Female ; HIV Infections ; prevention & control ; transmission ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical

Aged ; Chondroma ; diagnosis ; Diagnostic Errors ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; Male ; Tracheal Neoplasms ; diagnosis

Objective:To investigate the value and effectiveness of the case-based learning assisted by several internet platforms for medical interns in interactive teaching for undergraduate students in the clerkship of cardiovascular surgery.Methods:Ninety-six undergraduates were randomly divided into control group ( n = 48) and experiment group ( n = 48). The control group received traditional teaching, and the experiment group received case-based learning with the aid of WeChat and Sojump questionnaires. The theoretical and clinic operating scores, classroom atmosphere, learning interest, learning efficiency, learning ability improvement, theoretical knowledge mastery and clinical skills improvement were were compared between the two groups. SPSS 19.0 was used for t test and chi-square test. Results:The clinic operating scores, classroom atmosphere, learning interest, learning efficiency, learning ability improvement, theoretical knowledge mastery and clinical skills improvement were statistically higher in experiment group than in control group ( P < 0.05). Conclusion:The application of case-based learning combined with internet platforms has achieved a good teaching effect in interactive teaching for undergraduate students in the clerkship of cardiovascular surgery and is worthy of popularizing.

Objective To evaluate retrospectively whether posterior longitudinal ligament(PLL)adhere to dura mater in the patients with cervical spondylotie myelopathy(CSM)or not before the anterior cervical operation.Methods From December 2005 to January 2007,of 18 patients with CSM the adhesion between PLL and dura mater was found in the anterior cervical operation.The patients included of 11 males and 7 females,with mean age of 65.4 years (range 55-72 years).All the patients were measured by CT and MRI before operation.There were 12 cases of dual-segmental cervical intervertebral disc herniation,6 of tri-segmental disc herniation.The former cases were treated with one level corpectomy and titanium mesh or iliac grafting and cervical anterior plate,and the latter with an additional cervical cage in the intervertebralspace.The floatation method was used to deal with the adhesion.The fitness between the two radiological methods was analyzed by matched-pairs Kappa eoemcient test.Results The nerve functions of all the patients were improved after anterior cervieal decompression.The mean score of JOA was increased from 9.6 of pre-operation to 12.1 of post-operation.There were 4 cases with injury in dura mater,which healed after appropriate dealing with the leakage of cerebrospinal fluid.None of lacerated dura was directly repaired during the operation.The condition of the coarse touch and bur between intervertebral disc and dura mater were found in CT transverse scanning.The thickening of the PLL and the unsymmetrical space between inferior and superior subdural cavity was found in MRI.The coefficient test proved that the difference of the CT and MRI was significant in finding the adhesion.Conclusion MRI iS better than CT in finding the adhesion between the PLL and dura mater in CSM before operation,besides the floatation method should be good to deal with the adhesion.

Background Wearing of soft contact lens,as one of the important methods to correct ametropia,has been widely applied at present.The clinically deleterious effects of soft contact lens have been reported,but researches about influence of apoptosis of corneal epithelial cells are scant.Objective This study was to detect and compare the ratio of apoptosis of corneal epithelial cells between the patients with contact lens wearing and without contact lens wearing,and explore the influence of soft contact lens wearing for long term on growth of corneal epithelial cells after injury.Methods A retrospective nest case-controlled study was designed.Forty eyes of 20 myopic patients with wearing of soft contact lens for ≥5 years and 40 eyes of 20 myopic patients without wearing of soft contact lens were included in Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang Medical College.All the patients received the off-flap epipolis laser in situ keratomileusis (Epi-LASIK) from 2010 October to 2011 June.The corneal flaps were collected during the surgery.The apoptosis of corneal epithelial cells was detected by flow cytometry(FCM),and the difference of apoptotic proportion between the two groups was compared using independent sample t test.Results The FCM scatter plot showed that compared to the without contact lens wearing group,the early stage of apoptotic cells with high staining annexin V and low staining proaium iodide (PI) were much more,and survival cells with low staining annexin V and PI were less,and necrotic and late stage of apoptotic cells with high staining of annexin V/PI were more in the with contact lens wearing group.The early stage of apoptosis proportion of corneal epithelial cells was (11.23 ± 5.31)％ in the with contact lens wearing group,and that in the without contact lens wearing group was (7.31± 5.43)％,showing a significant difference between them (t=2.754,P=0.008).Conclusions A long term wearing of contact lens induce more apoptosis of corneal epithelial cells,which can result in a disorder of structure and function of ocular surface during the wound healing stage.

