PET-CT, SPECT, and SPECT-CT examinations could lead to inevitable medical exposure for patients, and the radiation dose of this examinations and whether it was harmful to patients have attracted attention from the public and professionals. At the same time, there was still a controversy about whether the biological effect of low dose radiation was useful to human body. The research investigates and reviews the radiation dose of PET-CT, SPECT, and SPECT-CT scans and their biological effects. Under achieved to the demands of clinical conditions, operators should try to reduce the radiation dose of PET-CT, SPECT, SPECT-CT scans for patients. Although PET-CT, SPECT, SPECT-CT scans deliver inevitable radiation, the dose of single examination will not lead to deterministic effect, and even the view of the random effect of linear no-threshold from these scans also have been questioned.

Objective To compare the clinical effect of two ways of the closed reduction internal fixation and open reduction internal fixation in the treatment of joint injury.Methods According to the digital table,84 patients with joint injury were randomly divided into control group and treatment group,42 cases in each group.The control group was given closed reduction and internal fixation,and the treatment group was given open reduction and internal fixation.Results The total time of operation,postoperative hospitalization time,postoperative joint function recovery time of the treatment group were (78.51 ±10.20)min,(13.35 ±2.46)d,(88.43 ±5.27)d,those of the control group were (118.73 ±25.71)min,(19.72 ±3.57)d,(107.42 ±10.33)d,the differences were statistically signifi-cant(t =9.424,9.522,10.613;P =0.000,0.000,0.000).The excellent and good rate of the treatment group was 90.48%,which was higher than 71.43% of the control group,the difference was statistically significant(χ2 =4.941, P =0.026).The treatment group had 1 case of adverse reaction,the control group had 8 cases of adverse reaction, there was statistically significant difference between the two groups(χ2 =6.098,P =0.014).After treatment,the VAS pain score in the treatment group was (2.11 ±0.68)points,which was lower than (4.98 ±1.35)points in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(t =12.305,P =0.000).Conclusion The application effect of closed reduction and internal fixation for patients with joint injury disease is very obvious.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the efficacy of Radix Astragali Injection in combination of Kallidinogenase for diabetic nephropathy.METHODS:A total of 78 patients with diabetic nephropathy were enrolled and randomly assigned to receive Kallidinogenase plus Radix Astragali Injection orally(trial group)or Kallidinogenase alone(control group)orally for 4wk.The main outcome measures were UPE,Alb,?2-MG,THP,Scr,BUN etc.RESULTS:After treatment,all the indexes were decreased significantly(P

Objective To assess the changes in coagulation induced by acute normovolemic hemodilution Methods Twenty ASA Ⅰ Ⅱ patients scheduled for elective surgery were divided into two groups: HES group and GEL group in which hydroxyethyl starch(HES) or succinylated gelatin (GEL) was used as the hemodilution fluid Patients with coagulation abnormalities or kidney dysfunction were excluded from the study Anesthesia was induced with propofol,fentanyl and vecuronium and maintained with inhalation of isoflurane and nitrous oxide and intermittent intravenous boluses of fentanyl and vecuronium The patients were mechanically ventilated and PaO 2 and PaCO 2 were maintained within normal range After induction blood was withdrawn from internal jugular vein and collected in standard blood bags containing anticoagulant and at the same time replaced with HES (equal volume) or GEL (1 5 times the volume of blood withdrawn) The amount of blood withdrawn was estimated from the following equation:blood volume withdrawn=body weight(kg)?60?(Hct 0 Hct 1)/Hct M,where Hct 0=patient′s initial Hct, Hct 1=desired end point Hct and Hct M=the average of Hct 0 and Hct 1 Blood routine,prothrombin time(PT),activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT) and fibrinogen level were checked and thromboelastography(TEG) was performed 15 min before and after hemodilution Results The amount of blood withdrawn ranged between 1000 1100ml Hb was still above 80g/L after hemodilution The decreases in Hb and Hct were significant in both groups (P

Objective To observe the time profile of the changes of mRNA of ? and ? subunit of acetylcholine receptor (AChR) in skeletal muscle and the level of calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) in spinal motoneuron after upper motoneuron injury. Method The spinal cord of adult male Wistar rats was transected on the lower thoracic segment. The spinal cords below the transection level and soleus muscles were sampled 0,1,2,4,7 and 14 days after surgery, respectively, to detect the levels of mRNA of ? and ? subunit of acetylcholine receptor in soleus muscle using Northern blot method,and CGRP level in spinal motoneuron using radioimmunoassay.Results The levels of mRNA of ? and ? subunit of acetylcholine receptor siginificantly increased after surgery, but the level of mRNA of ? subunit increased earlier and higher than ? subunit. The level of CGRP in spinal motoneuron markedly reduced after surgery, was maintained at 50 80% of normal level since the 2nd day after surgery. Conclusions The levels of AChR ? and ? subunit in skeletal muscle significantly increase after upper motoneuron injury, the expression of which CGRP may regulate.

