Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF)is a neuroendoerine peptide that stimulates the synthesis and release of adrenecortieotropic hormone from the pituitary. CRF widely distributed in the body has been implicated in the regulation of endocrine, neural, behavioral responses and has relevance in the the physio- logical effects and pathophysiology of gut. The delayed gastric emptying, inhibited small intestinal transit and stimulated colonic transit are the most common responses evoked by CRF. CRF delay gastric emptying by ac- tivating CRF2 receptor while the stimulation of colonic motility is mediated by the activation of CRF1 recep- tor. Development of antagonists of CRF receptor may treat a new therapeutic strategy for treatment of stress- related gastrointestinal disease.

Objective To explore the safety and feasibility of VOLUVEN and HES used for acute hyperv-olemic hemodilution on selective Hepatectomy .Methods 42 patients ( ASAⅠ ~Ⅱ) were randomized to the two groups(Ⅰ,VOLUVEN group;Ⅱ,HES group),20 minutes before the operation,the two groups of patients underwent AHH with VOLUVEN and HES respectively at the same quantity and speed ,and then the changes of haemodynamics , blood gas analysis ,electrolyte and coagulation indexes were detected .Results InⅠgroup,the changes of HB、HCT, PLT,central venous pressure had statistical significance before and after AHH (t=7.880,32.257,7.303,22.812,all P=0.000).InⅡgroup,the changes of HB,HCT,PLT,central venous pressure had statistical significance before and after AHH(t=5.398,14.924,11.171,5.620,all P=0.000).For inter-group,VOLUVEN has less effect than HES on central venous pressure(t=2.367,P=0.023).Conclusion Using VOLUVEN or HES can keep hemodynamics stable and improve the ischemic tolerance for AHH in liver surgery .VOLUVEN has less effect on central venous pressure.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic criteria, clinical management and prognostic factors of primary central nervous system (CNS) histiocytic sarcoma (HS). Methods An adult patients with primary CNS HS was reported, and literature on the rare entity were reviewed. Results The patient had no previous history of disease. Magnetic resonance imaging (including magnetic resonance spectroscopy) suggested a mass in the frontal lobe with obvious vasogenic edema, which was considered glioma. Surgery was the initial treatment and the tumor was totally removed. The histological findings revealed the HS. The patient received concomitant chemoradiotherapy postoperatively and currently lived without recurrence. Conclusions Primary CNS HS is extremely rare hematopoietic malignant tumor. The pathological feature and comprehensive immunophenotype panel are the useful ways to establish the diagnosis till now. Primary CNS HS should be treated intensively with surgery, chemotherapy, and/or radiation therapy. However, prognosis is disappointed in most of patients. Concomitant chemoradiotherapy might be an alternative treatment.

Objective To investigate the feasibility and safety of laparoscopic radical resection for rectal carcinoma.Methods A total of 80 patients with rectal carcinoma received laparoscopic radical resection in our hospital from March 2004 to January 2008.During the operation,adequate proximal and distal bowel segments,and mesentery and lymph nodes surrounding the tumor were resected completely.And then lower anterior resection(Dixon)and sigmoid colostomy for abdominal perineal resection(Miles)were implemented.Results Among the 80 patients,4 were converted to open surgery during the operation,and the other 76 patients were treated by laparoscopy successfully.Dixon surgery was performed on 44 cases with a mean operation time of(178?38)minutes,intraoperative blood loss of(61?17)ml,excised lymph nodes number of(11.3?2.9),and postoperative hospital stay of(7.1?3.2)days.Miles were carried out on 32 patients,in which the mean operation time was(231?49)minutes and intraoperative blood loss was(210?178)ml;a mean of(12.9?3.7)lymph nodes were resected,the postoperative hospital stay was(9.3?4.1)days.No residual cancer was found in the patients.After the treatment,1 patient developed stoma stenosis,5 showed perineal wound infection,1 had anastomotic leak,and 6 complained of urinary retention immediately after the surgery.No patient had postoperative hemorrhage or died after the procedure.Follow-up was achieved in 70 cases for 9 to 48 months,during which 5 patients had recurrence,2 died of multiple organ failure induced by multiple metastasis,and 5 patients developed ileus.Conclusion Laparoscopic resection for rectal carcinoma is safe and feasible for selected patients,when the surgeons are skilled with experience on both open colectomy and laparoscopic surgery.

Objective To investigate the association between physical activity volume and medical care cost in elderly persons aged 70 years and over in Crane Valley, Sendal, Japan. Methods A total of 494 community-dwelling Japanese elderly persons living in residential area of Sendai City in northern Japan completed a self-administered questionnaire that included questions on physical activity. We ascertained total medical care costs through computerized linkage with claims lodged between November 2002 and December 2004 from the Miyagi National Health Insurance Association.Results After multivariate adjustment for potential confounders, the average monthly medical costs of hospitalization, hospital days, outpatient medical expenses, out-patient numbers and the total medical expenses in grade Ⅰ exercise volume group were (196.7±72.1) U.S. dollars, (0. 7±0.3) d, (308. 7±54.4) U.S. dollars, (6.2±1.1) times and (506. 95±94. 2) U.S. dollars; in grade Ⅱ exercise volume group were (139. 8±72.1) U.S. dollars, (0.5±0. 3) d, (295.3±54.6) U.S.dollars, (6.1±1.1) times and (437.8±94.5) U.S. dollars; in grade Ⅲ exercise volume group were (134.1±72.5) U.S. dollars, (0.4±0.3) d, (278.8±54.9) U.S. dollars, (5.8±1.1) times and (418. 1±95.0) U.S. dollars. With the increase in physical activity, there were significant differences between the medical costs of hospitalization and total medical expenses (F=5.85 and 8.11, both P=0.01). Conclusions This prospective study indicates that a higher volume of physical activity is associated with lower medical care costs among Japanese elderly persons.

