Alleles and genotype frequencies and its distribution pattern for three STR loci; CSF1PO, TPOX, and TH01 were analyzed for the evaluation of the useful-ness of STR loci in the individual identification. STR CSF1PO locus showed 7 allele types and 18 genotypes. However, 3 of 7 allele types are related to 84.3% of population and 4 of 18 genotypes are related to 67.6% of population. Heterozygosity is 70.6%. STR TPOX locus showed 5 allele types and 12 genotypes. However, 2 of 5 llele types are related to 81.92% of population and 3 of 12 genotypes are related to 78.4% of population. Heterozygosity is 65.7%. STR TP01 locus showed 5 allele types and 13 genotypes. However, 2 of 5 llele types are related to 78.9% of population and 3 of 13 genotypes are re-lated to 71.6% of population. Heterozygosity is 68.6%. From the above results, CSF1PO, TPOX, and TH01 loci have small numbers of allele types and genotypes. Many population is included into the specific allele types and genotypes. So, statistical analysis of allele and genotype frequency may have risks of misinterpretation of negative results to positive results. To remove the statistical errors, more than three STR loci have to be used in individual identification and the distribution pattern of the frequency of allele types and genotypes have to be analyzed in the STR loci.
Alleles ; Genotype

The relative distribution of hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes was determined for 123 blood donors. Genotyping was performed using a commercial reverse phase hybridization assay after amplification of the 5’ untranslated region of HCV by the polymerase chain reaction. The isolates comprised, genotype 1a (15.4%), genotype 1b (48.8%), genotype 1 (5.6%), genotype 2 (0.8%), genotype 2a/2c (8%), genotype 4 (0.8%), genotype 6a (14.6%), unusual genotype pattern (2.4%). And serotype hepatitis C virus from genotype 1b was determined
Hepacivirus ; Genotype

The Korean Rice Ds-tagging lines Database (KRDD) is designed to provide information about Ac/Ds insertion lines and activation tagging lines using japonica rice. This database has provided information on 18,158 Ds lines, which includes the ID, description, photo image, sequence information, and gene characteristics. The KRDD is visualized using a web-based graphical view, and anonymous users can query and browse the data using the search function. It has four major menus of web pages: (i) a Blast Search menu of a mutant line; Blast from rice Ds-tagging mutant lines; (ii) a primer design tool to identify genotypes of Ds insertion lines; (iii) a Phenotype menu for Ds lines, searching by identification name and phenotype characteristics; and (iv) a Management menu for Ds lines.
Anonyms and Pseudonyms ; Genotype ; Phenotype

We separated an Aw10 allele by allele-specific sequencing in two Aw10/B101 samples that had the AweakB phenotype. Two samples with the A102/B101 genotype were also tested as a control. The reverse primers using position 930 at exon7 were designed for allele-specific sequencing. The differential positions were a total of 52 points for distinguishing the A-allele from the B-allele. Although overlaps with another haplotype allele that showed a minor chromatographic peak were observed in almost all the points, the specific allele-separation rate was 100% (52/52) by assessing the dominance in the chromatographic peak height. Based on the separation rate in the two cases with Aw10/B101 and the two AB controls, allele-specific sequencing is a convenient and reliable method for the separating the A-allele and B-allele in a clinical laboratory.
Alleles ; Genotype ; Haplotypes ; Phenotype

No abstract available.
Communicable Diseases* ; Diagnosis* ; Genotype*

Background: Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) is one of thecauses resulting in chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis and primary hepatocarcinoma. In Viet Nam, HCV-infected people are on the increase. The co-existence of HCV and G (HGV) in Viet Nam and their accurate genotyping needs to be clarified. Objective: To detect and molecularly genotype HCV and HGV from 4 serum isolates. Materials: This study consisted of 4 anti-HCV positive [HCV(+)] serum isolates. Method: To extract genomic RNA, perform RT-PCR, 5\u2019UTR fragment of 295 nucleotides for HCV, genomic RNAs from HCV(+) (confirmed by RT-PCR) as samples for RT-PCR for HGV to obtain 260 bp 5\u2019UTR. All of them were cloned and sequenced for analysis. Results: HCV products and HCV + HGV products obtained from samples, respectively; suggested that the co-existence of HCV and HGV could occur in a patient. Base on Gen Back and analysis, we showed that three nucleotide strains of HCV (HCV-H1VN, HCV-H2VN, HCV-H3VN) belongs to genotype 1a of the group 1a/1b, commonly found in East and Southeast Asia. HGV of Viet Nam [HGV-(Han9)VN strain] was identified to belong to type 2; one of five HGV types existing in the world. Conclusions: Three HCV isolates were genotype 1a; one HGV isolate belonged to genotype 2. Detection and genotyping of co-existence of HCV and HGV contributed the development of a multiplex-PCR/RT-PCR for screening blood-transmitted viral hepatitis.
Viral hepatitis ; genotype

This is the first report for molecular epidemiology of DEN-4 viruses in Vietnam. At present, DEN-4 serotype can be classified into two genetically distinct types: genotypes I and II. In this study, phylogenetic analysis of DEN-4 viruses from Vietnam as well as previously published strains indicate that DEN-4 viruses could be genetically classified into more than 2 genotypes. Most recent Vietnamese DEN-4 strains (1998-2002) were clustered within a distinct genetic type, named genotype III, a newly recognized genetic type for DEN-4 viruses. In addition, two Vietnamese strains isolated in 1990 and 1997 also grouped separately forming another independent cluster in the tree, which we designated genotype IV. In this report present for the first time the existence of two new genotypes of DEN-4 in Vietnam. Evidence for local independent evolution and temporal correlation was observed.
Dengue ; Epidemiology, Genotype

Genotype ; Humans ; Yersinia pestis

Genotype ; Humans ; beta-Thalassemia

An association study with Korean schizophrenic patients(N=84) and normal controls(N=87) was performed to find the relationship between catechol-o-methyltransferase(COMT) gene polymorphism and schizophrenia using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. When we compared the allele and genotype frequencies of Bg/I COMT gene polymorphism in schizophrenics and normal controls, there was no significant difference between two groups. Our results do not support an association between the Bg/I polymorphism of COMT gene and schizophrenia.
Alleles ; Genotype ; Schizophrenia