Objective:To evaluate functional recovery of nerve and muscle after end-to-side neurorrhaphy.Methods:10 SD rats were randomly and evenly devided into group A and group B.Right common peroneal nerve was amputated in all the rats.Then the distal stump was sutured to the ipsilateral tibial nerve by the end-to-side way through a epineurial window in group A. The right common peroneal nerve was severed in group B as denervated control.After 1.5 months all the rats were subjected to walking track analysis,histological and ultrastructure observation.Results:In group A peroneal nerve index (PFI) achieved -41.634,density of collateral axons 51.437?12.041/1 000 ?m 2,synapsin (SYP) 439?120.5.In group B PFI was -100,SYP 0. In normal control PFI was 0, density of collateral axons 18.847?1.078/1 000 ?m 2,SYP 842?84.7.Conclusion:End-to-side neurorrhaphy may induce nerve sprout plenty of collateral axons.The axons can reach target muscle to reconstruct functional neuromuscular junction,and recover the function of the muscle in some degree.

Objective To demonstrate the mapping of the brachial plexus by means of high resolution sonography. Methods Eight healthy adult volunteers (three women and five men) underwent bilateral sonographic examination to assess the nerve structures of the brachial plexus from the extraforaminal part to the axillary part. Results A satisfactory sonographic demonstration was shown in all the volunteers. The subclavian and deep cervical arteries were useful landmarks for this mapping. Sonography was also reliable in depicting the level of the C7 vertebra because of the absence of the anterior tubercle from its transverse processes. Conclusion The brachial plexus can be mapped with high resolution sonography, for it may increase the diagnostic rate of brachial plexus injury.

Limitation of donor source for allograft makes the xenotrans plantation be focus again.But xenotransplantation rejection is far more complicated than allotransplantation.This article reviewd the progress of xenotransplantation rejection and its strategy.

Objective To improve understanding of the varied, especially atypical mammographic appearances of breast infiltrating lobular carcinoma(ILC). Methods We retrospectively studied 28 ILC (27 patients) mammographic appearances and correlated with the clinical examination, ultrasonographic(US) findings.Results ①The most frequent mammographic finding was an uncalcified mass (13), followed by a mass with calcifications (5), architecture distortion was seen in 4 lesions, two lesions appeared indistinct calcifications. Pleomorphic microcalcifications, focal asymmetric density were 1 respectively, negative mammogram was in two cases. ②Eighteen lesions appeared a mass with or without calcifications on mammogram. Of them, 5 lesions appeared irregular shape. The mass with indistinct margins and spiculated borders were 9 and 6 lesions respectively. ③Seven lesions appeared subtle features, such as architecture distortion (4), indistinct calcifications (2) and focal asymmertric density (1). ④The sensitivity of mammographic detection was 86%(24/28), clinical examination was 64%(18/28), US was 85% (17/20). The sensitivity could be improved to 96%(27/28) by the use of integrated mammography, US, and clinical examination.Conclusion The irregular mass with indistinct or spiculated margins is the predominant mammographic sign in ILC. Atypical features, such as architectural distortion etc are frequently findings. The combination of mammography, ultrasonography and clinical examination is effective to detect ILC.

Purpose:To study the efficacy and the side ef fe ct of morphine controlled-release tablets plus diclofenac sodium in the treatme nt of pain of metastatic bone carcinoma. Methods:69 patients with pain were randomly divided into two gr oups. Group Ⅰ was treated only with morphine controlled-release tablets (30 mg ,q 12 h),GroupⅡ with morphine controlled-release tablets (30 mg,q 12 h) and diclofenac sodium (100 mg,q 12 h). The analgesia effect and adverse reaction were observed. Results: Both have analgesia effect,but group Ⅱ was superior (P

Objective To know the ability of degrading oxalate of three species of Lactic acid bacterium and their mixing bacteria coming from yoghurt in vivo culture broth. Methods Identifying the species of Lactic acid bacteria obtained from 6 brands of yoghurt.Three species of bacterium and their mixture was cultured separately for 72 h in MRS broth which contained three different concentration of ammonium oxalate,and the broth without inoculum of bacteria was prepared as a control.The concentration of ammonium oxalate in culture were detected. Results Three species of Lactic acid bacteria (L.bulgaria,L.acidophilus and L.thermophilus) were detected in every band of yoghurt.After 72 h incubation,the concentration of oxalate in all the broth containing bacteria was lower than that in the control ones.L.acidophilus showed the best degrading activity,and in the presence of ammonium oxalate 5 mmol/L,the 11.0% of oxalate was degraded by the bacteria.The higher concentration of oxalate was,the more the amount of oxalate degraded was,but the lower the percent of degrading was. Conclusions All the species coming from yoghurt have the ablitiy of oxalate degrading which become greater as the increasing of the concentration of oxalate in culture.

