Objective To discuss the types,pathogenesis and treatment of early cardiac arrhyth-mias in infants after open heart surgery with congenital heart diseases. Methods 992 infants after open heart surgeries were divided into control group and arrhythmia group. Another junctionalectopictachycardia ( JET)group was separated from arrhythmia group. Various preoperative and postoperative data were com-pared. Results 197 infants suffered from cardiac arrhythmia within 3 days right after open heart surger-ies. After exactly the same surgery procedures,JET group was significantly different with control group in aortic cross-clamp time,cardiopulmonary bypass time and stay in CICU(p<0. 05). As for time of ventila-tion,no significant difference was found between the two groups. Conclusion Early diagnosis and treat-ment of cardiac arrhythmia can not only improve the success rate of open heart surgery,but also promote early recovery.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the acute phase blood glucose and the severity and prognosis of stroke in patients with stroke. Methods One hundred seventy-three consecutive patients with acute stroke were randomly allocated into either a hyperglycemia group (n =72) or a normal group (n = 101) according to whether their random blood glucose levels were > 7.8 mmol/L or not. The average time from stroke onset to admis-sion was 6.5 ± 5.1 hours. The patients were evaluated by the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and Glasgow Coma Stroke (GCS) scores within 20 minutes after clinical reception, The plasma blood glucose detection and bead CT scan were completed in 40 minutes.The patients with cerebral infarction were classified according to the Oxfordshire Community Stroke Project (OCSP) criteria, and the survivors were evaluated by the modified Rankin scale (mRS) after 3 months. Results There were no significant differences between the two groups in age, gender, vascular risk factors, stroke property and treatment principle. There were significant differences between the NIHSS and GCS at the first admission and the mRS scores at 3 months (P<0.01). The proportion of the patients with the history of diabetic mellitus in the random hyperglycemia group was significantly higher than that in the normal group (P<0.01).The random blood glucose levels were not correlated with the severity of stroke between the 2 groups of patients with the history of diabetes mellitus; the increased random blood glucose levels were significantly correlated with the severity and prognosis of stroke between the 2 groups of patients without the history of diabetes mellitus (P<0.01). Conclusions The increased blood glucose in patients with stroke without the history of diabetes mellitus in acute phase is an independent risk factor for the severity and prognosis. The increased random blood glucose in patients with stroke in acute phase may also suggest having the history of diabetes mellitus.

Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea ; surgery ; Endoscopy ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male

Objective:To discuss the role of clinical pharmacists in perioperative drug treatment for a patient after renal transplan-tation. Methods:Clinical pharmacists participated in the drug therapy for a patient after renal transplantation. Pharmaceutical care and health education were performed for the patient in the aspects of immunosuppression, anti-hepatitis B virus, gastric mucosa protection, diarrhea, acute rejection and the other treatment programs. Results:The participation of clinical pharmacists in the clinical treatment for the patient improved therapeutic scheme and promoted therapeutic efficacy. Conclusion:The participation of clinical pharmacists in clinical drug therapy for patients can provide individualized service to improve reasonable, effective and economical drug use.

Objective To analyse the clinical data of 77 patients with unsuspected gallbladder carcinoma,and to determine the impact of TNM stage and the timing of the second operation on postoperative survival.Methods A retrospectively analysis of 77 patients operated between January 2008 and January 2013 in our hospital for unsuspected gallbladder carcinoma was carried out.The case inclusion criteria was in strict accordance with the medical records which described without preoperative diagnosis,or cholecystectomy for benign gallbladder diseases,or intraoperative or postoperative pathological diagnosis of gallbladder cancer.References to previous published medical literature and the intervals from initial cholecystectomy to further treatment were analyzed to see whether the prognosis and survival varied depending on the TNM staging and whether secondary radical surgery was carried out.Results For the 77 patients in this study,they all had high risk factors associated with gallbladder cancer which included:women,aged ＞ 50 and gallbladder stones.The initial surgery included laparoscopic cholecystectomy (n =53),and open cholecystectomy (n =24).In 26 patients,intraoperative frozen section confirmed the diagnosis and they were treated according to the TNM staging (radical operation n =7,palliative surgery n =17).The postoperative 1-,2-,3-year cumulative survival rates were 65％,45％ and 20％,respectively.For the 54 patients who underwent radical or extended radical cholecystectomy within a short interval from the first operation,the 1-,2-,3-year cumulative survival rates were 82.5％,62.5％ and 45.7％,respectively.Conclusions For resectable gallbladder cancer,the prognosis of unsuspected gallbladder carcinoma was related not only to the clinical staging,but also to the timing of the radical operation.The shorter time interval,the longer the survival,and the better the prognosis.There was no significant difference in prognosis for the group of patients with time intervals between the two operations of less than two weeks when compared with the group with immediate radical surgery.For advanced stages of gallbladder cancer,palliative surgery should be given according to the patient's general condition,aiming to improve quality of life.

