Female ; HIV Infections ; prevention & control ; transmission ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical

Aged ; Chondroma ; diagnosis ; Diagnostic Errors ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; Male ; Tracheal Neoplasms ; diagnosis

Objective:To investigate the value and effectiveness of the case-based learning assisted by several internet platforms for medical interns in interactive teaching for undergraduate students in the clerkship of cardiovascular surgery.Methods:Ninety-six undergraduates were randomly divided into control group ( n = 48) and experiment group ( n = 48). The control group received traditional teaching, and the experiment group received case-based learning with the aid of WeChat and Sojump questionnaires. The theoretical and clinic operating scores, classroom atmosphere, learning interest, learning efficiency, learning ability improvement, theoretical knowledge mastery and clinical skills improvement were were compared between the two groups. SPSS 19.0 was used for t test and chi-square test. Results:The clinic operating scores, classroom atmosphere, learning interest, learning efficiency, learning ability improvement, theoretical knowledge mastery and clinical skills improvement were statistically higher in experiment group than in control group ( P < 0.05). Conclusion:The application of case-based learning combined with internet platforms has achieved a good teaching effect in interactive teaching for undergraduate students in the clerkship of cardiovascular surgery and is worthy of popularizing.

[Objective]To test and prove the mushroom shaped surface prosthesis of femoral head not only can be a weight-bearing device,but also could reduce stress-shelter and achieve long-term stability.[Method]A simplified three-dimensional model of femoral head was made.And the biomechanics of femoral head were compared by finite element analysis in two states:with and without the replacement.[Result]It showed that the maximum of strees in famoral head was less than 40Mpa,consequently the replacement had sufficient strength to meet its basic function.Furthermore,the prosthesis bear the force both at up part and down.Therefore it reduced stress-shelter.[Conclusion]This prosthesis can achieve immediate and long-term stability.And it provides new ideas for designing the femoral head resurfacing prosthesis.

[Objective]To evaluate the restoration of the cervical curvature after segmental anterior cervical decompression.[Method]Thirty-seven patients(male 31,female 6,mean age 57.8)with cervical spondylotic myelopathy were treated by segmentai anterior decompression,JOA(17 scores)was used to evaluate the improvement of nerve function of the patients.The measurement of the lordosis was according to the Harrion posterior tangent angle which is presented on the tangent of posterior vertebral body margins of C2 and C7 in the cervical spine.E-film software was used to measure the tangent angles which were obtained by pre operation and post operation.All patients were divided into two groups in terms of the fifteen degree of lordosis of the cervical spine before the operation.[Result]All of the cases were obtained the improvement of the nerve function of the extremities.The mean JOA scores was 10.6 in pre-operation,and was 12.8 in post-operation(P

DSS group,although without statistical significance.JOA score of two groups before and after surgery without statistical significance.[Conclusion]Developmental spinal stenosis is pathology found,which influences course of ossification of cervical posterior longitudinal ligament.The principal factor is trauma,which induces ossification of cervical posterior longitudinal ligament.Decompressed from a posterior approach is a reasonable treatment way.

Neuroendocrine tumor liver metastases (NETLM) is a uncommon advanced tumor disease.Patients with unresectable NETLM have a poor outcome.The management of unresectable NETLM is a clinical dilemma.However,Yttrium-90 radioembolization is a safe and effective treatment for NETLM patients.The median disease control rate is 87.1％ (64.7％ ～ 100％);the median overall survival time is 34.4 months;and the median overall survival rate of 1,2,and 3 years are 79.8％ (63％～100％),62％ (57％ ～62.5％),45.5％ (45％ ～ 46％),respectively.Although there is good result of Yttrium-90 radioembolization in treatment of unresectable NETLM,the safety and effectiveness should be further verified.