Objective To determine the expression of two neuron developmental associated genes induced by hyperphenylalanine.Methods Primary embryonal rat cerebral cortical neurons were cultured for three day and cells induced by hyperphenylalanine for 12 hours.Real time quantitative RT-PCR was used to determine the influence of hyperphenylalanine on the expression of GAP-43 and Go?1 genes.Results GAP-43 mRNA was upregulated to 2.25 times and Go?1 was downregulated to 3.31 times by hyperphenylalanine.Conlusion Hyperphenylalanine may interfere the normal development of cerebral cortical neurons through influencing the expression of GAP-43 and Go?1 genes.

OBECTIVE:To establish a RP -HPLC method for the determination of plasma concentration of flurbiprofen. METHODS:By external standard method,the plasma sample after precipitation with acetonitrile was determined on Symmetry shield C_(18) chromatographic column with the mobile phase consisted of buffer phosphate(pH 7.0) - acetonitrile(75:25) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL?min~(-1).The detection wavelength was set at 247 nm.RESULTS:The linear range of flurbiprofen was 0.05～20?g?mL~(-1)(r=0.999 1) with the detection limit of flurbiprofen at 0.05?g?mL~(-1).The average recoveries at low,middle and high concentrations all ranged between 96.1%and 107.1%,and both the intra - day RSD and the inter-day RSD were less than 10%,meeting the standard required of the methodology.CONCLUSION:The method developed in this study was proved to be simple,accurate,rapid,and suitable for the monitoring of concentration and pharmacokinetic study of flurbiprofen.

Objective To evaluate the centralization of the distal stem of hip femoral prosthesis after total hip replacement with CT imaging. Methods T he 4th zone of the femoral stem of hip prosthesis in 18 cases was scanned with c omputerized tomography; the affected limb was fixed, the window level was 1 500 to 2 000. The rectangular coordinat was established, its origin was the center o f femoral medullary cavity, and the line parallel with the connecting line betwe en the posterior borders of femoral medial lateral condyles was X axis. The foll owed variables were recorded on CT imaging: 1)the distance of the centers(the me dullary cavity center and femoral prosthetic center); 2) medullary cavity radius ; 3) the distance of the centers/medullary cavity radius; 4) the relationship of the prosthetic hip and quadrant; 5) metal pseudo imagines.The distal femoral st em of hip prosthesis could be measured and analyzed. Results Through CT scan, th e location of the distal stem in femoral medullary cavity could be accurately sh own and viewed directly. The distances between the femoral stem tips and the cen ters of medullary cavity, the radius of femoral medullary cavity, and the quadra nt which the stem tips are located at, could be considered as quantitative indic es on the centralization of the femoral distal stem of hip prosthesis. Conclusio n The centralized status of the distal stem of hip prosthesis can be observed wi th CT imaging. CT imaging is a kind of accurate and quantitative analysis method . It not only can guide the doctor to study and improve the surgical techniques, but also offer a reliable basis for correlative research. [

According to clinical manifestations, 122 cases of subacute and chronic severe viral hepatitis confirmed by pathologic examination, were divided into two types. The severe jaundice-ascites(SJ-A) type accounted for 93 cases (76.2%) and the subfulminant hepatic failure (SFHF) type 29 cases (23.8%), with a ratio of 3.2 : 1. For SFHF type, hepatic encephalopathy was the first prominent feature and ascites might or might not appeared later. Therefore, this type was most easily misdiagnosed as fulminant hepatitis. In comparison with SJ-A type, the average elevation of serum bilirubin was lower and the average depression of prothrombin activivty more remarkable in SFHF type, suggesting that the degree of hepatic necrosis was more severer and the progress to hepatic failure more rapid. The mortality of SFHF type (93.1%) was markedly higher than that of SJ A type (62.4%) (x2 = 7.488, P