BACKGROUND:Human has a high level heritability in physical performance. With the development of technology and test method in molecular biology, the researchers of sport science are concerned with the influence of gene variation on the elite athlete performance. They begin to know the important value of gene on predicting the physical performance.
OBJECTIVE:To review the research results in the field of gene polymorphisms and elite athlete performance and to expatiate the problems in these researches, thereby offering some proposals.
METHODS:A computer-based online research of PubMed and CNKI databases was performed to col ect articles published from 1998 to 2013 with the key words“elite athlete performance, gene polymorphisms, endurance, power, training response”in Chinese and English. There were 150 articles after the initial survey. A total of 80 articles were included according inclusion and exclusion criteria.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The researches of this field are mainly focused on the three aspects:elite endurance performance, elite power performance, and training response, which are associated with gene polymorphisms. The main genes related to elite endurance performance are ACE, mtDNA, PPAR, ADR, GNB3, NRF2, etc. The main genes related to elite power performance are ACTN3, ACE, GDF-8, IL-6, HIF-1, etc. The main genes related to training response are HBB, TFAM, NRF2, AR, FECH, etc. Several gaps in the current researches have been identified including smal sample size of most athletic cohorts, lack of corroboration with replication cohorts of different ethnic backgrounds. The numerous research findings can be applied to the gene selection of athletes by creating some kinds of algorithms and models.

In order to study the pathogenesis of HPVl1 and seek for a therapeutic approach of the disease caused by HPV1l. The HPVl1/E2 644bp was amplified by PCR with HPVll plasmid DNA. pGEM-T Easy was used as vector and a clone pTV-644 was obtained.The inserted DNA sequencing was carried out after selecting and identification. According to the hammerhead structure described by Symon's, the possible secondery cleavage sites on HPVll/E2 mRNA were analyzed and the secondery structure of substrate was predicted by computer and ribozyme, excluding analogous sequence of substrate combined with ribozyme were found in the mRNA.The hammerhead ribozyme of RZ2777 against HPV1l/E2 mRNA was seleted to carry out cleavage reaction in vitro. Results of the experiment showed that 644bp substrate derived from HPVll/E2 can be cleavaed site-specifically by ribozyme in vitro. The cleavage activity showed over 85% by choosing the optimun reaction condition, which was not affected by two cis-ribozymes on both 3′-and 5′-ends released by self cleavage,but two flan-king sequences of target RNA influenced the cleavage activity. Results demonstrated that the ribozyme will become a highly effective and specific therapy against HPVll infection.

Objective:To study the relation between the distribution ofapolipoprotein E(apoE)genotypes and cognitive impairment onset in long lived elderly in Bama area in Guangxi in china.Methods:A total of 112 long lived elderly aged 90 years old and over were collected and tested with MMSE to inspect their cognitive function,and they were classified into cognition impaired group and non-impaired group according to MMSE scores.We determined the AopE genotypes by way of PCR-RFLP technique,and compared the differences of AopE allele and genotype of the two groups.Result:The cognitive disfunction was found to be 14.29% in long lived elderly in Bama area.The ApoE ? 3/? 3 genotypes have highest frequency in long-lived elderly,next is ?2/3,and ?4/4 is lowest frequency.There were significant differences of ? 4 allele frequencies between cognition impaired group and non-impaired group(P

Objective To construct pseudotype retrovirus which integrates hemagglutinin(HA)of H5N1 avian influenza virus(AIV)isolated from human in Shenzhen.Methods AIV HA gene was amplified bv RT-PCR,then it was ligated with pGEM-T vector,and identified by restriction enzyme digestion and sequenced.HA gene was cloned into CMV/R vector at the site of Sal Ⅰ and BamH Ⅰ.pHR-Luc,pCMV&8.2 and CMV-HA were co-transfected into 293T cell by co-precipitation with calcium phosphate.The pseudotype virus supernatant was harvested 72 h post-transfection and ultracentrifugation,and the HA and P24 expression on the surface of pseudotype virus was analyzed by western blot.Meanwhile.the infection activity of HIV-HA pseudotype virus was identified in different kinds of cell lines,including MDCK,HeLa,CHO and 293T.Results A/Shenzhen/406H/06 belonged to subclade2.3 with open reading frame(ORF)of HA gene encoded 567 amino acides,whose accession number was EF137706 in GenBank.HA gene was cloned into CMV/R successfully.After co-transfection of above vectors,it revealed that HA protein could integrate pseudotype virus by western blot,and precursor protein HA0 could cleavage into HA1 and HA2 with biological activity.Finally.HIV-HA pseudotype virus could infect 4 kinds of cell lines,which indicated its property of infectivity and catholicity.Conclusion The pseudotype retrnvirns wassuccessfully constructed,which can integrate HA protein of A/Shenzhen/406H/06 and had property of infectivity.It call be used in the further research,including selection of neutralizing antibodies and epitope analysis.

