Objective To study the safety and efficacy of transurethral resection of bladder tumor(TURBt)under block anesthesia of bilateral obturator nerves.Methods Seventy-seven patients were chronologically divided into two groups.Forty-six of patients with lateral,bilateral or multiple tumors in the bladder,which underwent transurethral resection of bladder tumor under epidural anesthesia from April 2003 to October 2004,were chosen as the Control Group.Thirty-one patients whom were administrated with epidural anesthesia plus bilateral block of the obturator nerve from October 2004 to July 2005 served as the Study Group.Incidences of bladder perforation and obturator nerve reflex were compared between the two groups.Results In the Control Group,obturator nerve reflex occurred in 25 patients(including intense reflex in 11 patients),giving an incidence of 54.3%(25/46),and bladder perforation resulted from the reflex was observed in 8 patients,with an incidence of 17.3%(8/46).In the Study Group,slight obturator nerve reflex happened in 3 patients(9.9%,3/31)and bladder perforation was found in 1 patient(3.2%,1/31).A significant higher rate of obturator nerve reflex was noted in the Control Group than in the Study Group(?2=15.970,P=0.000),but no statistical difference was seen in bladder perforation rate between the two groups(?2=2.359,P=0.125).Conclusions Bilateral block of the obturator nerve can improve the safety remarkably during transurethral resection of bladder tumor,especially when the tumor was located in the lateral bladder wall.

Objective To explore the impacts of over-expression of microRNA-7 (miRNA-7) on the sensitivity of cis-platin in esophageal carcinoma cell line TE-1, and the possible mechanism thereof. Methods Lipofectmin 2000 method was used to transient transfect with miRNA-7 mimic into esophageal cancer cell line TE-1, which was taken as transfection group, mimic negative control was taken as transfection conrtol group. The expressions of miRNA-7 and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mRNA were detected by RT-PCR in the above two groups and normal control group. The total EGFR and EGFR in cytoplasmic and nucleus were detected with Western blot assay in transfection group and transfection control group. CCK-8 was used to detect IC50 of cisplatin in transfection group and transfection control group. The expression of EGFR was observed with immunofluorescence confocal microscope in two groups. Results The miRNA-7 expression was signifi-cantly increased in transfection group than that of transfection conrtol group and control group. The expression of EGFR mRNA was significantly reduced in transfection group (P<0.001). The total EGFR was significantly decreased in transfec-tion group than that of transfection conrtol group. The level of nuclear EGFR was significantly increased ( P<0.01),and cyto-plasm EGFR expression was significantly decreased in transfection group than that of transfection control group ( P<0.05). CCK-8 results showed that after the over expression of miRNA-7 in TE-1, the IC50 of cisplatin (48 h) increased in transfec-tion group than that of control group (P<0.01). Immunofluorescence results showed that EGFG in nuclear was higher in transfection group than that of transfection control group but its expressions reduced in cell membrane and cytoplasm. Con-clusion The over-expressed miRNA-7 in esophageal cancer cells TE-1 can reduce cisplatin sensitivity by the increased EGFR in nuclear translocation.

[Abstract] Objective: To investigate the effects of interleukin-18 over-expression on the in vitro and in vivo proliferation of human colorectal cancer (CRC) HCT-116 cells. Methods: A recombinant lentivirus vector containing human IL-18 gene fragment was constructed. Then theCRC HCT-116 cell line stably expressing human IL-18 (HCT-116/IL-18) was obtained by recombinant lentivirus transfection. In vitro proliferation of HCT-116/IL-18 cells and wild-type HCT-116 cells was determined by CCK-8 method. The expressions of IL-18, Cyclin D1, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and DNA damage repair enzyme (PARP) were detected by Western blotting. HCT-116 and HCT-116/IL-18 cells were inoculated into left and right axillas of Balb/c nude mice, respectively. Then the tumorigenicity and the growth of transplanted tumor were observed. The expressions of IL-18 and PCNAin xenograft tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry analysis. Results: IL-18 gene over-expression in HCT-116 cells could delay the proliferation of HCT-116 cells (P<0.05 or P<0.01). PARP expression was increased significantly and PCNA, Cyclin D1 expression were decreased in HCT-116/ IL-18 cells as compared to that of HCT-116 cells (P<0.01).The tumorigenicity of HCT-116/IL-18 cell was significantly decreased in nude mice with a tumor-formation rate of 43%; Compared with control group, HCT-116/IL-18cell line had a longer tumorigensis time, slower growth and smaller tumor volume; moreover, PCNAprotein expression was down-regulated in HCT-116/IL-18 xenograft tissuesas shown by immunohistochemistry analysis (P<0.01). Conclusion: IL-18 over-expression inhibited the growth and proliferation of HCT-116 cells both in vitro and in vivo, and the mechanism might berelated with IL-18 regulating cell cycle and promoting DNA damage.

Objective:To explore the optimal time point for combining chemotherapy and immunotherapy and provide an experimen-tal basis for immunotherapy intervention in clinical. Methods:Twenty-three lung cancer patients who completed five chemotherapy cycles between November 2015 and December 2016 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University were enrolled in this study. Numbers of T lymphocyte subsets, B lymphocytes, and NK lymphocytes in peripheral blood were counted. Expression levels of T lymphocyte co-suppression molecule and cytokines in the peripheral blood mononuclear cell were detected using flow cytometry to analyze the dynamic changes of such indicators from one cycle to five cycles of chemotherapy. Results:Significant decreases in the lev-els of CD8+T lymphocytes, CD19+B lymphocytes, and CD16+CD56+NK cells and an increase in CD4+T lymphocytes were observed in the course of multi-cycle chemotherapy for patients with lung cancer. Differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The co-suppres-sion molecular expression of PD-1, CTLA-4, and CCR-4 with T lymphocytes was downregulated, and the differences were significant (P<0.05). Conclusion:Profiling the dynamic changes of lymphocyte subsets and the expression of T lymphocyte co-suppression molecule are significant in multiple chemotherapy cycles for patients with lung cancer. In the later stage, the combined application of PD-1, PD-L1, CTLA-4, or CCR-4 antibody may exert good therapeutic effects for patients with a high expression level of related immune check-points.