Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2/neu) is an important prognostic predictor and the key predictor of anti-HER-2 therapy of breast cancer. Accurate testing of HER-2 status for breast cancer patients is important in clinical practice. As of this writing, the American Society of Clinical Oncology and the College of American Pathologists recommend three methods for HER-2 detection, namely, immunohistochemistry, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and bright-field in situ hybridization. The abovementioned methods have their own advantages and disadvantages. New methods, such as multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and RNA in situ hybridization, are currently applied to detect HER-2 status. New technologies not only make up for the shortcomings of routine methods but also have unique benefits that can meet the demands for HER-2 testing of some breast cancer patients. Thus, these methods are promising for clinical applications and can improve clinical diagnosis and treatment. The characteristics, advantages, and drawbacks of these technologies are introduced and reviewed in this paper.

Objective To evaluate the clinical significance of QT dispersion (QTd),QTcd in dilated cardiomyopathy(DCM).Methods QTd and QTcd on simultaneous recording 12 lead ECG in 60 DCM cases were measured and compared with 60 healthy subjects.Results QTd and QTcd in DCM group were remarkably higher than those in control group (P

Objective To observe the changes in contents of ? 1 Microglobulin (? 1 M) in urine after exposure to acceleration of different speeds(+Gz) in order to provide scientific indications for efficient protection for pilots under high +Gz acceleration and efficient flight health service support. Methods Six healthy men were subjected to the following experiments: ①pressurized anti G suit (KH X); ②pressure breathing for +Gz (PBG); ③pressurized anti G suit and PBG and AGSM (up to +9Gz for 10 s). Urine samples were collected before, immediately after, 30 minutes and 24 hour after the exposures for the determination of ? 1 microgolbulin (? 1 M). Results It was found that ①The G tolerances of subjects under 3 conditions were (6 25?0 52) G/10s, (8 17?0 26) G/10s, 6 5G/30s, and 9 00 G/10s, respectively. ②30 minutes after each series of exposure, the contents of ? 1 M in urine samples were increased ( P

1727 arterial blood gas samples of 341 cases of acyanotic congenitla heart diseases,79 cases of cyanotic congenital heart diseases and 88 cases of acquired heart diseases during cardio-pulmonary bypass surgery were analyzed.It was found that there were various degrees of acid-base disorders right before the bypass was on.During the speration,acid-base imbalance was aggravated because of anesthesia,fluid infusion,hypothermia,surgical manipulation,etc.Respiratory alkalosis was most common to occur,and metabolic acidosis was the secodn.After the cessation of bypass,acid-base disorders could be significantly alleviated or imporved.So it is belived that it is very important to monitor the changes of blood gases and acid-base balance and to manage timely the complications during cardiopulmonary bypass.Fluid infusion,administration of agents to improve the microcirculation.and replacement of alkaline electrolytes are helpful to maintain acid-base balance.

OBJECTIVE: To test cathepsin L as a biomarker of myocardial ischemia by examination of cathepsin L expression in plasma after myocardial ischemia and ischemia-reperfusion in rats. METHODS: The rat models were established and divided in acute myocardial ischemia model (myocardial ischemia 30 min, 1 h, 2 h groups), ischemia-reperfusion model (ischemia-reperfusion group), and isoflurane-pretreated ischemia-reperfusion model (isoflurane-pretreated group), respectively. Normal control group and sham-operated group were established as contrast. The contents of cathepsin L in plasma were examined by ELISA and myocardial infarction areas were measured after TTC staining. RESULTS: No statistical significant changes were found among the experimental groups compared with the normal control group and sham-operated group (P>0.05). The cathepsin L from the ischemia-reperfusion group increased to 2.37 times compared with the normal control group (P<0.05). The cathepsin L and myocardium infarction size of isoflurane-pretreated group decreased compared with the ischemia-reperfusion group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION The cathepsin L in plasma is not a promising biomarker of acute myocardial ischemia. Isoflurane preconditioning can reduce the cathepsin L in plasma caused by ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Animals ; Biomarkers/blood* ; Cathepsin L/analysis* ; Isoflurane ; Myocardial Infarction/metabolism* ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury/metabolism* ; Myocardium ; Rats

Objective To investigate the risk factors related to mortality of children with deep fungal infection in pediatric intensive care unit(PICU).Methods A retrospective case-control study was applied.Ninty-six patients admitted to PICU with clinical or definite diagnosis of deep fungal infection from Nov 2005 to Mar 2009 were included.The risk factors related to mortality wereanalyzed with the logistic regression analysis.The research factors included:sex,age,primary diseases,complications,invasive operations and therapeutic measures etc.Results Of all 96 children,28 died (28.2％).According to the analytical results of multivariate logistic regression,the variables significantly associated with mortality were immunosuppressive (OR =185.770,95 ％ CI 11.467 ～ 3 009.507),mechanical ventilation (OR =11.555,95 ％ CI 2.780 ～ 48.039),hypoproteinemia (OR =1.246,95％ CI 1.133 ～ 1.369) and low pediatric critical illness score (OR =1.086,95 ％ CI 1.008 ～ 1.169).Conclusion The risk factors related to mortality of children with deep fungal infection in PICU were immunosuppressive,mechanical ventilation,hypoproteinemia and low pediatric critical illness score.

