Objective To evaluate the intraluminal manometry of the colon and X ray examination of colon transport in the diagnosis of slow transport constipation (STC).[WT5”HZ] Methods [WT5”BZ] 46 patients and 25 healthy controls underwent X ray examination of colon transport function, and colonic intraluminal manometry. 29 patients received colectomy including total in 15, partial in 12, and ileo sigmoidocolostomy in 2. [WT5”HZ] Results [WT5”BZ] It was found that the marker of transport function test within the colon was held for much longer time than normal controls and the colonic intraluminal pressure was much lower in patients than in controls.[WT5”HZ]Conclusion [WT5”BZ] Intraluminal manometry of the colon and X ray examination of colonic transport function test help in establishing the diagnosis of STC. Total or partial colectomy effected a cure for STC.

Objective To study the effect of synthetic HLA-derived peptide (P), HLA-B*2702.75-84, on the mean survival time (MST) of cardiac allografts in mice.Methods NIH mice cardiac allografts were heterotopically transplanted into the posterior of Balb/c ears. The HLA-derived peptide in combination with a subtherapeutic dose of CsA were perioperatively administrated. The pulsation of the cardiac allograft observed under the operating microscope was considered as the indication of the cardiac allograft surviving time or rejection. Results MST was ( 7.5? 0.5) days in untreated control group, ( 8.5? 1.5) days in CsA group and ( 7.0? 1.5) days in control peptide or P groups respectively, whereas MST was ( 26.5? 3.5) days in experimental group.Conclusion The synthetic HLA-derived peptide combined with subtherapeutic CsA can significantly prolong cardiac allograft survival in mice as compared with control groups.

Objective To observe the protective role of enalapril as a specific angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor on allograft in renal transplant recipients.Methods From Jan 2000 to Jun 2001,22 cases of renal transplant recipients with normal renal function and urine TGF-?_1 concentration being higher than 250.0 pg/mg Cr(group A) underwent therapy with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor(enalapril) one year after surgery.Enalapril was administered at a dose of 50 mg/d for the patients in group A for at least one year.Twenty-three recipients who never received angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor in the same condition were studied as Group B.The adverse reactions of enalapril were investigated in group A and the expression of TGF-?_1mRNA in renal grafts were compared between before and 1 year after enalapril therapy.At the end of 3-year study period,the renal function,the decrement of creatinine clearance rate(Ccr) and the concentration of TGF-?_1 in blood and urine were compared between the two groups respectively.Results The Ccr decreased faster in group B than in group A.During three years study period,the decrements of Ccr were(5.1?4.6) and(13.7?9.5)(ml/min) in group A and group B respectively,and there were 2 cases and 9 cases with chronic allograft nephropathy(CAN) respectively.The decrement of Ccr and the number of CAN cases were significant difference between group A and group B(all P

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of locking compression plate fixation through a modified anterolateral approach for posterolateral tibial plateau fractures.Methods From June 2010 to March 2012,19 patients with posterolateral tibial plateau fractures underwent locking compression plate fixation through a modified anterolateral approach in our hospital.There were 11 males and 8 females,aged from 26 to 55 years (average,38.3 years).The injury causes included traffic accident in 10 cases,fall from height injury in 7 cases and falling injury in 2 cases.Two patients had avulsion fracture of the anterior cruciate ligament.The modified lateral S-shaped incision was adopted for all patients.All the patients underwent early and suitable rehabilitation after operation.The radiographic and clinical results were evaluated by using X-rays and the Rasmussen score,respectively.Results The average operative time was 95 minutes (range,80 to 120 minutes),and the average intraoperative blood loss was 180 ml (range,100 to 400 mi).All the patients were followed up for 12 to 24 months (average,16.2 months).Bone union was obtained in all patients,and the bony union time ranged from 8 to 14 weeks.There was no implant loosening/ breakage,bone nonunion,genu valgum,genu varum,redisplacement of fracture,and knee instability.Anatomic reduction was obtained in 18 patients.For one patient with posterolateral comminuted dislocation fracture,CT scan showed a step-off of 2 mm in joint surface after operation,and at final follow-up,the patient suffered from mild pain and the range of motion of the knee joint was 0 to 105 degree.The range of motion of the knee joint was 5 to 90 degree in one patient.The Rasmussen score ranged from 13 to 30 (average,22.9±4.9); the results were excellent in 10 cases,good in 7 cases and fair in 2 cases,and the excellent and good rate was 89.5％.Conclusion Locking compression plate fixation through a modified anterolateral approach is an effective method for posterolateral tibial plateau fractures,which has several advantages,such as simple and safe operation,stable fixation and less complications.

