2.Bloodstream infections caused by resistant bacteria in surgical patients admitted to Modilon Hospital, Madang.
Asa, Henao ; Laman, Moses ; Greenhill, Andrew R ; Siba, Peter M ; Davis, Timothy M E ; Maihua, John ; Manning, Laurens
Papua and New Guinea medical journal 2012;55(1-4):5-11
In view of the dearth of information relating to antibiotic resistance in community- and hospital-acquired bacterial infections in Papua New Guinea (PNG), we carried out a prospective, hospital-based observational study of surgical patients between October 2008 and October 2009. In a sample of 115 patients (median age 30 years; 55% males) suspected of having a bloodstream infection, blood cultures were positive in 11 (10%) and a significant pathogen was isolated in 9 (8%). Staphylococcus aureus was isolated in 4 patients (44%) and 3 were methicillin resistant; all these isolates were considered community acquired because cultures were performed within 48 hours of admission. Of the remaining 5 isolates, 4 were Gram-negative organisms with at least intermediate resistance to chloramphenicol that were grown from blood taken > 48 hours post-admission and thus considered nosocomially acquired. These data suggest two distinct patterns of bacterial infection in PNG surgical inpatients that have implications for national antibiotic prescription guidelines.
3.A large outbreak of shigellosis commencing in an internally displaced population, Papua New Guinea, 2013
Benny Edwin ; Mesere Kelly ; Pavlin Boris ; Yakam Logan ; Ford Rebecca ; Yoannes Mition ; Kisa Debbie ; Abdad Mohammad Y ; Menda Lincoln ; Greenhill Andrew R ; Horwood Paul F
Western Pacific Surveillance and Response 2014;5(3):18-21
Objective:The objective of this study was to investigate a large outbreak of shigellosis in Papua New Guinea that began in a camp for internally displaced persons before spreading throughout the general community.Methods:Outbreak mitigation strategies were implemented in the affected area to curtail the spread of the disease. Data were collected from the surveillance system and analysed by time, place and person. Rectal swab samples were tested by standard culture methods and real-time polymerase chain reaction to determine the etiology of the outbreak.Results:Laboratory analysis at two independent institutions established that the outbreak was caused by
4.Shigellosis: A truly neglected disease in Papua New Guinea
Elisheba Malau ; Jenny Mosse ; Paul F. Horwood ; Andrew R. Greenhill
Papua New Guinea medical journal 2016;59(3-4):147-154
Diarrhoeal diseases still affect many people, especially children living in impoverished and under-developed settings. In Papua New Guinea (PNG) diarrhoea remains one of the leading causes of hospitalization and a major cause of death. Here, we focus on the role of Shigella in diarrhoeal illness in PNG, and provide an overview of the causative organism and the illness. A review of the available data on the aetiology of diarrhoea in PNG suggests that shigellosis is a major cause of diarrhoeal illness. Since shigellosis can cause protracted and life-threatening illness an appreciation of the burden of shigellosis is important to aid in the development of optimal prevention and control strategies. Treatment strategies for all cases of moderate-severe diarrhoeal illness should centre on rehydration, but where antimicrobial treatment is required consideration should be given to the increasing antimicrobial resistance observed in Shigella isolates in PNG.
Shigellosis
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Diseases
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Infection prevention