ABSTRACT:Nested‐PCR and loop‐mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) were applied to identify the Borrelia burg‐dor f eri (B .burgdor f eri) in ticks in this study .A total of 112 adult ixodes were collected from vegetation in a forest area and farm animals in Xunhua County ,Qinghai Province and Xinbin County ,Liaoning Province .The ticks were examined for the presence of B .burgdorferi by nested‐PCR and LAMP .Results showed that 12 in 51 samples were found positive in Xunhua County (23 .53% ) .While positive rate in Xinbin County was 29 .51% with 18 samples positive in 61 samples .In total of 112 tick samples ,the PCR‐positive rate was 17 .86% with 20 positive samples identified ,whereas 15 positive samples were con‐firmed with positive rate of 13 .39 % by LAMP assay .There was no significant difference between the two assays (Х2 =0 .85 , P>0 .05) .Results suggest that both nested‐PCR and LAMP could be used in identifying B .burgdorferi in ticks .Combina‐tion of these two assays could improve the testing results .This is the first report of B .burgdorferi in ticks in Xunhua and Xinbin counties ,and helps to complete the database of the infection rate of B .burgdor f eri in ticks in the widely‐forested area of China .

Interferon-tau (IFN-tau) is a newly discovered IFN of type I. It was originally found for its role as a pregnancy recognition hormone in ruminant animals such as sheep and cows. Like the other type I IFNs, IFN-tau have the same biological activities including antiviral, antiproliferative and immunomodulatory effects. In order to clearly identify the function of IFN-tau, the coding sequence of IFN-tau was amplified by PCR from IFN-tau cDNA, this fragment digested by EcoR I and BamH I and was inserted into pBV220 to form the recombinant plasmid pBV220/IFN-tau which was then transformed into E.coli BL21. It was found that pBV220/IFN-tau was highly expressed as inclusion body in BL21. Next, the expressed protein was purified on S-100 High Resolution and the purified product was confirmed by amino acid sequence analysis. Moreover, the standard antiviral activity test indicated that the activity of IFN-tau was about 2.09?106IU/ml.

This study aimed at unfolding the therapeutic effects of freeze-dried powder separated from Shuang Xia decoction (SXD) on female senile drosophila melanogaster with fragmented sleep.Taking drosophilas as the model organisms,the locomotor activity was monitored using the autonomic monitoring software to explore the regulation of fragmented sleep in senile drosophilas by the treatment of SXD.As a result,it was found that the optimum concentration of SXD was 2.50％,while the desirable therapeutic duration was 4 days.In comparison with the control group,35-day-old virgin drosophilas'sleep was prolonged in the SXD group and the positive control group.The positive drug mainly affected their sleep in the daytime,while SXD impacted their sleep at night featuring the prolonged fragmented sleep.In conclusion,it was demonstrated that the freeze-dried powder of SXD effectively alleviated intermittent insomnia in the female senile drosophilas.Compared with positive drug,SXD also mitigated intermittent insomnia at night without significant changes in the sleep of the drosophilas in the daytime.Above all,SXD was beneficial in the regulation of sleep-wake rhythm in the drosophilas.

Objective To explore the characterization of the long-term survival patients through monitoring the lymphoeytes subgroup and cytokines level.Method The lymphocytes subgroups (T,B,and NK) and cytokines (IL-9,-17,-22) of patients and healthy groups were tested by using flow cytometry and ELISA.Results The levels of CD3+,CD4+,CD8+,CD8+ CD28+/CD8+ and IL-9 were gradually increased in the short-term group and long-term group as compared those in healthy group.The percentage of CD3 + cells and level of IL-9 were significantly lower in short-term group and long-term group than in healthy group (P＜0.05).The percentage of CD8+ cell was significantly lower in short-term group than in healthy group (P＜0.05).The ratio of CD8+ CD28+/CD8+ was significantly lower in short-term group than in longterm group and healthy group (P＜0.05).The percentage of B cells and NK cells,and IL-22 were gradually increased in the healthy group,shortterm group and long-term group.The percentage of B cells and NK cells was significamly higher in long-term group than in healthy group (P＜0.05).The level of IL-22 was significantly higher in longterm group than in short-term group and healthy group (P＜0.05).However,NKT lymnphocytes and IL-17 showed no statistically significant difference between long-term group and short-term group.Conclusion The ratio of T lymphocyte subgroups and the level of IL-9 were good biomarkers for evaluating the immune characterization of OLT patients; NK and B lymphocytes,and IL-22 may be associated with the long-term survival in patients after OLT.

Objective To review the treatment of repair gastroschisis with autogenous umbilical cord and evaluate its effect. Methods Thirty newborns who underwent the repair gastroschisis with autogenous umbilical cord between August 1992 to October 2007, 26 cases survived under observed and followed-up, observing physical growth, intelligence measuring and whether the area of operated in abdomen need staged repair or not. Compared with 15 cases who underwent traditional operation method at the same time. Results Two cases died, 2 cases abandoned, and 26 ease received survive (survive rate 86.7%)and their growth was well in 26 cases. But in those 15 cases who underwent traditional operation method, 5 cases survived (survive rate 33.3%). There were significant difference in the survive rate, the mean operative time and postoperative hospital stay time between the two operation methods (P <0.05).Conclusion The material is adopted easily in the operation, autogenous umbilical cord is elastic tissue and no toxicity, it can relax the abdominal press effectively after the operation, the survive rate is high.