Objective To explore the predictive factors of life quality of adult patients with chronic tonsillitis after tonsillectomy .Methods 68 adult patients with chronic tonsillitis treated with tonsillectomy admitted to our hos-pital from January, 2013 to June, 2014 were divided into the observation group (SF-36 score<50 points, n=38) and the control group (SF-36 score>50 points, n=30) according to SF -36 scale scores 1 week after operation. Life quality ( SF-36) score of the 2 groups before and after treatment were statistically analyzed .The predictive fac-tors of life quality of adult patients with chronic tonsillitis after tonsillectomy were analyzed by single factor analysis and logistic factors analysis .Results Life quality scores of preoperative eight dimensions in the 2 groups including physiological functions, physiological roles, physical pain had no statistically significant difference (p>0.05).Life quality scores of the two groups at weeks 1, 2 and 4 after surgery were higher than those before surgery .Life quality scores of the observation group after treatment were lower than those of the control group in the same period ( p<0.05).The results of single factor analysis showed that relative factors of life quality of adult chronic tonsillitis after tonsillectomy were gender, age, Hamilton depression rating scale (HAMD) scores and Hamilton anxiety rating scale ( HAMA) scores, etc..The results of logistic multifactor analysis showed that age , HAMD scores and HAMA scores were independent predictors of life quality of adult chronic tonsillitis after tonsillectomy .Conclusion Independent predictive factors of life quality of adult chronic tonsillitis after tonsillectomy includw age , HAMD scores and HAMA scores.Therefore, diets and sports can improve disease resistance ability of aged patients .And psychological condi-tion regulation can also effectively improve patient's life quality .