Interferon-gamma(IFN-?)was induced by PWM or esculentoside in human splenic lymphocytes. PWM-induced IFN-r was partially purified to a spe. act. of 106 RU/mg protein by batch adsorption on controlled-pore glass (CPG) beads and desorption by ethylene glycol in PBS.Use of native-made micro-pore glass(MPG)instead of CPG to purify IFN-r showed similar purification efficacy.Both CPG and MPG recovered could be regenerated for repeated use.The yield from glass beads was further purified to a spe.act.of 107 RU/mg protein, with about 78%recovery, by the anti-new-born calf serum antibodies-Sepharose 4B(ACS)column chromatography.Almost all the antiviral activity induced by PWM or esculentoside was destroyed by pH 2 or heat at 56℃ and neutralized by monoclonal antibody against HuIFN-r, thereby identified as HuIFN-r. Bio-Gel P-200 chromatography resulted in two peaks of activity for PWM-induced IFN, a major one with molecular weight of 40,000-45,700 and a minor one of 25,700 dalton, but only one peak with molecular weight of 45,700-49,000 for esculentoside-induced IFN.

Human stem cell is a unique cell population with the ability of self renewal and differentiation. There are many types of stem cells in human embryonic body and adult tissues, and they have crucial functions in human development. The stem cell differentiation is of great importance for the success of stem cell based therapies,whose effectiveness is determined by the intrinsic property of the cells and the cell microenvironment. The studies on the differentiation of human stem cell include the structural property of the cell and the molecular mechanism in vivo and in vitro . The aim of scientists is to gain the renewable and directional differential stem cells in vitro and use them for a variety of human diseases.

Objective To investigate the effect of general anesthesia with sevoflurane or intravenous propofol on anesthesia recovery period in obstructive jaundice patients. Methods Thirty ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ and Child A obstructive jaundice patients were randomly divided into two equal groups (n=15 each). The patients in group S received inhalation anesthesia with sevoflurane and those in group P intravenous anesthesia with propofol during operation for obstructive jaundice. The patients were premedicated with intramuscular phenobarbital 100mg and atropine 0.5mg, anesthesia was induced with midazolam 0.05mg/kg, atracurium 0.5mg/kg, propofol 1.5-2.5mg/kg and fentanyl 4μg/kg. Maintained with TCI of propofol (target plasmaconcentration was set at 3.5mg/L) or sevoflurane inhalation (end-tidal sevoflurane concentration was 2%-3%) and intermittent i. v. boluses of fentanyl. EGG, HR, MAP, SpO<,2> and end-tidal sevoflurane concentration were continuously monitored during operation. Duration of anesthesia, the volume of infusion and fentanyl were recorded, awaking time, extubation and regained consciousness after operation were recorded. Results There were no significant differences between the two groups in average age, sex, body-weight, duration of anesthesia, the parameters of MAP and HR (P>0.05). The awaking time was (7.9±1.5) minutes in group S and (26.1±8.8) minutes in group P. The extubation time was (8.5±2.5) minutes in group S and (27.8±11.2) minutes in group P. The regained consciousness time was (13.1±4.4) minutes in group S and (33.7±12.5) minutes in group P. The incidence of lethargy, fidget were higher in group P than those in group S. Conclusion Both sevoflurane and propofol can provide satisfactory anesthesia for the operation of obstructive jaundice, but the recovery of influence caused by sevoflurane is faster and more steady than that caused by propofol.

Objective:To observe the activation of cerebral regions during swallowing by magnetoencephalography (MEG), and discuss the temporal and spatial characteristics of neural circuit.Methods:Ten healthy subjects were selected, and the magnetic signals of their brains were recorded using 148 channel full head type MEG system in the magnetic shielding room.Data were analyzed using CURRY8 analysis software and the localization algorithm was based on minimum modulus low resolution electromagnetic imaging method (LORETA). Every 300 ms data were set as an independent analysis stage and made the highest position of the cerebral cortex F-distribution values (F-distributed) as the activation area.The activation areas were analyzed during swallowing through time and space location.Results:Paracentral lobule, anterior central gyrus, medulla oblata, posterior central gyrus, inferior frontal gyrus, parietal lobules, angular gyrus, corpus callosum, middle frontal gyrus, cingulate gyrus, orbital gyrus, thalamus, bottom of third ventricle, corona radiata, precuneus, frontal insula, cerebellopontine angle, superior frontal gyrus and basal ganglia area were activated during swallowing, in which the top eight brain regions were paracentral lobule, anterior central gyrus, corpus callosum, posterior central gyrus, superior parietal lobule, middle frontal gyrus, cingulate gyrus, and basal ganglia.When the 10 subjects performed the deglutition, MEG signals of 8 subjects were mainly activated by the left cerebral hemisphere at 0-300 ms, the bilateral cerebral hemisphere or intermediate region at 301-600 ms, and the right cerebral hemisphere at 601-900 ms.MEG signal of 1 subject was activated by the right cerebral hemisphere at 0-300 ms, and the left cerebral hemisphere at 301-600 ms and 601-900 ms.MEG signal of 1 subject was mainly activated by the right cerebral hemisphere at 0-300 ms and 601-900 ms, and in the intermediate region at 301-600 ms.Conclusion:During swallowing the MEG signals appeared left laterality in the early stage and right laterality in the later stage, and showed a close correlation with time.There may be a swallowing neural circuit composed by the central region, corpus callosum, superior parietal lobule, middle frontal gyrus, cingulate gyrus and basal ganglia, in which the central region is the core.