Objective To explore the effects of lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) on restraining the mouse pancre?atic cancer cells LTPA by the polarization of macrophages to type 1 macrophages (M1). Methods LTPA tumor model of the subcutaneous CB-17SCID mice was constructed. Model mice were randomly divided into tumor-bearing model group (n=10) and LBP treatment group (n=10). The LBP treatment group was fed 10mg/kg LBP every day, and the tumor-bearing model group was fed the same dose of normal saline. The same amount of macrophages Raw264.7 was randomly divided into the control group and experimental groups (different concentrations of LBP). MTT assay was used to detect the optical density (OD) of Raw264.7 in experimental groups and control group. ELISA was used to detect the levels of the interleukin (IL)-12 and IL-10 in experimental group (LBP was 100 mg/L) and the control group. Flow cytometry was used to test the levels of the membrane protein CD16/32 and CD206 in experimental group (LBP was 100 mg/L) and the control group. The tumor mass was weighted and the volume was calculated after three weeks. The effects of LBP on the growth of subcutaneous tumor were detected. HE staining and KI-67 staining were used to detect the microscopic changes of tumor and the proliferation of the LTPA. Results The dose of 100 mg/L LBP can promote the growth of the macrophages Raw264.7 (P<0.01), and induced the high expression of CD16/32 and low expression of CD206, high secretion of IL-12 and low secretion of IL-10. The weight, volume of the tumor and the expression of KI-67 were significantly lower in experimental group than those in the con?trol group (P<0.01). The microscopic necrosis area range of tumor was larger than that of control group. Conclusion The LBP has the effect of restraining LTPA by the polarization of macrophages to M1.

Objective To study changes and effects of transforming growth factor-?1(TGF- ?1) and its receptorIII (TGF-?1 R III) in children with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). Methods Bone marrow were respectively collected from 28 children with acute idiopathic thrombocytopenic pupura(AITP),16 children with chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura(CITP) and 20 comparably normal children; Percoll density gradient and immunomagnetic beads methods were used to purify megakaryocytes from bone marrow; ABC- ELISA was used to detect TGF - ?1 in bone marrow; in situ hybridization was used to detect TGF-?1 RIIImR-NA expression on megakaryocytes.Results In AITP and CITP group, the levels of TGF-?1 and TGF-?1 RIIImRNA were significant higher than those in control group(P

Xanthan gum is a microbial, natural high molecular weight polysaccharide produced by a the bacterium Xanthomonas campestris. Due to its exceptional rheological properties, its numerous areas of application cover a broad range. This review focuses on various aspects of xanthan production, properties, degradation, and application.

Objective To discuss the effect of daidzein on hepatocellular carcinoma SMMC7721 cell proliferation CD133 expression on tumor stem cell.Methods Hepatocellular carcinoma SMMC7721 cells were cultured,digested and passaged,and divided into six groups with different drug:control group with no daidzein,100 μg/mL daidzein group,200μg/mL daidzein group,300μg/mL daidzein group,400μg/mL daidzein group ,500μg/mL daidzein.The inhibition ratio,hexokinase,alkaline phosphatase and CD133 levels in SMMC7721 cell were detected and compared at 24 h,48 h,72 h among those groups. Results The inhibition ratio was increased by Daidzein dose increasing,and decreased apparently by times extending,especially in 400μg/mL and 500μg/mL daidzeingroups.Compared with control group,the hexokinase and alkaline phosphatase activity and CD133 expression were decreased apparently in groups treated with daidzein(P<0.01).The more the dose,the higher the drop(P<0.01).Conclusion Daidzein can inhibit hepatocellular carcinoma SMMC7721 cell proliferation,and inhibit CD133 expression on tumor stem cell.

Objective To explore whether the presence of juxtapapillary duodenal diverticula (JPDD) risks biliary stone disease and recurrence.Methods 829 patients undergoing ERCP in our hospital from Aug 2008 to Dec 2012 were divided into four groups:biliary stone disease (n =609) non-stone biliary abnormality (n =124) common bile duct malformation with cholelithiasis (n =38) and normal control group (n =58).There were 206 patients with JPDD and 623 patients without JPDD.Biliary stoneformation,post-ERCP pancreatitis,cannulation failure,and stone recurrence were compared between those with JPDD and those without.Results The incidence of JPDD in biliary stone disease group (27.8％) was significantly higher than in non-stone biliary anatomical abnormality group (18.5 ％) (x2 =4.512,P ＜ 0.05).In biliary stone disease group,rates of post-ERCP pancreatitis were significantly higher in JPDD cases (33.7％) compared to those without JPDD (13.8％) (x2 =30.841,P ＜ 0.05).The cannulation failure rate was also higher in patients with JPDD (15.4％) compared to JPDD negative (6.8％) (x2 =0.731,P ＜0.05).Recurrence rates in biliary stone disease were significantly higher in patients with JPDD (19.5％) when compared to JPDD-lacking individuals (9.3％) (x2 =14.51,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions JPDD is a risk factor for biliary stone formation.JPDD also is associated with post-ERCP pancreatitis,cannulation failure and biliary stone recurrence.