Two phages for the pathogenic V. alginolyticus were isolated from marine products. These 2 phages were examined temperature stability, pH stability, inactivation by UV irradiation, damage on restriction system of host cell, antibody production, structure protein analysis and western blotting assay. V. alginolyticus phages(VAPs) fomed plaques about 0.5 - 0.9mm in diameter and bands 50 - 60% in sucrose density gradient, VAPs were stable below 65'C, pH 5 - 10 and mostly inactivation by UV irradiation for 120sec. Latend period was 15 - 20 min. and burst size was 1.3 - 1.4 * 10 PFU/cell. Restriction system of V. alginolyticus isolated was mostly inactivated by 45C, 20min. heating. VAPs had 14 specific structural proteins and 5 proteins related to antibody production.
Antibody Formation ; Bacteriophages* ; Blotting, Western ; Coriolaceae ; Heating ; Hot Temperature ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Sucrose ; Vibrio alginolyticus* ; Vibrio*

Objective To explore the effects of expressing human ciliary neurotrophic factor (hCNTF) mediated by retroviral vector in olfactory ensheathing cells(OECs) on the survival and neurite outgrowth of cultured neurons. Methods S\|hCNTF fragment was digested with endonucleases(Kpn I and Xba I) from pcDNA\-3\|S\|hCNTF plasmid and cloned into pRev\|TRE vector.The harvested pRev\|TRE\|hCNTF was identified and transfected with pRev\|Tet\|On into ecotropic Ecopack\|293 cells,resulting in 2 retroviral supernatants(pRev\|TRE\|hCNTF and pRev\|Tet\|On).Primarily cultured rat olfactory ensheathing cells(OECs) were co\|infected with the 2 retroviruses,and induced to secrete hCNTF with different concentrations of doxycline.The secreted hCNTF in OEC culture supernatant was detected with Western\|blot.Dorsal root ganglion (DRG) from a postnatal rat of 2 days was co\|cultured with CNTF\|modified OECs,and the supernatant was used to culture retinal ganglion cells(RGCs).Following ?\|tubulin immunocytochemical staining,the length of DRG neurites were measured,while the numbers of surviving RGCs were counted. Results 1.Individual 630bp and 400bp fragments were digested from pRev\|TRE\|S\|hCNTF expression vector with endonucleases(Hind Ⅲ and BamH Ⅰ),and respected direction and integration of hCNTF cDNA which inserted pRev\|TRE vector were identified; 2.The expression of 24kD CNTF proteins in CNTF\|modified OEC culture supernatant was positively\|correlated with the concentration of doxycline,while no such protein expression was detected in the control groups; 3.The number of surviving RGCs in CNTF\|modified OECs group(41\^34?5\^4) was significantly higher than those in unmodified OEC(23\^15?4\^7),OECs(24\^55?5\^8) and blank(16\^8?6\^5) groups;and 4\^The neurites of DRG were longer (660?67?m) and denser in CNTF\|modified OECs group,as compared with unmodified OECs(418?45?m),Mock+OECs(400?65?m) and blank (0?m) control groups.No process migrated and grew from the tissue mass in blank group.Conclusion\ hCNTF can be expressed in OECs with a doxycline concentration\|dependent manner after transfected via pRev\|TRE\|S\|hCNTF vector,and possesses a marked enhancing effect on the survival and neurite outgrowth of cultured neurons.[

The study of bacteriophage began by F.W. Twort in 1915 and the lytic cycle recognized by d'Herellel in 1917. It repeated about the marine bacteriophage containing Vibrio phage by Smith, Spencer and Ju. Authors isolated 2 virulent phages for the pathogenic V. alginolyticus from marine products. These 2 phages were examined their ultrastructure & host-infection by elecron microscopy and in vivo test using skin of rats. V. alginolyticus phages(VAPs) fomed plaques about 0.5 - 0.9mm in diameter and bands 50 - 60% in sucrose density gradient. VAP had 50 - 120nm tail and 40 - 90nm head in diameter. In vivo test, using rat skin, as well as in vitro test VAP had the activity to V. alginolyticus isolated.
Animals ; Bacteriophages* ; Coriolaceae ; Head ; Microscopy ; Rats ; Skin ; Sucrose ; Tail ; Vibrio alginolyticus* ; Vibrio*