Objective To study on a new generation of histone deacetylase inhibitor LBH589 on multiple myeloma (MM) resistant cells associated with changes in gene expression,and the mechanism of LBH589 reversal of MM cells' drug resistance.Methods By Western blot analysis,LBH589 (0,20,50 nmol/L) and 50 nmol/L LBH589 combined respectively with dexamethasone of 5 μmol/L at 24 h,expression of histone H4 acetylation and bcl-X gene on MMIR cells were detected.By real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR analysis,LBH589 (0,20,50 nmol/L) and 50 nmol/L LBH589 combined respectively with dexamethasone of 5 μmol/L at 24 h and 48 h,expression of TOSO on MM1R cells were detected.Results Western blot analysis showed that single LBH589 and combined with dexamethasone showed at 24 h the up-regulation on expression of the histone H4 acetylation[(0.205±0.008) ％,(0.346±0.009) ％,(0.580±0.053) ％,(0.986±0.012) ％,F =992.957,P =0.032],while down-regulation on expression of the bcl-X in MM1R cells in a dose-dependent manner[(1.210±0.160) ％,(0.930±0.036) ％,(0.730±0.017) ％,(0.488±0.029) ％,F =56.432,P =0.028].However,the group of single LBH589 was less effective than the combined group (all P ＜ 0.05).Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR analysis showed single LBH589 and that combined with dexamethasone showed at 24 h and 48 h,the down-regulation on expression of the TOSO in MM1R cells in a dose-dependent manner,24 h specific numerical were (1.00±0.00) ％,(0.55±0.01) ％,(0.47±0.01) ％,(0.38±0.01) ％ (F =1006.344,P =0.041),48 h specific numerical were (1.00±0.00) ％,(0.39±0.04) ％,(0.05±0.01) ％,(0.03±0.00) ％ (F =2383.977,P =0.045),however,the group of single LBH589 was less effective than the combined group (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Histone deacetylase inhibitor LBH589 can recover dexamethasone sensitivity of MM1R through effect the gene expression of bcl-X and TOSO,promot histone acetylation,and inducing cell apoptosis to treat tumor.

Objective To investigate the expression of DNA methylation related protein enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) in multiple myeloma (MM) cell line U266 and enriched MM cells (MM-BMMNC) from 10 patients,and analyze the potential role of DNA methylation in the occurrence and development of MM.Methods Human MM cell line U266 and MM cells from 10 MM patients were studied.Enriched bone marrow mononuclear cells (N-BMMNC) from 10 healthy persons were used as the control.The expression of EZH2 were determined by Western blot using the ratio of target protein EZH2 and the internal reference β-actin expression as the final results.Results The preliminary in vitro results showed that EZH2 expression was higher in MM cell line U266 and patient MM-BMMNC (N-BMMNC 0.2277±0.1306,MM-BMMNC 0.9220±0.1301,U266 0.9730±0.1029),with statistically significant differences (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion EZH2 is enriched in U266 and MM-BMMNC.DNA methylation may have a close correlation with the occurrence and development of MM.

Objective To approach the treatment principle of lumbar spondylolisthesis with spina bifida occulta. Methods Twenty-six patients(male19,female 7,average 23.2 years old)with spondylolisthesis and spina bifida occulta were analyzed retrospectively.All cases were evaluated by radiological examinations including X-rays,computed tomography,magnetic resonance image.Based on the radiological results,the degeneration of intervertebual disc were varied by Ⅰ~Ⅴ types.Meyerdin’s score was used to evaluate the severe slip of the body of spondylolysis.At same time spina bifida occulta was divided into 4 models as follows,type A meant that the semi-lamina of sacrum was hypoplasia and still linked with spinous process;type B meant that the both sides of the lamina of sacrum was hypoplasia and the spinous process was free;type C meant that the lamina of sacrum was absent;type D meant that the spina bifida occulta was companied by other deformities such as the round formation of the end-plate of sacrum,the deformity of the transverse process of L5. Results The modality of the operations included 9 cases in single-vertabra fixation,13 cases in single-segment fixation,4 cases in two-segment fixation.All patients had been follow-up for 6~37 months(average 11.2 months).The effect of treatment was also obtained(8 in excellent,13 in good,5 in fair). Conclusions As for how to do with spondylolisthesis with spina bifida occulta(SBO),the type of SBO,degeneration scores of the disc and the degree of the slip of spondylolysis should be taken into consideration.