Objective:To explore the incidence,mortality,trends and time distribution of food poisoning in Hunan Province.Methods:The data on food poisoning was derived from the Information Office of Hunan Provincial Health Department.Using the trend-test and circular distribution methods,we have described the current situation of food poisoning and tested the central tendency of the peak time points and the peak time zone of food poisoning in Hunan from 2000 to 2009.Results:On average,the incidence of food poisoning in Hunan from 2000 to 2009 was 0.072 per 100000 population.And the average number of people affected in these incidents was 1.937 per 100000 population.There were no apparent trends in either the number of incidents or people affected between 2000 and 2009 (u=-0.98,P＞0.05; u=-1.34,P＞0.05,respectively).The average mortality was 0.015 per 100000 population.The trend-test indicated that the average annual mortality decreased significantly from 2000 to 2009 (u=-1.72,P＜0.05).Meanwhile the average annual fatality rate was 0.77％.The trend-test revealed statistically significant differences for the average annual fatality rate (u=-1.88,P＜0.05).The circular distribution analysis showed that there was a central tendency of the distribution of food poisoning cases,with the average peak time atAugust 28th and the average peak time zone from June 7th to November 18th for food poisoning from 2000 to 2008.Conclusion:From 2000 to 2009,there is a significant tendency in the average annual mortality and fatality rate of food poisoning in Hunan.Summer and fall are the high seasons for food poisoning.We should pay attention to the peak time zone,especially the peak time point of food poisoning for food safety monitoring,and strengthen the prevention and control on food poisoning.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of eucalyptol-limonene-pinene enteric capsule on stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in the elderly.Methods A total of 120 patients with stable COPD were randomized into ELP group (n=63) with conventional treatment combined ELP and control group (n=57) with conventional treatment without ELP.Primary outcome was the number of exacerbations per year, and secondly outcomes were lung function parameters and St.George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ).Results After 1 year of treatment, numbers of exacerbations per patient per year were lower in ELP group than in control group (0.70 times/y vs.1.21 times/y, Z=-3.887, P=0.000).The proportion of exacerbation-free patients were 25.4％(16/63) in ELP group and 5.3％ (3/57) in control group (x2 =9.103, P=0.003).The differences in the forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), and FEV1/ FVC ratio (FEV1％) between 5 different time points measurements were statistically significant in both groups (ELP group: F=15.429, 36.389, 33.278, respectively, all P=0.000;control group: F=54.238, 94.213 and 83.774, respectively, all P=0.000).Difference in FEV1/FVC ratio between 5 different time point was statistically significant in control group(F=2.766, P=0.043), but not in ELP group(F=0.861, P=0.451).After treatment, SGRQ score was decreased in both group, and difference in symptom score was statistically significant between the two groups (t=2.109, P =0.037).The adverse reactions were found in 3 cases in ELP group, and in 2 cases in control group with no statistically significant difference between the two groups [3 (4.8％) vs.2 (3.5％), x2 =0.013, P=0.732].Conclusions Long-term oral administration of eucalyptol-limonene-pinene enteric capsule can significantly decrease exacerbation frequency, improve quality of life, delay the deterioration in lung function, and have good safety in elderly patients with stable COPD.

Objective To investigate the effect of β-lactam antibiotics on the false positive rate of the serum Aspergillus galactomannan (GM) assay in patients with lung diseases.Methods We selectively recruited 77 lung disease patients who did not meet the diagnostic criteria of invasive pulmonary Aspergillosis (IPA) and received different β-lactam antibiotics,while 41 patients without IPA who did not receive any antibiotic treatment were recruited as the control group.Serum samples for GM detection were collected from all participants.The rate of false-positive Aspergillus galactomannan was compared between the two groups.Results False-positive serum results were found in patients who received piperacillin-tazobactam (30.8％ or 8/26) and cefoperazone sulbactamand (27.8％ or 5/18).The rate of false-positive Aspergillus galactomannan in patients who receive β-lactam antibiotics were significantly higher than that in the control group (24.7％ or 19/77vs.7.3％ or 3/41,x2 =5.315,P=0.025).Taking false-positive serum Aspergillus galactomannan as the dependent variable and β-lactam antibiotic treatment as the independent variable,univariate logistic regression analysis showed that the rate of false-positive Aspergillus galactomannan in patients who received β-lactam antibiotics were 4.149 times more than that in the control group (OR=4.149,P=0.030).Conclusions The administration of β-lactam antibiotics may increase the occurrence of false-positive serum Aspergillus galactomannan,and physicians should be aware of this possible interference.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the rationality and validity of weighted TOPSIS method and weighted RSR method to evaluate drug supervision and supply networks construction in rural areas of Hunan . METHODS: Data of drug network construction in rural Hunan in 2010 were used to establish a comprehensive evaluation model, and weighted TOPSIS and RSR method were applied to this model and the results of which were compared to that of synthetical scored method to examine the validity. RESULTS: A comprehensive evaluation model was established, comprising of 3 primary indices, 8 secondary indices and 56 tertiary ones. The result of weighted RSR method was highly correlated to that of synthetical scored method, yet the result of TOPSIS was less correlated to the formers. All correlations were significant (P<0.01). CONCLUSION Both weighted RSR and TOPSIS are not perfect methods, but the application of the methods in drug network evaluation is scientific and effective.
China ; Computing Methodologies ; Decision Support Techniques ; Fees and Charges ; Models, Theoretical ; Pharmaceutical Preparations ; standards ; supply & distribution ; Rural Health Services

Objective To clarify the age patterns and types of differences so as to provide reference on prevention and interventions of hand,foot and mouth disease (HFMD) cases,in Hubei province.Methods We collected the HFMD case information of Hubei province from the Chinese National Notifiable Infectious Disease Reporting System in 2009-2015 while the information on pathogens from the laboratory monitoring system of Center for Disease Control and Prevention at all levels in Hubei province.All the data were stratified by age,disease severity,laboratory confirmation status,and serotypes of enterovirus.Results There were 495 783 reported HFMD cases from 2009 to 2015,in Hubei province,of which 1 045 were severe with 99 fatal.The annual notification rate was 1 231.0/106.HFMD cases were concentrated mainly in 0.5-5 year olds,with highest severity and mortality seen in 6-11 month-olds.The predominated pathogen in mild laboratory-confirmed cases each year,in order during 2009-2015 as:EV71,Cox A16,Cox A16,Cox A16,EV71,Cox A16 and other EV.HFMD showed semiannual peaks in April-June,November-December,and with more cases in the even years than in the odd years.Conclusions Children aged 0.5 to 5 years with 6 to 11 month-olds in particular,were the focused groups of attention in Hubei province.Our findings provided evidence for the improvement on monitoring program.Targeted intervention approaches should be strengthened to reduce the mortality and morbidity of HFMD in the province.