Objective To investigate the expression of DNA methylation related protein enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) in multiple myeloma (MM) cell line U266 and enriched MM cells (MM-BMMNC) from 10 patients,and analyze the potential role of DNA methylation in the occurrence and development of MM.Methods Human MM cell line U266 and MM cells from 10 MM patients were studied.Enriched bone marrow mononuclear cells (N-BMMNC) from 10 healthy persons were used as the control.The expression of EZH2 were determined by Western blot using the ratio of target protein EZH2 and the internal reference β-actin expression as the final results.Results The preliminary in vitro results showed that EZH2 expression was higher in MM cell line U266 and patient MM-BMMNC (N-BMMNC 0.2277±0.1306,MM-BMMNC 0.9220±0.1301,U266 0.9730±0.1029),with statistically significant differences (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion EZH2 is enriched in U266 and MM-BMMNC.DNA methylation may have a close correlation with the occurrence and development of MM.

Neuroendocrine tumor liver metastases (NETLM) is a uncommon advanced tumor disease.Patients with unresectable NETLM have a poor outcome.The management of unresectable NETLM is a clinical dilemma.However,Yttrium-90 radioembolization is a safe and effective treatment for NETLM patients.The median disease control rate is 87.1％ (64.7％ ～ 100％);the median overall survival time is 34.4 months;and the median overall survival rate of 1,2,and 3 years are 79.8％ (63％～100％),62％ (57％ ～62.5％),45.5％ (45％ ～ 46％),respectively.Although there is good result of Yttrium-90 radioembolization in treatment of unresectable NETLM,the safety and effectiveness should be further verified.

[Objective]To evaluate the restoration of the cervical curvature after segmental anterior cervical decompression.[Method]Thirty-seven patients(male 31,female 6,mean age 57.8)with cervical spondylotic myelopathy were treated by segmentai anterior decompression,JOA(17 scores)was used to evaluate the improvement of nerve function of the patients.The measurement of the lordosis was according to the Harrion posterior tangent angle which is presented on the tangent of posterior vertebral body margins of C2 and C7 in the cervical spine.E-film software was used to measure the tangent angles which were obtained by pre operation and post operation.All patients were divided into two groups in terms of the fifteen degree of lordosis of the cervical spine before the operation.[Result]All of the cases were obtained the improvement of the nerve function of the extremities.The mean JOA scores was 10.6 in pre-operation,and was 12.8 in post-operation(P

DSS group,although without statistical significance.JOA score of two groups before and after surgery without statistical significance.[Conclusion]Developmental spinal stenosis is pathology found,which influences course of ossification of cervical posterior longitudinal ligament.The principal factor is trauma,which induces ossification of cervical posterior longitudinal ligament.Decompressed from a posterior approach is a reasonable treatment way.

Objective To approach the treatment principle of lumbar spondylolisthesis with spina bifida occulta. Methods Twenty-six patients(male19,female 7,average 23.2 years old)with spondylolisthesis and spina bifida occulta were analyzed retrospectively.All cases were evaluated by radiological examinations including X-rays,computed tomography,magnetic resonance image.Based on the radiological results,the degeneration of intervertebual disc were varied by Ⅰ~Ⅴ types.Meyerdin’s score was used to evaluate the severe slip of the body of spondylolysis.At same time spina bifida occulta was divided into 4 models as follows,type A meant that the semi-lamina of sacrum was hypoplasia and still linked with spinous process;type B meant that the both sides of the lamina of sacrum was hypoplasia and the spinous process was free;type C meant that the lamina of sacrum was absent;type D meant that the spina bifida occulta was companied by other deformities such as the round formation of the end-plate of sacrum,the deformity of the transverse process of L5. Results The modality of the operations included 9 cases in single-vertabra fixation,13 cases in single-segment fixation,4 cases in two-segment fixation.All patients had been follow-up for 6~37 months(average 11.2 months).The effect of treatment was also obtained(8 in excellent,13 in good,5 in fair). Conclusions As for how to do with spondylolisthesis with spina bifida occulta(SBO),the type of SBO,degeneration scores of the disc and the degree of the slip of spondylolysis should be taken into consideration.