Objective To establish neutralization assay based on H5N1 avian influenza pseudotyped virus in vitro and to evaluate neutralizing titer of convalescent serum from 2 patients with H5N1 avian influenza.Methods pHR-Luc,pCMV△8.2 and CMV/R-SH or CMV/R-TH were cotransfected into 293T cell by co-precipitation with calcium phosphate.Pseudotyped virus supernatant was harvested 72 h posttranofection and identified the expression of HA and P24 by Western blot,and then we analyzed infective activity of 200 μL supernatant of pseudotyped virus.293T cell integrated HA was prepared and anti-HA antibodies in convalescent serum were measured with FACS assay.Neutralizing titers of convalescent serums against Shenzhen and Thailand pseudotyped virus were determined based on calculating IC50 with neutralizing assay.Results Pseudotyped virus involved P24 and HA,and precursor protein HA0 could cleavage into HA1 and HA2 with biological activity.Pseudotyped virus possessed better infective activity,and RLA value was about 2 × 104 with 200 μL supernatant.Both convalescent serums contained anti-HA antibodies and had cross-reactivity against different virus clades with FACS assay.Both convalescent serums had neutralizingactivity and could cross-neutralize different virus clades.However,both serums'neutralizing titers against Shenzhen virus were higher than Thailand.Conclusion We successfully constructed infectious pseudotyped virus which integrated HA of Shenzhen or Thailand virus,and it could be used for evaluation of serum neutralizing activity fast,efficiently and safely with broadly application prospect.

Electrospinning is a very effective way to prepare scaffolds for biomedical applications. However, conventional electrospinning technique has shortcomings for this purpose. Modification studies on electrospinning technique have been conducted by more and more researchers. This paper summaries the research progress in electrospinning technique for biomedical materials.
Biocompatible Materials ; chemical synthesis ; Elasticity ; Electrochemistry ; instrumentation ; methods ; Materials Testing ; Nanostructures ; chemistry ; Tissue Engineering ; methods ; Tissue Scaffolds ; chemistry

Bronchopulmonary Sequestration ; classification ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Infant ; Lung ; diagnostic imaging ; Male ; Radiography ; Respiratory System Abnormalities ; diagnosis ; surgery

Metabonomics is a new method to study on the metabolic network and the relationship between body and environment, which conforms to the way of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) research. In the study process of modernization of traditional Chinese medicine, effectively conjunction with metabonomics method will facilitate the integration of TCM with modern biological science and technology, and promote the modernization of TCM. This paper introduce the application of metabonomics in the research of toxicity mechanism of TCM, compatibility mechanism of TCM formula, pharmacology effect of TCM and processing mechanism of TCM. This paper summarize the problems in the TCM metabonomics research and prospect its bright future.
Animals ; Drug Therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; adverse effects ; analysis ; metabolism ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; trends ; Metabolomics ; methods ; trends

OBJECTIVETo develop a new platform for genotyping human papillomavirus (HPV) and to investigate its effect in clinical application.

METHODSA pair of common primers of 18 HPV subtypes for PCR, was designed in HPV conservative L1 region. Genotyping probes for detecting 15 high-risk HPV subtypes 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 53, 56, 58, 59, 66 and 68, together with 3 low-risk HPV 6, 11 and 42 were selected respectively from Genbank and fixed on membrane to make DNA chip. PCR amplification and DNA chip technology were optimized. 100 clinical samples were used to investigate the effect of HPV genotyping DNA chip. Veracity of the genotyping results was verified by sequencing.

RESULTSFrom the 100 clinical samples, 30 were found to be HPV positive, including high-risk HPV subtypes 16, 18, 33, 45, 51, 58, and 66, and low-risk HPV 6, 11 and 42. The sensitivity tested by standard samples was up to 10 copies of HPV DNA.

CONCLUSIONThe HPV genotyping system developed here with DNA chip showed high sensitivity and specificity, suitable to be applied in clinical practice for HPV diagnosis and investigation on the prevalence of HPV sub-types.

DNA Probes, HPV ; genetics ; DNA, Viral ; genetics ; Female ; Genotype ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; methods ; Papillomaviridae ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Papillomavirus Infections ; diagnosis ; virology ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; virology

A series of cycloberberine derivatives were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their anti-cancer activities in vitro. Among these analogs, compounds 6c, 6e and 6g showed strong inhibition on human HepG2 cells. They afforded a potent effect against DOX-resistant MCF-7 breast cells as well. The primary mechanism showed that cell cycle was blocked at G2/M phase of HepG2 cells treated with 6g using flow cytometry assay. It significantly inhibited the activity of DNA Top I at the concentration of 0.1 mg mL-1. Our results provided a basis for the development of this kind of compounds as novel anti-cancer agents.
Antineoplastic Agents ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Berberine ; analogs & derivatives ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Cell Cycle ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; DNA Topoisomerases, Type I ; metabolism ; Doxorubicin ; pharmacology ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; Hep G2 Cells ; Humans ; MCF-7 Cells ; Molecular Structure ; Structure-Activity Relationship