BACKGROUND: Previous studies showed that donor systemic injection of B7/CD28 costimulatory blocker cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated antigen 4 immunoglobulin (CTLA-4Ig) needed in T cell activation can markedly prolong the survival time of rat renal allografts, which, however, has limitations, such as high dose, extensive influence, poor specificity, systemic adverse reactions.OBJECTIVE: In order to improve the targeting of CTLA-4Ig, we modified the dendritic cells of donors and recipients in vitro with CTLA- 4Ig and observed the influence of two kinds of dendritic cells applied alone or together on the survival of renal allografis in rats.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: The randomized controlled animal experiment was performed between April 2003 and July 2004 at Laboratory of Department of Urinary Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.MATERIALS: Kidney donor: inbred Brown-Norway rats, kidney recipient: inbred Lewis rats, unrelated lymphocyte donor: Wistar rats.METHODS: Bone marrow derived dendritic cells of Lewis and Brown Norway rats were modified with CTLA- 4Ig gene recombinant adenovirus in vitro. Animal models of kidney transplantation were built with Brown Norway rats as donors while Lewis rats as recipients. The modified dendritic cells were injected into Lewis rats through femoral vein 24 hours before kidney transplantation alone (group 1 (n=8), donor dendritic cells; group 2 (n=8), recipient dendritic cells) and in combination (group 3 (n=8), donor and recipient dendritic cells). While the recipients without injection were used as control (group 4 (n=6)).MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Survival time of renal allografts; the reaction degrees of splenocytes to donor and unrelated antigen determined by MTT method on day 20 postoperation.RESULTS: Survival time of renal allografts in group 2 was not prolonged compared with group 4 while the survival time was markedly prolonged in group 3 (P < 0.01). The response of rat splenocytes to donor antigen in group 1 and group 3 was obviously lower than that in group 4 (P < 0.01), while the response to unrelated antigen was similar to group 4.CONCLUSION: Donor dendritic cells modified with CTLA- 4Ig can significantly prolonged survival time of rat renal allografts and the administration of both donor and recipient dendritic cells modified with CTLA- 4Ig can induce a longer survival time of renal allografts. Recipient dendritic cells cannot prolong the survival time of renal allografts.

Objective To investigate the immunosuppression function of a novel HLA derived peptide, RDP1258, and its mechanisms. Methods A peptide derived from HLA, RDP1258, was chemically synthesized by artificial solid phase synthesis. Effects of the peptide on alloreactive cytotoxic activity of rat spleen cells and heme oxygenase 1 (HO 1) activity were observed using 3H TdR method and enzyme chemistry method, respectively. Results The synthetic HLA derived peptide could obviously inhibit the proliferation of rat spleen cells and mixed lymphocyte reaction, and reduce HO activity in a dose dependent manner in vitro . Conclusion RDP1258 can significantly inhibit the proliferation of rat spleen cells induced by mitogen and isoantigen possibly by means of affecting HO 1 activity.

Objective To observe the efficacy of local gene transfection in CD154 extracellular domain on the survival of renal allografts. Methods The kidneys of Brown Norway (BN) rats were transfected with CD154 extracellular domain gene recombined adenovirus. The transfected kidneys were transplanted to Lewis rats (transfection group). BN→Lewis kidney transplantation with non transplanted kidneys served as the controls. The allograft survival time and the allograft function between the two groups were compared. Results The allograft survival time of the transfection group was longer than that of the controls significantly [(28?7.3)d vs (8.6?1.2) d, P

Objective To summarize the experiences in treatment of intertochanteric fractures with proximal femur nail antirotation (PFNA). Methods A retrospective study was done on 136 patients with intertrochanteric fractures treated with PFNA from March 2006 to September 2008. Postoperative reduction quality, long-term radiographic results and function of hip were evaluated separately. All the patients had closed fractures. The operation involved orthopedic traction bed, C-arm image intensifier,closed reduction or limited open reduction and locking technique. Results All patients were followed up for 10-18 months (average 14.5 months), which showed fracture healing in all patients. According to Harris criterion, the function of the hip joint obtained excellence in 129 patients ( 94.9% ). Conclusion PFNA has advantages of simple procedure, minimal invasion, firm fixation and early functional exercises and is an effective method for treatment of intertrochanteric fractures.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of free ultra-thin superficial peroneal artery perforator flap for repairing the wound in forefoot.Methods From January 2010 to June 2012,six cases were treated with free ultra-thin superficial peroneal artery perforator flap for repairing the wound in forefoot,including 4 cases of dorsal defect,two cases of wound on the toe.The size of the wound ranged from 3.0 cm × 5.0 cm 5.5 cm × 8.0 cm.Four cases for direct suture,two cases of donor site repairing with skin graft.Results All of 6 cases were repaired successfully and no vascular crisis occurred,and clinical follow ups were performed after 3-12 months,the results was satisfactory.Conclusion It is an effective method of repairing the wound in forefoot by free ultra-thin superficial peroneal artery perforator flap.

Objective To evaluate effects of minimally invasive dynamic hip screw(DHS)in treatment of intertrochanteric femoral fractures.Methods The study involved 98 patients with intertrochanteric femoral fractures treated by closed reduction and C-arm fluoroscopy guided minimally invasive DHS from January 2004 to January 2010.According to AO classification,there were 38 patients with type A1 fractures and 60 with type A2 fractures.According to Evans classification,there were nine patients with typeⅠ?fractures,29 with type Ⅱ,36 with typeⅢ?and 24 with type V.Intraoperative blood loss,operation time and incision length were recorded.Results The intraoperative hemorrhage,operation time and incision length were average 250 ml(range,150-450 ml),54.3 minutes(range,45-70 minutes),and 5.2 cm(range,4-7 cm),respectively.All the patients were followed up for 12-38 months(mean 16.8 months).Fracture healing time was 10-14 weeks(average 11.5 weeks).According to Zuekerman functional scoring for hip joint,the results were excellent in 61 patients,good in 30,fair in four and poor in three,with excellence rate of 92.9％.Varus deformity of hip occurred in four patients.No patient presented surgical site infection,implant failure or displacement of fractures.Conclusion Minimally invasive DHS is an effective means in treating intertrochanteric femoral fractures,but the key point of successful treatment is to strictly grasp the correct operative procedures.