Pyrosequencing technology is famous for its application in detection of SNP site and DNA methylation. At the end of 2005,pyrosequencing technology was used to sequence the whole genome and it has become the most developed next generation high-throughput sequencing technonlogy.In this article,we introduce the theory,operation process and wide application field of the second generation genome sequencer FLX system provided by Roche

Objective To detect p16 gene DNA methylation in the plasma of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and its significance in the disease activity and clinical manifestations. Methods Forty-five cases of SLE and 20 healthy controls were enrolled. Promoter methylation in p16 gene was measured by methylation specific PCR (MSP) in patients' plasma, and the correlation between the methylation status and clinical manifestations and routine laboratory findings were analyzed. Results Hypermethylation of p16 gene DNA was observed in the plasma of SLE. It was found that the rate of DNA hypermethylation was significantly higher in active SLE patients (20/24, 83.33%) than that in inactive patients (9/21, 42.85%) (x2 = 8.008 b; P

OBJECTIVETo study the influence of particle size and morphology on zinc cation adsorption by hydroxyapatite (HA) and dentifrice containing HA.

METHODSFour HAs with different particle sizes and morphologies, HA-containing dentifrice and blank dentifrice were prepared into suspensions of serial concentrations. Zinc ion solutions with an initial concentration of 10 mg/L was mixed with the suspensions and kept for 24 h for adsorption reaction. The zinc ion concentration in the supernatant was measured by inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer and the sorption rate of zinc ion was calculated.

RESULTSHA and HA-containing dentifrice with various particle sizes and morphologies were all capable of absorbing zinc ions from simulated waste water, and the adsorption rate of HA-containing dentifrice was 3%-10% higher than that of HA. HA with a particle size of 12 µm and a spherical morphology showed the strongest adsorption ability, followed by short bar-shaped HA with a particle size of 30 µm. Both Langmuir and Freundlich equation could simulate the sorption processes of HA dentifrice, while only Langmuir equation could simulate the sorption processes of HA.

CONCLUSIONIncorporation of HA in dentifrice can enhance zinc ion adsorption capacity of the material. The particle size and morphology of HA both affect the adsorption of zinc ions, and 12-µm HA particle with a spherical morphology has the best adsorption ability.

Adsorption ; Dentifrices ; chemistry ; Durapatite ; chemistry ; Particle Size ; Solutions ; Zinc ; chemistry

BACKGROUNDOveractive bladder (OAB) is a series of symptoms with high prevalence in elderly people. This study was conducted using the overactive bladder symptom score (OABSS) to evaluate the efficacy of solifenacin succinate for the treatment of OAB.

METHODSThis was a prospective, multicenter, single-arm, 12-week study that enrolled 241 OAB patients. The patients received 5-10 mg/day solifenacin. Changes in OABSS, symptoms from voiding diary, perception of bladder condition (PPBC) score, international prostate symptom score (IPSS) and quality of life (QOL) were evaluated at weeks 0, 4, and 12. The relationship between OABSS and PPBC score or parameters of voiding diary was also evaluated.

RESULTSAt baseline, the mean OABSS for all patients was 9.41 ± 2.40, and was reduced significantly at week 12 (-3.76 points; 61.21%, P < 0.0001). The OABSS subscore, PPBC score, IPSS, and QOL were also significantly reduced during the study (P < 0.0001). The overall incidence of adverse events was 19.91% (44 cases). The gastrointestinal system was the most commonly affected (11.31%). Around 5.88% of the cases had adverse events related to the genitourinary system. There was a strong correlation between OABSS and urinary symptoms that was recorded in the 3-day voiding dairy.

CONCLUSIONSWe showed that solifenacin was clinically effective for relieving OAB symptoms, considering the balance between efficacy, patients' well-being, and tolerability. OABSS integrates four OAB symptoms into a single score and can be a useful tool for research and clinical practice.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Muscarinic Antagonists ; therapeutic use ; Prospective Studies ; Quality of Life ; Quinuclidines ; therapeutic use ; Solifenacin Succinate ; Tetrahydroisoquinolines ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome ; Urinary Bladder, Overactive ; drug therapy