No abstract available.
Diethylstilbestrol* ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphocytes* ; Siblings* ; Sister Chromatid Exchange*

Lesions of the skull vault are often incidentally encountered during in plain radiography, CT, and MR imaging of the brain and benign lesions are more common than primary malignancies. The usefulness of plain skull films is limited, but when combined with CT or MRI, there is a high probability of accurate diagnosis. The aim of this essay is to describe a wide range of cranial lesions and to illustrate their distinguishing features.
Brain ; Diagnosis ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Radiography ; Skull*

A supracondylar fracture of the humerus is the most common fracture of the elbow in children, and it may also be one of the most difficult fracture to treat. To obtain a good result after a supracondylar fracture of the humerus, an accurate reduction is needed. This region of humerus is very thin, and even if reduction is obtained it may be unstable. 104 children with 104 supracondylar fractures of the humerus were managed at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Busan National University Hospital from Jan. 1979 to Dec. 1983. Of 104 patients, 48 cases which fixed internally were reviewed and following results were obtained. 1. The average age was 7.6 years, ranged from 18 months to 15 years, and 68.8% were bodys. The left humerus was affected in 58.3%. 2. In type of fracture, extension type was 95. 8%. Type II was 12 cases (26.1%), Type III 22( 47.8 and Type IV 12 (26.1%). Posteromedial displacement was 75% (35 cases). 3. Average loss of motion was 11.9°, and change of carrying angle was 5.1° In change of range of motion by the final follow-up date, during 3 to 6 months that was relatively high by 37.5°, and then the change was improved. During 2 to 5 years the change was 5. 6°, and 1 to 2 years that was similiar to the whole average by 11.7°. 4. By the modified Mitchell & Adams criteria for grading results, excellent were obtained in 30.4%, good in 45.3% fair in 10.0% and poor in 6.3%. Namely, satisfactory was 93.7% and unsatisfactory was 6.3%.
Busan ; Child ; Elbow ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Humerus ; Orthopedics ; Range of Motion, Articular

Objective To compare the growth property of the stem cells taken from different brain regions at the same developmental stage. Methods Mice embryos at the same development stage were isolated under sterile conditions, cortex, striatum, diencephalon, mid-hind brain and spinal cord were collected and pooled separately, after single-cell suspension obtained, different regions' cell suspensions were seeded in FGF supplemented serum-free culture medium. Followed the neural stem cell clone(neurospheres) fromation, immuno-cytochemistry method was utilized to identify the cell characteristics, all these clones were passaged under same conditions, clone formation and cell migration were observed under phase-contrast microscope. Results In the FGF added serum-free medium, neural cells experienced a large scale death within 48h after being seeded, then few single cells began to proliferate and formed the floating cell clones in the medium. These clones (neurospheres) could form new clones when seeded as single cell suspension. If these clones were seeded on poly-orithine, they could differentiate into neurons and glia cells. Compare the clone formation and cell migration, we found that: cortex, striatum, diencephalon all could form floating clones with different rate, the cortex formed clones at the highest rate, striatum and diencephalon at lower rate; few neurospheres formed from cortex adhered to the culture plate substrate and few cells were found migrating out from the adhered clones, striatum and diencephalon derived neurospheres adhered the plate more easily, and there were apparent cell migration. Mid-hind brain and spinal cord formed clones at the lowest rate, floating clones were scarce, and the clones adhered to the substrate readily, there were large amount of cell migrating out from these adhered clones. Conclusion Neural stem cells could proliferate and be passaged in vitro in serum-free medium, and they could be induced to differentiate under certain conditions into major cells types of CNS, there were differences in clone forming rate and cell migration between neural stem cells derived from different CNC regions, nonetheless they were at the same development stage, this may reflect that, in some degree, these cells can keep some of their region-specified developmental intrinsic property in vitro.

