6 girls.The diameter of CN was measured at the entrance of the cochlea,the middle of internal auditory canal(IAC) and the fundus of IAC respectively on the axial and oblique sagittal images of 3.0 T MRI by two independent observers.The average values measured by them were the final results.The intraclass correlation coefficient was used to determine the consistency between the two independent observers.The t test was used to access differencesin CN diameter by sex and sides.One-way analysis of variance(ANOVA) and two-way ANOVA were used for comparisons among different groups.Spearman correlation coefficient was applied to find a correlation between the CN diameter and age.Results The diameters of normal-hearing children's CN at the middle of the IAC,IAC fundus and the entrance of the cochlea were (1.12 ± 0.08),(1.05 ± 0.06),(0.87 ± 0.14) mm respectively,and there was significant difference among the three measuring points (F=527.57,P＜0.05).The diameters of the CN had no significant differenc (P＞0.05) in age-groups,gender and sides(P＞0.05),and there was no correlation between the diameters of normal children's CN and age.Conclusions The diameters of normal-hearing children's CN change with different points of the IAC,of which the maximum value is at the middle of the IAC,followed by the IAC fundus,and the entrance of the cochlea is at the minimum,more over the normal size doesn't change with age.

Objective To investigate the imaging diagnosis of acetabular dysplastic coxarthrosis. Method The imaging of the acetabular dysplasia was analyzed in 51 patients (87 hips). All but four patients were women. The age ranged from 22 to 78 years, and the mean age was 42.6 years. Pelvis radiographs were studied in all cases, and CT scan was performed in 18 cases and MRI in 10 cases. Results The fundamental signs on the plain film included shallow acetabulum, increased obliquity and insufficient coverage of the femoral head by the acetabulum. The CE angles were determined in all the cases, ranging from -10? to 30?, mean 12.9?. The charp angles ranged from 35? to 67?, mean 45.3?. The secondary osteoarthritis were revealed in 75 hips (84.2%). 54 hips (62.1%) had cyst like lesions in weight bear area of the acetabulum or femoral head. 19 hips had subluxation of femoral head. CT and MRI displayed small cystlike lesions and forward shift of the femoral head, which could not be shown on plain film, respectivly in 13 and 10 hips. Conclusion The cyst like lesion of subarticular region is a common sign in acetabular dysplastic coxarthrosis. CT or MRI can show the early osteolytic lesion and forward subluxations.

Objective: To investigate the use of mobile fitness application (APP) and healthy lifestyles of college students, so as to provide a theoretical basis for improving the health quality of college students and promoting the national scientific fitness. Methods: From August to October 2023, 591 college students from three universities in Jinan and Weifang Cities, Shandong Province were selected by stratified cluster random sampling method, and the online questionnaire was conducted on the mobile fitness APP use behavior and healthy lifestyle. The ttest and analysis of variance were used to assess the differences in healthy lifestyle of college students, and stratified linear regression was used to analyze the effect of mobile fitness APP use on healthy lifestyle. Results: The utilization rate of mobile fitness APP among college students was 82.57% (n=488), and the average score of healthy lifestyles was (3.49±0.66). The differences in students healthy lifestyle scores between different residences, grades, majors, monthly living expenses, annual personal visits, and family medical expenses were statistically significant (t/F=23.82, 4.87, 6.07, 10.17, 3.79, 16.92, P<0.05). The results of stratified regression analysis showed that the overall evaluation of mobile fitness APP, and the recommendation intention of mobile fitness phone APP were the main related factors of healthy lifestyles among college students (β=0.47, 0.06, P<0.05). Conclusions College students have a high degree of use of the mobile fitness APP, and the mobile fitness APP is positively associated with a healthy lifestyle.It should increase the publicity and promotion of mobile fitness APP to promote college students to develop a healthy lifestyle.