Objective To study the roles of TGF-? 1 and CDK4 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).Methods The expression of TGF-? 1 and CDK4 was examined in 50 cases of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and 10 cases of normal esophageal mucosa with SABC immunohistochemical technique. All the samples were stained by HE to confirm their pathologic characters. The number of positive cells was counted under microscope. The data were analyzed with x 2 tests and t test.Results TGF-? 1 and CDK4 positive cells were significantly higher in esophageal SCC than those in the normal esophageal mucosa (P

BACKGROUND: Cardiospecific proteins of the troponin-tropomyosin complex in the contractile system of the cardiomyocytes have challenged creatine kinase isoenzyme MB (CK-MB) as the "gold standard" for the early biochemical detection of acute myocardial injury.OBJECTIVE: To investigate cardiac troponin Ⅰ messager RNA (cTnI-mRNA) in peripheral blood and its clinical values in diagnosis of patients with myocardial injury.DESIGN: A basic and observational study for set up a method to analyze cTnI-mRNA.SETTING: Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital, Nantong University.MATERIALS: The project was accomplished from May 2003 to May 2005 in Research Center of Clinical Molecular Biology, and Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital, Nantong University. The cTnI-mRNA was detected from blood by a nested PCR assay, and its clinical values as a sensitive myocardial diagnostic marker were confirmed in patients with myocardial injury.METHODS: Pathologic features and microstructure of cardiac myocytes were examined by H&E staining or electron microscopy. The cTnI-mRNA was extracted from blood and synthesized to cDNA through random primers and reverse transcriptase, and amplified by a nested PCR assay, and its clinical values as a myocardial diagnostic marker were investigated in patients with myocardial injury.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Microstructure of cardiomyocytes, sensitivity of analysis method and diagnostic values.RESULTS: Microstructure of cardiomyocytes with mitochondria swell,rupture, vacancy-like denaturation, nucleus abnormality, and chromatin condensed were observed by electron microscopy. The cTnI-mRNA fragments from heart and blood were successfully amplified and the sensitivity was 2 pg/μL. The product sequences from tissues or blood were confirmed by sequencing. The cTnI-mRNA from cardiac myocytes was found that it present in blood plasma and not in circulating nucleus cell. The incidence of blood cTnI-mRNA of chronic cardiomyopathy was significantly higher (P ＜ 0.05) than that of serum enzymatic patterns or cTnI quality,respectively.CONCLUSION: The analysis of blood cTnI-mRNA is a sensitive marker for diagnosis and monitoring of myocardial injury.

ObjectiveTo discuss the expression of VEGF and COX-2 in breast cancer and their correlation with Clinical relationships.MethodsWith Elivision immunohistochemistry,the expression of VEGF and COX-2 was evaluated in 60 samples with primary breast cancer,and it was determined that the correlation of their expression and the clinical features including age,tumor size,clinical TNM staging,pathological grading,armpit lymph node metastasis and prognosis. ResultsThe expression of VEGF had close correlation with tumor size, the clinical TNM staging, pathological grading, and armpit lymph node metastasis (P ＜0.05),but had no correlation with age.The expression of COX-2 had close correlation with the clinical TNM staging pathological grading, and armpit lymph node metastasis (P ＜0.05), but had no correlation with age and tumor size. The expression of VEGF had positive correlation with that of COX-2 (r =0.2615, P ＜0.05);In the death group, the expression of VEGF and COX-2 was significantly higher than the survival group (P ＜0.05).ConclusionThe up-regulated expression of VEGF and COX-2 closely correlated with tumor take place, evolution, metastasis and soake of breast carcinoma. The expression of COX-2 had positive correlation with that of VEGF.Combined detection would be helpful in screening the patients of breast cancer with high risks of recurrence and metastasis, judge the prognosis, so it is good for further treatment.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of retroperitoneal laparoscopic pyelolithotomy in the treatment of intrarenal pelvic staghorn calculus or multiple renal calculi. Methods Fifteen patients(9 males and 6 females)with average age of 40 years old were treated. The diameters of the calculi were from 1.5 cm to 3.7 cm. Three trocars were used in this procedure as rou-tine. The renal sinus was exposed by separating the pelvis from outside to inside until reaching the in-fundibulum of the renal calyx. Then the renal calyx was cut open and the calculus was taken out. Double J stent was placed in the ureter and the incision of pelvis was closed by 3-0 absorbable suture. The drainage tube was pulled out 3-4 d post-operatively according to the drainage quantity. Double J stent was then pulled out 2 weeks after surgery. Results All the 15 procedures were successfully completed. The average operation time was 170 min and the average post-operative hospital stay was 7 d. During the 3-15 months' follow-up, 2 patients had calculus remnants with the size of 0. 2-0.5cm in diameter. Conclusions Retroperitoneal laparoscopic pyelolithotomy provides a minimally inva-sive treatment option in patients with intrarenal pelvic staghorn calculus or multiple renal calculi. It has the advantages of good exposure, little bleeding, small incision and fast recovery.