Objective To analyze thyroid papillary carcinoma (PTMC) neck lymph node metastasis (LNM) related factors,and further to explore the diagnostic value of ultrasonography in LNM.Methods A retrospective analysis of 384 cases of patients with PTMC confirmed by pathology and ultrasonic data were performed,according to the presence of cervical lymph node metastasis,they were divided into transfer group (116 cases) and nontransfer group (268 cases).Analysis was made to summarize the clinical and sonographic features of the two groups.Chi-square test and the multi-factor Logistic regression analysis were used to study the risk factors.Results ①The single factor analysis of sonographic features showed that the factors of gender (X 2 = 3.893,P = 0.048),age (P = 0.001),tumor diameter (P = 0.008), boundary(X 2 =6.327,P =0.012),acoustic halo (X2 = 15.562,P =0.001),and place (X 2 =9.441 ,P =0.024) were statistical different between the two groups;②Multiariable Logistic regression analysis showed that:patient age,tumor diameter,and acoustic halo were independent risk factors for PTMC neck lymph node metastasis,if Logistic model was used to predict the probability P =0.50 as a threshold,its accuracy was 74.2%,and the area under the ROC curve was 0.744.Conclusions Patients with age ≤ 45 years, tumor diameter ≥ 0.7 cm,located in the lower pole,boundary with uneven acoustic halo,were prone to LNM,and easy to Ⅵ area,suggest preventive cleaning lymph node in central region.

Objective To establish a real-time quantitative reverse-transcription PCR ( qRT-PCR) method for detection of hepatitis E virus ( HEV) of different genotypes based on standard HEV DNA plasmid in order to promote its application in clinical laboratory. Methods Specific primers and probe of HEV were designed based on the conserved open reading frame 3 (ORF3) regions. HEV DNA plasmids were construc-ted and 10-fold serial dilutions of the plasmids were prepared and used as standards to establish one-step qRT-PCR. The established method was compared with HEV antigen, antibody and RT-nPCR assays. Some positive samples were sequenced and analyzed by evolutionary tree. Results The one-step qRT-PCR meth-od for HEV detection in serum or feces samples was successfully establish. It could reach a sensitivity of 25 copies/test and 77. 8% of its results were consistent with those by HEV antigen assay. Nine patients were infected with HEV of genotypes 4a, 4d or 4n as indicated by evolutionary tree. Conclusion The HEV qRT-PCR method based on its standard plasmid is successfully established, which paves the way for commercial-ization of clinical applications.

Objective:To check RNA binding protein QKI-5's expression level in breast cancer cells and inhibiting effect on cancer cell proliferation.Methods:QKI-5's expression level was checked in different breast cancer cells by Western blotting,cancer cells of overexpressed QKI-5 gene could be stabilized by slow virus infection construction,MTT and FCM were used to check cell period to express QKI-5's influence on cell proliferation and period.Results:MCF-7 cells have relatively low QKI-5 expression level in three breast cancer cells,MTT experiment result has obvious reduced influence on QKI-5's expression of MCF-7 cell proliferation P＜0.05,mean-while,cell period inspection shows that overexpressed QKI-5's MCF-7 cells have obvious G1 retardant,cells in S and G2/M periods are reduced.Conclusion:High expression of QKI-5'in breast cancer could cause slow cell proliferation by inhibiting cancer cell period,hence causing limited tumor growth.

Objective:To explore the curative effect and safety of febuxosta for the patients with primary gout complicated with mild to moderate renal insufficiency.Methods:60 male patients with primary gout complicated with mild to moderate renal insufficiency were enrolled in the affiliated Hospital of integrated traditional Chinese and Westem Medicine,Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine from January 2015 to August 2016 and randomly divided into two groups,the control group (n=30) was treated by allopurinol,and the study group (n=30) was treated by febuxosta treatment.The blood uric acid (BUA) and hepatorenal function were compared in the treatment period,and the incidence of adverse reactions and the recurrence of gout in post-treatment were compared.Results:At 1,2 and 3 month after treatment,the serum level of BUN in the study group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P＜0.05).The renal function of all patients were significantly improved compared with pre-treatment (P＜0.05),but the no significant difference was found between two groups at the same time(P＞0.05).The control group showed the adverse reactions with limb discomfort,drowsiness,nausea,abdominal distension,diarrhea and itch of skin,and the study group showed limb discomfort,drowsiness and abdominal distension,and one patients presenting allergic skin rash and discontinuation of allopurinol.The total incidence of adverse reactions in the study group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P＜0.05).Conclusions:Febuxosta could effectively and safely decrease the blood uric acid levels and improve the renal function of patients with primary gout complicated with mild to moderate renal insufficiency.