Whole-body PET-CT scanning has been used in the diagnosis and treatment of tumor to providing functional and morphological imaging. As the most widely used semi-quantitative analysis index, the cutoff value of SUV would affect the final diagnosis, therapeutic regimen and prognosis estimation. Therefore, the article reviews the influential factors of SUV, its correction methods, its cutoff values of differential various tumors and the progress of SUV. Although there is no acknowledged cutoff value of SUV in tumor diagnosis, SUV is still an important semi-quantitative index, and its rational and prudent use would increase both of the sensitivity and specificity in tumor diagnosis.

Bacterial Infections ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Biomarkers ; analysis ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Neonatology ; Research Report

AIM : To prepare a phase-specific drug delivery system withfloating and pulsatile release of sinome-nine hydrochloride and evaluate in vitro drug release behavior. METHODS: The floating and pulsatile-release of coat-core tablets were prepared by press-coated technics. The effects of factors influencing release characteristic of the drug were investigated by dissolution test, and to elucidate the mechanism of drug releaseof the tablets with erosion and water-uptake test. RESULTS: The tablets had typical floating and pulsatile release properties with a lag time rapid release. The lag-time was shortened with the increase of expansion ratio of tablet core and rotation speed of stirrer. The lag-time was prolonged with the increase of pH and ionic strength of dissolution media.CONCLUSION: The tablet could float and rapidly release drug at the predetermined time.

OBJECTIVE:To compare the efficacy and safety of metoprolol and bisoprolol in the treatment of diastolic heart fail-ure. METHODS:150 patients with diastolic heart failure were randomly divided into group A(75 cases) and group B(75 cases). All patients received aspirin,angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors,angiotensin receptor antagonists,calcium antagonists,di-uretic and cardiac drugs and other conventional treatment;based on it,group A received Metoprolol tartrate tablet with initial dose of 6.25 mg,orally,twice a day,then increased to 100-200 mg based on improvement and tolerability;group B received 1.25 mg Metoprolol tartrate tablet,orally,once a day,then increased to 10 mg based on improvement and tolerability. The treatment course for 2 groups was 12 weeks. Clinical efficacy,and left ventricular end systolic diameter(LVESD),left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF)and left ventricular end-diastolic diameter(LVEDD),myocardial performance index(LVTei index),brain natriuretic pep-tide(BNP),interleukin(IL)-1,IL-6,tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α before and after treatment,and incidence of adverse reactions in 2 groups were observed. RESULTS:The efficacy in group B was significantly higher than group A,incidence of adverse reac-tions were significantly lower than group A,the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Before treatment,there were no significant differences in the LVESD,LVEF,LVEDD,LVTei index,BNP,IL-1,IL-6 and TNF-α in 2 groups(P>0.05). Af-ter treatment,LVESD,LVEDD,LVTei index,BNP,IL-1,IL-6 and TNF-α in 2 groups were significantly lower than before,and group B was lower than group A,LVEF was significantly higher than before,and group B was higher than group A,the differenc-es were statistically significant(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Based on the conventional treatment,bisoprolol is significantly superi-or to metoprolol in terms of efficacy,relieving clinical symptoms and improving cardiac functions in the treatment of diastolic heart failure,with better safety.

Objective To investigate the regulation of miR-1 and miR-133 a on L-type calcium channel β2 subunit ( Cavβ2 ) and α1C subunit during rat cardiomyocyte hypertrophy .Methods Cardiomyocyte hypertrophy was in-duced by isoproterenol (ISO, 10μmol/L).The targets of miR-1 and miR-133a were predicted by online database microCosm and Targetscan , respectively .The 3′untranslated region sequences of Cavβ2 andα1C were respectively cloned into reporter vector and then transiently transfected into HEK 293 cells.The luciferase activities of samples were measured for demonstrating the expression of luciferase reporter vector .The protein expression of Cavβ2 andα1C were evaluated by Western blot .The expression levels of Cavβ2 andα1C were inhibited by RNAi to determine theeffectsofCavβ2andα1Concardiomyocytehypertrophy.Results 1)Cavβ2wasoneofpotentialtargetsof miR-1,α1C was the one of potential targets of miR-133a.2) The luciferase activities of HEK293 cells with the plasmid containing widetype Cavβ2 3′UTR sequence or α1 C significantly decreased ( P <0.05 , P <0.01 ) . 3 ) Upregulation of the miR-1 and miR-133 a by miR-1 mimic and miR-133 a mimic transfection suppressed pro-tein expression of Cavβ2 and α1C, respectively(P<0.01, P<0.05).4)Downregulation of Cavβ2 andα1C by RNAi could markedly inhibit the increase of cell surface area ( P<0.01 ) , mRNA expression of ANP andβ-MHC (P<0.05).Conclusions Cavβ2 is the target gene of miR-1 and α1C is the target gene of miR-133a.miR-1 and miR-133a can negatively regulate the expression of L-type calcium channel Cavβ2 andα1C subunit, inhibi-ting cardiomyocyte hypertrophy.