Measurement of nocturnal penile tumescence or circumferential expansion is a valuable method for the diagnosis of erectile impotence. However, only a few investigation have been made of penile rigidity during tumescence with a single isolated measurement. Continuous and simultaneous recording of nocturnal penile rigidity and tumescence is preferred than measuring tumescence alone to define the features of nocturnal penile erection and differentiate psychogenic from organic impotence. Rigiscan is suitable for this purpose. This new method was used in 33 normal volunteers and 20 patients who complain erectile dysfunction. Circumferential expansion was not always accompanied by penile rigidity. A dissociation of rigidity between the tip and base of the penis was observed in some patients. Shortened episodes and low amplitude of rigidity and flat episodes also were seen. The higher the age, the shorter the duration and number of events were seen in normal group (P<0.05) . In patient group, event and duration were shorter than normal group (P<0.05). The findings of flat trace or abnormal erection provide valuable informations to screen the organic impotence. Because of its ambulatory character the continuous measurement of nocturnal penile rigidity is of value in defining features of nocturnal penile erection and differentiating psychogenic from organic impotence.
Diagnosis ; Erectile Dysfunction* ; Healthy Volunteers ; Humans ; Male ; Penile Erection ; Penis

BACKGROUND: Acute renal failure(ARF) is characterized by rapid decline in glomerular filtration rate and retension of nitrogenous waste products. This syndrome occurs in approximately 5 percent all hospital admissions and up to 30 percent of admissions to intensive care units. ARF is diagnosed when screening of hospital patients reveals a recent increase in serum BUN(blood urea nitrogen) and creatinine. The mortality rate for ARF is approximate 40-60% and has changed little in past three decades. This lack of improvement in outcome, despite significant advances in medicine. The reasons of high mortality rate is not certain. This study intend to identify prognostic risk factors influencing survivals. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 60 patients with ARF during 2 years period from Oct. 1996 to Oct. 1998 at chosun university hospital. Multiple factors which may influence mortality were evaluated. RESULTS: 1)Of the 60 patients, 34 were male and 26 were female. The mean age was 55.8+/-15.9 years. 2)The cause of ARF is Drug, toxin, dehydration, infection, trauma, surgery, urinary tract obstruction, HFRS, rhabdomyolysis and bleeding. 3)Underline disease is observed in 52 case. DM, Hypertension, Malignancy, Pulmonary disease, Liver disease, Renal disease 4)The mortality rate is 31.7%. The major cause of deaths is DIC, infection and hepatic failure. 5)Based on the unpaired t-test, chi-squre analysis, albumin, total bilirubin, hemoglobin, thrombocytopenia, APACHE II score, serum sodium, urine creatinine, number of multiple organ failure, cause of acute renal failure, pH, vital sign on admission, sepsis, DIC, oilguria, and hemodialysis were significant factors between survivors and nonsurvivors(p< 0.05). 6)APACHE II score on admission is good prognostic factor for patients with acute renal failure (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: This results suggest that the evaluation of patients symptom, sign, laboratory data, APACHE II score is important for patients with acute renal failure. the discriminant score by multiple analysis and APACHE II score could relatively predict the mortality of ARF patients. however further evaluation and clinical apply of prognostic factors is required to confirm these results.
Acute Kidney Injury* ; APACHE ; Bilirubin ; Cause of Death ; Creatinine ; Dacarbazine ; Dehydration ; Female ; Glomerular Filtration Rate ; Hemorrhage ; Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Hypertension ; Intensive Care Units ; Liver Diseases ; Liver Failure ; Lung Diseases ; Male ; Mass Screening ; Mortality ; Multiple Organ Failure ; Nitrogen ; Renal Dialysis ; Retrospective Studies ; Rhabdomyolysis ; Risk Factors* ; Sepsis ; Sodium ; Survivors ; Thrombocytopenia ; Urea ; Urinary Tract ; Vital Signs ; Waste Products

Inverted papilloma of the urinary tract is a unique and uncommon tumor, characterized by an endophytic growth pattern. Recently, we experienced a case of inverted vesical papilloma in a 54-year-old women.
Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Papilloma ; Papilloma, Inverted* ; Urinary Bladder* ; Urinary Tract