OBJECTIVE:To investigate the status quo and problems of application of parenteral nutrition in our hospital. METHODS:Cases of parenteral nutrition support(PN)from January to June in 2008 were reviewed and analyzed statistically. RESULTS:The problem of 637 patients treated with PN included indication,duration,prescription composition and incompatibility. CONCLUSION:The application of PN in our hospital is partly rational,nevertheless there are also some problems needed to be improved.

Objective:To summarize the drug repercussion data in outpatient pharmacy and analyze the reasons to provide sugges-tions for the improvement. Methods: The information was collected from the hospital information system ( HIS) during January 1, 2013 and December 31, 2015, including drug name, category, quantity, amount, reasons for drug repercussion and the other statisti-cal data. Results:During the three years, the number of prescription drugs, amount of money and varieties of drug repercussion were increased. The most common reasons for drug repercussion were the other reasons, withdrawn by doctors and the request of patients. The sum of drug repercussion was positively correlated with the drug price and the amount of drug repercussion. Conclusion:The op-tion simplicity for drug repercussion in HIS is the main reason for drug repercussion bythe other reasons. The occurrence of drug re-percussion should be intervened by such methods as gradually improving the HIS, establishing intervention measures, enhancing the professional quality of pharmacists and so on.

strains that could produce raw starch-digesting glucoamylase were isolated from soil and mildewed rice.The highest raw starch-digesting glucoamylase activity strain named OR-1 was identified as Rhizopus.sp.The raw starch-digesting glucoamylase activity of the strain is 90U/mL.Through UV and NTG mutagenesis,the raw starch-digesting glucoamylase activity raised to 200U/mL and 325U/mL respectively.The RDA were 70% and 65% respectively.

Objective To investigate the toxic effect of nona-ferroso-ferric oxide(Nano-Fe_3O_4),nano-silicon dioxide(Nano- SiO_2)and single walled carbon nanotubes(SWCNTs)on the lung and mechanism in rats.Methods Fourty-nine Wistar rats were randomly divided into 7 groups,the control group,low and high dose groups of three nanomaterials.The rats were exposed by intratracheal instillation once two days for 5 weeks,and then killed by abdominal aorta bloodletting.The pathology of lung,lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC),superoxide dismutase(SOD),malondialdehyde(MDA),interleukin-1(IL- l),interleukin-6(IL-6)and tumor necrosis factor-?(TNF-?)in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF)were determined.Results The fibrous tubercle and the matrix inflammation of lung tissue was found in the experimental groups.The activities of T-AOC and SOD decreased while IL-6 concentration increased significantly in the experimental groups(P

Objective To study the learning and memory abilities together with the morphological changes in astrocyte and neuron in the hippocampal CA3 area in mice induced by chronic cadmium exposure. Methods Twenty Kunming mice aged 4-5 months were selected by Y-maze and randomly divided into two groups. The cadmium exposed group treated with cadmium (CdCl2,2 mg/kg) by subcutaneous injection,twice a week for 3 consecutive months,and the normal control group were injected with the equal dose of saline. The learning and memory abilities were detected by Y-maze after 3 months of treatment. The structure of astrocytes and neurons in CA3 area of hippocampus were observed under light microscope,and the quantitatively analysis was performed by cell morphometric technique. Results Compared with the control group,learning and memory capacity determined by Y-maze test in the cadmium exposed group were lower (P

Objective To establish a novel canine model of severe acute cholangitis(ACST).Methods Ten dogs were randomly divided into two groups:model group and control group.ACST models were established by placing T-tube in common bile duct and ligating the distal bile duct,then injecting E.coli trough T-tube and closing the T-tube.The changes of peripheral WBC,total bilirubin,ALT,AKP,IL-1?,TNF-? and endotoxin were observed pre-operatively and at 24 h,48 h,72 h,and 7 d post-operatively.The pathological changes of bile duct were observed when the dogs were sacrificed.Results There were no significant differences in all indices between two groups pre-operatively.Serum IL-1?,TNF-?,endotoxin and total bilirubin,ALT,AKP level in model group increased gradually and were higher than control group(P

cloned human have been put forward from gestation to practice study,but the cloning will face many problems about society ,ethic and law,such as family,prepotency or low birth,social identity,population etc.All should be solved by the means of the social control including morality policy and law,etc.

Objective To establish human brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) genetical modified marrow stromal cells and to evaluate the influence on the viability of the cultured spiral ganglion cells from Kunming mice.Methods Eukaryotic expression plasmid——pcDNA3.1(-)-BDNF was constructed according to the molecular clone approach. Marrow stromal cells(MSC) were separated and cultured. BDNF genetical modified marrow stromal cells were established and verified by biochemical analysis.The bio-effect to spiral ganglion cells, especially with the oxidative damage under the different concentration of H_2O_2 was observed.Results PcDNA3.1(-)-BDNF and BDNF genetical engineering cells were successfully established. The supernatant from BDNF-MSCs remarkably improved the survival rate of the spiral ganglion cells.Conclusion BDNF genetical modified marrow stromal cells are successfully established, and the genetical engineering cell plays an important role in the protection the spiral ganglion cells from the oxidative damage. This study provide a strong basis for genetical engineering cells transplantation into the inner ear.

To study the effect of ischemic preconditioning(IP) on the expression of HSP 70 mRNA in postischemic spinal cord of rabbits, the spinal cord ischemic model was established by inflating the balloon of a 4F Swan Ganz catheter positioned in the abdominal aorta of the rabbits. The rabbits were divided into sham operated group, ischemic group and IP group. The expression of HSP 70 mRNA in postischemic spinal cord was observed by using the method of RT PCR at 4 hours, 2 days and 5 days after spinal cord ischemia respectively. No expression of HSPs 70 mRNA was found in sham operative group. Compared with ischemic group,the expression of HSP 70 mRNA in spinal cord of IP group was strengthened( P

Anti-Bacterial Agents ; therapeutic use ; Bacterial Infections ; drug therapy ; Cephalosporins ; adverse effects ; pharmacokinetics ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic